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Topic: Constantine IV

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Heraclonas

Constans II

Constantine III (emperor)

Battle of Syllaeum

List of Byzantine emperors

Ecumenical council

Leo I (emperor)

Sixth Ecumenical Council

Justinian II

685

Andronicus IV

Alexius III Angelus

Leo III

Ivailo

Phocas

	Roman Emperors DIR Constantine IV
		Constantine IV, born around 650, was the eldest son of Constans II and Fausta.
		Constantine, recognizing that something needed to be done about the religious dissension in his empire, convened the sixth ecumenical council (Constantinople III) that met from November of 680 until September of 681.
		Constantine, concerned over ensuring the succession of his son Justinian to the throne, attempted to remove his brothers Heraclius and Tiberius from their positions as co-emperors prior to the sixth ecumenical council.
	www.roman-emperors.org /Constiv.htm (1149 words)

	Constantine IV - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Constantine IV (649-685); sometimes incorrectly called Pogonatus, meaning the Bearded, like his father; was Byzantine emperor from 668-685.
		In 680 Constantine called the Sixth Ecumenical Council (also known as the Third Council of Constantinople), reaffirming the doctrines of the Council of Chalcedon in 451.
		In 681, Constantine was forced to acknowledge the new Bulgarian Empire in the Balkans after having suffered a disastrous defeat in 680.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constantine_IV (287 words)

	Constantine IV of Armenia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Constantine IV of Armenia (died 1344) was the first Latin king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, ruling from 1342 to 1344.
		Guy was reluctant; his mother and two of his brothers had been murdered by Oshin of Corycos during Oshin's term as regent, Oshin turn had been murdered at the behest of Leo V, and (in turn) Leo V had been murdered by the barons.
		Guy was killed in an uprising in 1344 and was succeeded by a distant cousin, Constantine V.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constantine_IV_of_Armenia (223 words)

	Constantine VI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constantine IV succeeded his father Leo IV at the age of nine in 780, and was emperor under the regency of his iconophile mother Irene.
		Constantine was 16 years old in 787, and general opinion was that Irene should have relinquished control of the empire to him.
		Constantine had to defeat the Armenians in battle before they would accept her as Empress; this was his first victory after disastrous defeats at the hands of the Bulgars.
	www.termsdefined.net /co/constantine-vi.html (415 words)

	Encyclopedia: Constantine IV of Armenia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constantine V of Armenia (died 1362) ruled the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1344 to 1362.
		Constantine came to the throne on the death of his cousin Constantine IV of Armenia who had been killed in an uprising in 1344.
		Constantine was the first husband of Marie of Armenia, daughter of Oshin of Corycos and Jeanne of Anjou.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Constantine-IV-of-Armenia (602 words)

	Encyclopedia: Constantine IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constans II and his son Constantine IV on a contemporary coin Constans Heraclius, known in English as Constans II, (November 7, 630â€“September 15, 668) was Byzantine emperor from 641 to 668.
		Constantine IV (649-685) was Byzantine emperor from 668 - 685.
		Constantine IV was Byzantine emperor from 668 - 685.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Constantine-IV (1351 words)

	Constantine IV
		Constantine IV c.652-685, Byzantine emperor (668-85), son and successor of Constans II.
		He defended Constantinople against the annual naval attacks of the Muslims, who finally withdrew in 678; Greek fire was a conspicuous weapon in the defense.
		Constantine was succeeded by his son, Justinian II.
	encyclopedia.variousstuff.net /articles/Constantine%20IV.html (86 words)

	Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constantine XI Byzantium had first been reconstructed in the time of Septimius Severus not just as a Roman city, but modelled on Rome itself, on and around seven hills.
		After the death of Romanus IV, the feeble young emperor Michael VII Ducas was compelled to concede to the Turkish general Sulayman the 'governorship' of all those provinces of which he was in actual possession.
		Alexius IV was strangled and Isaac II is said to have died of grief at the news of the murder of his son.
	www.roman-empire.net /constant/constantinople.html (13388 words)

	CHURCH FATHERS: Life of Constantine, Book IV (Eusebius)
		The expelled Sarmatians found that their only hope of safety was in Constantine's protection: and he, whose familiar habit it was to save men's lives, received them all within the confines of the Roman empire.
		Those who were capable of serving he incorporated with his own troops: to the rest he allotted lands to cultivate for their own support so that they themselves acknowledged that their past misfortune had produced a happy result in that they now enjoyed Roman liberty in place of savage barbarism.
		These words, however, Constantine heard with indignation, and forbade the speaker to hold such language, exhorting him rather to pray earnestly on his behalf, that whether in this life or in that which is to come, he might be found worthy to be a servant of God.
	newadvent.org /fathers/25024.htm (8735 words)

