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Topic: Constitution of Fiji

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	FIJI FACTS AND INFORMATION
		The Republic of the Fiji Islands, or Fiji, is an island_nation in the South Pacific_Ocean, east of Vanuatu, west of Tonga and south of Tuvalu.
		Fiji's Head of State is the President, who is elected by the ''Great Council of Chiefs'' for a five-year term.
		Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies, though still with a large subsistence sector.
	www.bellabuds.com /Fiji (1894 words)

	Vaal Triangle Info Encylopedia - Fiji (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fiji's membership of the Commonwealth of Nations was suspended due to the anti-democratic activities connected with the 2000 coup.
		The population of Fiji is divided between native Fijians, a people of mixed Polynesian and Melanesian ancestory (54.3%), and Indo-Fijians (38.1%), descendants of Indian contract labourers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century.
		Three official languages are prescribed by the constitution: English, which was introduced by the former British colonial rulers, Bau Fijian, spoken by ethnic Fijians, and Hindustani, the main language spoken by Indo-Fijians.
	www.vaaltriangleinfo.co.za /wiki/index.php?title=Fiji (1938 words)

	Articles - Constitution of Fiji: Chapter 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The inclusion of this in the Constitution is somewhat unusual: the constitutions of many countries leave the question of citizenship to be resolved by the legislature.
		Every child born in Fiji on or after the date on which the Constitution took effect is deemed to be a citizen of Fiji, provided that at least one parent is a citizen, and that neither parent is an accredited diplomat of a foreign power.
		Fiji had no constitutional government between 28 September and 6 October 1987; any child born abroad whose father was a citizen is taken to be a citizen.
	www.lastring.com /articles/Constitution_of_Fiji:_Chapter_3 (820 words)

	FLP Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The supreme authority of the Labour Party shall be the Annual Delegates Conference which shall meet yearly under the Chair of the National President or Vice President in the absence of the President and shall be convened by the Secretary-General in consultation with the Management Board and the National Council.
		The Branch shall enforce the Constitution in all matters and observe legally the resolutions and decisions of the Annual Conference and the National Council.
		It is proposed that the number of rural sector/farmer representatives on the Party's National Council be increased from 8 to 18 and that the urban sector/worker representatives be increased from 8 to 13.
	www.flp.org.fj /constitution.htm (5115 words)

	Fiji (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Republic of the Fiji Islands occupies an archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Vanuatu, west of Tonga and south of Tuvalu.
		The first inhabitants of Fiji arrived from South East Asia long before the islands were discovered by European explorers in the 17th century.
		The population of Fiji is divided almost equally between native Fijians, a people of mixed Polynesian and Melanesian ancestory (54.3%), and Indo-Fijians (38.1%), descendants of Indian contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/F/Fiji.htm (1882 words)

	TOWARDS RACIAL HARMONY: A New Constitution for Fiji (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Repeated ‘constitutional accidents’ have shown that Fiji’s internal stability, security, peace, and prosperity cannot be guaranteed by the centralisation of governance and shuffling political influence around according to who has the power.
		Fiji’s political life would greatly benefit from this instrument of direct democracy, because all citizens in a canton or nation would ultimately have a direct say in politics, irrespective of what racial or other group controls political power.
		Fiji could well leapfrog into the 21st century if tamper-proof computer terminals were installed in primary schools and were made accessible after school hours to all resident voters.
	www.cis.org.au /IssueAnalysis/ia19/Ia19html.htm (4045 words)

	Vaal Triangle Info Encylopedia - Constitution_of_Fiji:_Chapter_9 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Section 123 authorizes the President of Fiji, on the advice of the Cabinet, to ask the Supreme Court to rule on actual or potential disagreements pertaining to the Constitution.
		A judge (of any court) must either be a qualified barrister or solicitor with a minimum of seven years' experience in Fiji or another country prescribed by law, or one who holds or has held a high judicial position in Fiji or another country prescribed by Parliament.
		The first principle is that all judicial officers should be based on merit, filled by persons of "the highest quality." The second principle is that, as far as practicable, the composition of the judiciary should reflect Fiji's ethnic balance and should aim for substantially equal representation of males and females.
	www.vaaltriangleinfo.co.za /wiki/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Fiji:_Chapter_9 (1621 words)

	Constitution: Fiji - USA Business Council
		A member engaged in trade and commerce between Fiji and the United States of America or vice versa, whose name shall be listed on appropriate Council printed material as a Founding Sponsor Member.
		If at any meeting of the Council or any committee, the officer prescribed by these constitution to be Chairman, pursuant to Clause 10 (b) (iii), is not present, the member or the committee concerned, as the case may be, shall elect a Chairman from among the present.
		The Chairman once taking the chair may retain that position during the meeting, not withstanding that the Officer prescribed as aforesaid to be Chairman may afterwards attend, unless the temporary chairman desires to relinquish the chair.
	www.fijiusa.biz /constitution.html (2583 words)