	Constantine IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constantine IV (649-685) was Byzantineemperor from 668 - 685.
		The most immediate threat to the empire under his reign were the Arabs, who sent a fleetto attack Constantinople by sea in 674.
		In 680 Constantine called the Sixth Ecumenical Council (also known as the Third Council of Constantinople), reaffirming thedoctrines of the Council of Chalcedon in 451.
	www.therfcc.org /constantine-iv-225409.html (210 words)

	(141) Constantine V and Leo IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The coinage of Constantine V and his immediate successors was characterized by types proclaiming the continuity of their dynasty, the Isaurian, which lasted until the end of the century.
		In Constantine's late coinage the entire family is depicted, with the co-emperors on the obverse and the founder of their dynasty on the reverse.
		Constantine's father, Leo III, had forbidden the veneration of icons, which had become widespread in the East, and this began an internal struggle between the iconoclasts, or destroyers of icons, and the iconodules, or worshippers of icons, which lasted for over a century.
	www.lawrence.edu /dept/art/buerger/catalogue/141.html (300 words)

	Constantine IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constantine IV on a contemporary coin Constantine IV (649-685) was Byzantine emperor from 668-685.
		On the reverse of this [[solidus (coin) by Constantine, his broters, Heraclius and Tiberius, who are referred to as Augusti.
		This means that the coin was minted before 683, when the two of them were mutilatedf so they would be inelegible to rule.]] The most immediate threat to the empire under his reign were the Arabs, who sent a fleet to attack Constantinople by sea in 674.
	constantine-iv.borgfind.com (307 words)

	Edward Gibbon - History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire - Volume II - Chapter XX - Conversion Of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Eight years after the edict of Milan, Constantine granted to all his subjects the free and universal permission of bequeathing their fortunes to the holy Catholic church; and their devout liberality, which during their lives was checked by luxury or avarice, flowed with a profuse stream at the hour of their death.
		An absolute monarch, who is rich without patrimony, may be charitable without merit; and Constantine too easily believed that he should purchase the favor of Heaven, if he maintained the idle at the expense of the industrious; and distributed among the saints the wealth of the republic.
		Constantine listened with patience, and spoke with modesty: and while he influenced the debates, he humbly professed that he was the minister, not the judge, of the successors of the apostles, who had been established as priests and as gods upon earth.
	www.pluckerbooks.com /works/gibbone/decline/vol2/chapter20-4.html (2521 words)

	CONSTANTINE THE GREAT, CHAPTERS III, IV & V
		She brought the nails to Constantine, who put them on his bridle and helmet, or according to another account, two were used in this way, and one was thrown into the Adriatic Sea.
		Eutropius was secretary to Constantine, and afterwards the intimate of Julian.
		He is a heathen who, on the period of Constantine, draws from an anti-Christian and anti-Constantinian source, and who regards the introduction of Christianity as a chief cause of the decline of the Roman Empire (cf.
	www.synaxis.org /ecf/volume24/ECF00014.htm (9406 words)

	Constantine IV of Armenia - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Constantine IV of Armenia - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Constantine IV of Armenia contains research on
		Constantine IV of Armenia, Bibliography and Monarchs of Armenia.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Constantine_IV_of_Armenia (237 words)

	(137) Constantine IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constantine IV came to the throne after the murder of his father, Constans II, in A.D. 668 and ruled first in association with his brothers, Heraclius and Tiberius.
		Afterwards he ruled alone until his death in A.D. The most significant event of the reign of Constantine IV was the Arab siege of Constantinople, which lasted from A.D. 674 until A.D. 678 and ended with the decisive defeat of the Arabs.
		On this solidus, Constantine briefly revived the old armored portrait bust, which had for the most part been replaced by the portrait of the emperor wearing the chlamys (see no. 135).
	www.lawrence.edu /dept/art/buerger/catalogue/137.html (358 words)

	Byzantine
		There is still much debate as to whether or not this is correct or if perhaps it should be moved back to the point when Constantine I moved the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople or perhaps when the Roman Empire split between the East and West.
		Constantine V Copronymus and Leo IV the Khazar 741-775
		Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus and Romanus I Lecapenus 913-959
	www.beastcoins.com /Byzantine/Byzantine.htm (500 words)

	Constantine IV - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Constantine IV - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Constantine IV Constantine IV on a contemporary coin
		Constantine IV, External links, 649 births, 685 deaths, Byzantine emperors and Heraclian Dynasty.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Constantine_IV (308 words)

	Byzantine Empire - Sons of Heraclius - History for Kids!
		Constantine IV succeeded his father Constans II in 668 AD, with the Abbasids gradually taking over most of the eastern Roman Empire, and attempts to retake the western part ending in failure.
		Constantine IV was a strong and sensible emperor, who in 679 successfully defended Constantinople from its first Abbasid attack under the Caliph Mu'awiya.
		But Constantine IV died at 33, leaving his 16 year old son, Justinian, to succeed him.
	www.historyforkids.org /learn/medieval/history/byzantine/constantineiv.htm (281 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Anastasia (wife of Constantine IV)
		Nothing is known of the antecedents of Anastasia, wife of Constantine IV (668-685).
		A presumably apocryphal tradition, recorded by Constantine Porphyrogenitus, states that she gave birth to Justinian on the island of Cyprus.
		When Constantine died in 685, at the age of only 35 years, he was survived by Anastasia and their sons Justinian, then 17 years of age, and Heraclius.
	www.roman-emperors.org /anastii.htm (551 words)

	Constantine IV -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Constantine withstood a four-year Arab siege of Constantinople (674–678), greatly enhancing Byzantine prestige and indeed marking a turning point in European history.
		Byzantine emperor from 780 to 797, grandson of Constantine V. Leo IV
		As grand duke of Lithuania from 1440 to 1492 and king of Poland from 1447 to 1492, Casimir IV was neither a man of great ambition nor a great warrior.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9025973 (519 words)

	ScienceDaily: Constantine iv (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Look for Constantine iv in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
		Look for Constantine iv in the Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
		Check for Constantine iv in the deletion log, or visit its deletion vote page if it exists.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/constantine_iv (892 words)

	My Lines - Person Page 297
		He was elected by the papal party in Germany as antiking in opposition to Conrad IV and subsequently gaining general recognition on 3 October 1247.
		King of Picts Drust IV mac Constantine was the son of King of Picts and Dál Riata Constantín mac Feargusa.
		He was defeated in battle by Constantine mac Feargusa, who took the Pictish throne, and fled into exile in the kingdom of Dál Riata, seeking refuge with Domnall in 789.
	homepages.rootsweb.com /~cousin/html/p297.htm (4501 words)

	THE LIFE OF THE BLESSED EMPEROR CONSTANTINE, BY EUSEBIUS PAMPHILUS, BOOK IV
		Constantine' s Letter to Eusebius on the Preparation of Copies of the Holy Scriptures.
		That the Council at Nicaea was held in the Twentieth, the Dedication of the Church at Jerusalem in the Thirtieth, Year of Constantine's Reign.
		ON the completion of the thirtieth year of his reign he solemnized the marriage of his second son, (1) having concluded that of his first-born long before.
	www.aroundomaha.com /ecf/volume24/ECF00018.htm (8736 words)

	AllRefer.com - Constantine IV, Byzantine emperor (Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Constantine IV, Byzantine emperor (Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Constantine IV, Byzantine emperor, Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biographies
		Constantine IV c.652–685, Byzantine emperor (668–85), son and successor of Constans II.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Constnt4Byz.html (232 words)

	Constantine IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Constantine IV Constantine IV King of the Cilician Armenia (1345-1363).
		His two consecutive predecessors, Constantine III and Guy were assassinated as a result of plots of the discontented lords.
		To avert the decay of his Kingdom, he made alliances with the King of Cyprus and the Grand Master of the Order of St. John.
	www.armenianhistory.info /constantine4.htm (63 words)

	Constantine IV - Byzantine Coinage - WildWinds.com
		Constantine IV (668-685) & Pope St. Vitalian (657-672) AR 1/8 Siliqua (0.26 gm).
		Syracuse Mint A.D. Constantine IV standing facing, in helmet & cuirass, & holding spear / M between standing figures of Heraclius on l.
		Constantine stands with spear & globed cross / large M, monogram above, SCL below.
	www.wildwinds.com /coins/byz/constantine_IV/i.html (542 words)

	Emperors
		578-582 Tiberius I Constantine 582-602 Maurice 602-610 Phocas
		641 Constantine III and Heraclonas 641 Heraclonas 641-668 Constans II 668-685 Constantine IV Political Development : Reorganisation of the Empire with the introduction of themes.
		741-775 Constantine V 775-780 Leo IV 780-797 Constantine VI 797-802 Irene 802-811 Nicephorus I 811 Stauracius 811-813 Michael I Rangabe 813-820 Leo V 820-829 Michael II 829-842 Theophilus 842-867 Michael III Political Development : End of the inonoclast controversy.
	www.yasou.org /byzantium/byz3.htm (1394 words)

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