	THE 1997 CONSTITUTION: JUDGES CANNOT BE MADE TO BECOME VETO PLAYERS IN POLITICS
		Fiji was not the first time the Horowitz and Lijphart debate had surfaced in regard to the electoral rules of a divided society.
		The constitution clearly meant that every voter must personally express his or her preference by writing the appropriate numbers against the name of a human being who was a candidate, not a party.
		The Republic of the Fiji Islands is declared in the course of the preamble to be a multi-racial society.
	www.saag.org /papers8/paper741.html (10671 words)

	Constitutional Rights in Fiji (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fiji is one of only three countries in the world that >explicitly identifies sexual orientation as a status protected from >discrimination under the Constitution--rightfully receiving >recognition for its contribution to setting this landmark >international precedent.
		Fiji is only one of three countries that protects sexual >orientation in the Constitution.
		Fiji has received world recognition for its democratic >Constitution but now the government is wanting to change it, on the >very issues that brought it to international attention.
	www.jtsears.com /overess8.htm (1777 words)

	Colour, Class and Custom: References
		'Fiji: the politics of a plural society', in Ahmed Ali and Ron Crocombe (eds), Politics of Melanesia.
		Constitution of the Sovereign Democratic Republic of Fiji.
		Introduction to 'As the dust settles: impact and implications of the Fiji coups', The Contemporary Pacific 2 (Spring): 1-10.
	www.speedysnail.com /pacific/fiji_coup/refs.html (1290 words)

	Colour, Class and Custom: Notes
		Fijians themselves, few of whom have a detailed knowledge of Fiji's pre-colonial history (which regrettably is not taught in most schools), are apt to consider the village practices with which they have grown up as being 'traditional', even though these practices may in fact have developed within the last one or two generations.
		[15] Fiji's economy has largely recovered (thanks to tax-free zones which act as incentives for overseas investors), although it is doubtful whether ordinary Fiji citizens are seeing the benefits of this recovery.
		[36] Once the eventual independence of Fiji was seen as inevitable (given the world's changing political climate), the colonial government carefully groomed a number of chiefs to assume the mantle of power.
	speedysnail.com /pacific/fiji_coup/notes.html (4302 words)

	Kanailagi against Constitution
		The President of the Methodist Church of Fiji is against the Constitution of Fiji, says the Citizens' Constitutional Forum.
		This was evident in a conversation I had with Rev Laisiasa Ratabacaca and the President of the Methodist Church in Fiji and Rotuma, Rev Tomasi Kanailagi in the Office of the Methodist Church on March 1, 2001.
		On that occasion I submitted to Rev Kanailagi that I saw the 1997 Constitution as based on a vision which is inclusive of all citizens, protects indigenous interests and with respect for human rights.
	www.fijihosting.com /pcgov/hot_press/no965.htm (602 words)

	Articles - Constitution of Fiji (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Constitution (Amendment) Bill 1997 was passed by the House of Representatives on 3 July that year, and by the Senate on 10 July.
		The present constitution was abrogated by Commodore Frank Bainimarama, who organized a counter-coup to neutralize a civilian coup d'état led by George Speight, and subsequently formed an Interim Military Government.
		These included Ro Teimumu Kepa, the Paramount Chief of the Burebasaga Confederacy, who was required to relinquish her chairmanship of the Rewa Provincial Council, which was deemed to be be incompatible with her position as a member of the House of Representatives and as a Cabinet Minister.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Constitution_of_Fiji (656 words)

	FIJI: Amnesty breaches Constitution
		It held that the TRC Act was constitutional, and that the epilogue of the Transitional Constitution of 1993 very clearly provided for national reconciliation and the TRC Act was a legislative response to this constitutional imperative.
		There is no amnesty provision in the Constitution of Fiji, and therefore, the AZAPO precedent is not applicable in our case, despite the Prime Minister’s claim to the contrary.
		The question of amnesty is left to the Prerogative of Mercy Commission in the Fiji Constitution.
	www.saag.org /papers15/paper1483.html (1029 words)

	Fiji Constitution may be back (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		SUVA, JUNE 15: Fiji's military on Thursday pledged to restore the country's multi-racial Constitution in a setback for coup leader George Speight's attempt to ensure that top political posts are reserved for indigenous Fijians.
		Fiji's elected Government, led by its first ethnic Indian Premier Mahendra Chaudhry, has been held hostage in Parliament since May 19 when Speight staged a coup in the name of indigenous Fijians.
		One of Speight's key demands has been the replacement of the 1997 constitution, which guarantees all races equal access to power, by one which ensures that key positions will remain in the hands of indigenous Fijians, who make up 51 per cent of the population.
	www.indianexpress.com /ie/daily/20000616/iin16039.html (466 words)

	Fiji Coup 012 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The 1997 Constitution was REJECTED by 12 of the 14 Provincial Councils.
		The Constitution can no longer be overturned by bloodless coups – such behaviour is unacceptable to the international community and will occasion both opprobrium and economic sanctions on Fiji.
		Since the vast majority of Fijians are unhappy with the 1997 Constitution they have to conduct their displeasure in more internationally acceptable and civilised ways – anonymous assignations, anonymous sabotage, and unofficially sanctioned wholesale harassment of the Indian settler community.
	maorinews.com /karere/fiji/fiji012.htm (1229 words)

	Fiji Commentary
		The expulsion was not because Fiji became a Republic (most of the Commonwealth countries are republics, after all) but because of the manner in which it was done; overthrowing a lawful government by force and in effect committing treason against Her Majesty's representative.
		In the context of tourism, 'Fiji Islands' has always been used as it has more allure, but the name of the country was 'the Republic of Fiji' until 27th July 1998 when it was changed to 'the Republic of the Fiji Islands' by sections 1 and 193 of the 1997 Constitution.
		From a constitutional lawyer's point of view, one of the saddest features of the whole affair is the readiness of the senior judiciary to bend to the will of the military administration at a very early stage.
	www.justpacific.com /fiji/fijicoup2000/wilson.html (9546 words)

	Fiji: A Proposed Remedy to the Crisis
		The analysis is followed by a recommended process to either affirm the validity of the 1997 Constitution, to amend it, or to scrap it and start again.
		It is no use demanding that Fiji abide by a constitution that has not been approved or ratified by the all the people of Fiji, or even by a majority of the people through referendum.
		The proposal calls for the 1997 Constitution to be submitted to referendum as the starting point of a process to find a workable constitution for Fiji.
	www.converge.org.nz /pma/firem.htm (234 words)

	Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Ghai brings to the study of the Constitution are valuable, but I know he will forgive me for saying that from the working Government lawyer's point of view it is precisely those legislative and administrative measures which Prof Ghai dismisses in his opening paragraph that are of concern.
		It was the subject of consultation with various groups, including the Citizens Constitutional Forum, and was drafted under the guidance of a consultant to the UN Human Rights Commission, Mt. Peter Hosking.
		Section 174 of the Constitution requires Parliament to enact a law "as soon as practicable after the commencement of this Constitution".
	www.ccf.org.fj /publications/implem/imple.htm (2818 words)

	Australia praises Constitution
		She stated that by social justice, "we mean the recognition of the right of every one of us, and of the communities in which we live, to live our lives according to our own customs and our own beliefs so long as these do not impinge on the rights of others to do the same.
		In her speech Boyd condemned the ethnic Indians of Fiji for speaking "disparagingly" of the values of others.
		The development of Fiji and the happiness of its citizens requires respect and accommodation both for communalism and for the right of the individual, for efforts which enhance the community as a whole and for efforts which enhance the development of the individuals who make it up."
	www.fijihosting.com /pcgov/hot_press/no893.htm (433 words)

	ICL - Fiji Constitution
		In the interpretation of a provision of this Constitution:
		An infant found abandoned in Fiji is deemed to have been born in Fiji, in the absence of proof to the contrary.
		(c) a person born in Fiji in the period that began on 25 July 1990 and ended on the date of commencement of this Constitution is taken to have become a citizen on the date of birth if he or she would otherwise be stateless.
	www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/fj00000_.html (18816 words)

	Collected Papers
		Rotumans in Fiji: The Genesis of an Ethnic Group.
		The Fiji Connection: Migrant Involvement in the Economy of Rotuma.
		In Fiji in Transition, edited by Brij V. Lal and Tomasi Rayalu Vakatora.
	www.hawaii.edu /oceanic/rotuma/os/howsel/papers.html (511 words)

	PM - High Court upholds Fiji's Constitution
		The High Court has ruled that Fiji's 1997 multi-racial Constitution should be upheld.
		The Constitution was scrapped after this year's coup by George Speight.
		If they are law abiding citizens of Fiji, this should change things fundamentally.
	www.abc.net.au /pm/stories/s212762.htm (458 words)

	Articles - Constitution of Fiji: Preamble (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Constitution of Fiji begins with a Preamble, which sets out the historical, cultural, and political reasons for the drafting of the 1997 Constitution.
		Fijian society has often been culturally, economically, and politically polarized in recent decades between ethnic Fijians and Indo-Fijians, who are descendants of migrants brought to work the British-owned sugar plantations between 1879 and 1916.
		The framers of the Constitution wanted the Preamble to acknowledge the unique place of indigenous Fijians and Rotumans, whilst at the same time affirming the equal value to the country of Indo-Fijians and other minorities.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Constitution_of_Fiji:_Preamble (411 words)

	BBC News \| ASIA-PACIFIC \| Fiji PM defies constitution
		There is no sign of a resolution to Fiji's political crisis after the new Prime Minister, Laisenia Qarase, named an 18-strong cabinet that includes no ethnic Indians.
		Mr Qarase's exclusion of the Indian-dominated Labour Party (FLP) from his coalition is in defiance of the constitution, which says any party with eight or more seats is entitled to cabinet positions.
		Mr Qarase was appointed prime minister following Fiji's first elections since Mr Chaudhry was ousted in a coup led by failed businessman turned nationalist figurehead, George Speight, 15 months ago.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1540398.stm (372 words)

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