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Topic: Constitution of Fiume

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Alceste de Ambris

Doctrine of Fascism

Fiume

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EXECUTIVE POWER

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	Istria on the Internet - History - Rijeka / Fiume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Fiume was one of the first places considered—indeed, the Commercial Commission instituted at Graz in 1717 voted to create only one single free port, and that at Fiume, partly on account of its abundance of fresh water and the natural facilities of its harbor, partly for the curious reason that it was 'nearer to Naples'.
		The population increased rapidly; in 1880 it was 20,981, in 1900 38,855, and in 1910 48,492.
		Fiume is totally useless to Italy, the only benefit which she derives from possession of it being the feeling that she is thereby annoying and embarrassing Yugoslavia.
	www.istrianet.org /istria/history/ww1/fiume-macartney1.htm (2624 words)

	Constitution of Fiume eText @ Karr.net (Karr Network) (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Fiume is warden of the Italian marches., the furthest stronghold of Italian culture, the most distant land that bears the imprint of Dante.
		Fiume, as of old Tarsatica, placed at the southern end of the Liburnian rampart stretches thence along the Julian Alps and is contained entirely within that boundary which science, tradition and history alike confirm as the sacred confines of Italy.
		Fiume, with will unwavering and heroic courage, overcoming every attack whether of force or fraud, vindicated her right, two years ago, to choose her own destiny, her own allegiance on the strength of that just principle declared to the world by some of her unjust adversaries themselves.
	www.karr.net.cob-web.org:8888 /etexts/Constitution_of_Fiume (4381 words)

	STATI LIBERO di FIUME FREE STATE of FIUME
		Fiume began as the Roman settlement of Tarsattica soon after the legions of the empire defeated the Illyrian pirates in 180 BC.
		Croats constituted the majority of the city's cosmopolitan population until the end of 19th century when Hungary began to actively recruit Italian immigrants to stem the rising tide of Slavic nationalism.
		Fiume was ceded to Yugoslavia by the Treaty of Paris in 1947.
	worldatwar.net /nations/other/fiume (2047 words)

	Constitution eText @ Constituted.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Constitution of the State of Florida (28 June Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (1780))
		Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (1789)
		[Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands] The Northern Mariana Islands
	www.constituted.net /etexts (872 words)

	Welcome to COUNTERMEDIA — Information Beyond The Mainstream (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		On September 12 he marched from Rome at the head of a thousand fl shirted legionaries; the Allied troops withdrew and D’Annunzio, who announced his intention of remaining in the city until it was annexed by Italy, assumed control of the port city as the ‘Commandante’.
		For them the Commandante’s Fiume became “the symbol of a moral, political and social rejection of the entire established order.” The legionaries called for the freedom of all oppressed people and viewed with interest the Soviet experiment in Russia.
		I believe that if we compare Fiume with the Paris uprising of 1968 (also the Italian urban insurrections of the early seventies), as well as with the American countercultural communes and their anarcho-New Left influences, we should notice certain similarities, such as: — the importance of aesthetic theory (cf.
	www.geocities.com /countermedia/6.html (1224 words)

	Rijeka, Croatia
		Rijeka (Fiume in Italian and Hungarian, Reka in Slovene; R(ij)eka and Fiume both mean river) is the principal seaport of Croatia, located on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea.
		Created a free port in 1723, Fiume was passed during the 18th and 19th centuries among the Habsburgs' Austrian, Croatian, and Hungarian possessions until its attachment to the latter kingdom for the third and last time in 1870.
		Although Croatia had a constitutional autonomy within Hungary, the City of Fiume was independent, governed directly from Budapest by an appointed governor, as Hungary's only international port.
	www.creekin.net /c2959-n48-rijeka-croatia.html (923 words)

	Wikisource:Constitutional documents - Wikisource
		Constitution of the Republic of Croatia (adopted 1990, amended 1997, 2000, 2001)
		Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (2000)
		Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (1952)
	en.wikisource.org /wiki/Wikisource:Constitutional_documents (1041 words)

	Chronology 1920
		The Latvian Constituent Assembly met and drafted a constitution for the new republic.
		The Austrians redrew a constitution based on the Swiss federal state system composed of eight provinces (Vienna was a separate province) and a two-chamber legislature.
		Fiume became a free state (independent city) and the Italians renounced their claims to Dalmatia (Split and Sebenico), with the exception of Zara and a number of Dalmatian Islands in the Adriatic.
	www.indiana.edu /~league/1920.htm (5504 words)

	Rijeka - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Rijeka (in local Croatian dialects Rika and Reka; Fiume in Italian and Hungarian, Reka in Slovene; Sankt Veit am Flaum in older German; Folyómszentvít in Hungarian; Rijeka and Fiume both mean river) is the principal seaport of Croatia, located on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea.
		Major port development, the general expansion of international trade and the city's connection (1873) to the Hungarian and Austrian railway networks contributed to rapid population growth from 21,000 in 1880 to 50,000 in 1910.
		A period of diplomatic acrimony closed with the Treaty of Rome (January 27, 1924), which assigned Fiume to Italy and Sušak to Yugoslavia, with joint port administration.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fiume (1572 words)

	Tajikistan
		The Constitution provides for the inviolability of the home and prohibits interference with correspondence, telephone conversations, and postal and communication rights, except "in cases prescribed by law"; however, authorities continued to infringe on citizens' right to privacy.
		The Constitution provides citizens with the right to change their Government peacefully and freely through elections of the President and members of Parliament; however, the Government restricted this right in practice.
		The Constitution provides for the rights and freedoms of every person regardless of nationality, race, sex, language, political persuasion, or social status and also explicitly states that men and women have the same rights; however, in practice there was some discrimination against women.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27868.htm (9594 words)

	Degenerate - Superman, Supermidget - 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		D'Annunzio entered Fiume, sacred Fiume, in an open Fiat to the cheers of a slightly disoriented but enthusiastic crowd.
		The Commandante, as he called himself (though his fanatical followers referred to him as their duce) had at the high point of his fantasy about 10,000 soldiers in Fiume - army deserters, fugitives, runaway schoolboys with a taste for adventure and bored monsters looking to grab a hunk of slavic ass.
		In a document called the Carta del Carnaro, D'Annunzio's demented constitution for Fiume, he described the ten guilds and their function in society.
	www.diacritica.com /degenerate/6/dannunzio7.html (612 words)

	Hungarian Declaration of Independence, April 1849
		It was only necessary that it should not envy the Hungarians the moderate share of constitution liberty which they timidly maintained during the difficulties of a thousand years with rare fidelity to their sovereigns, and the house of Hapsburg might long have counted this nation among the most faithful adherents of the throne.
		fortresses in Hungary, enjoining fidelity to the constitution, and obedience to the ministers of Hungary.
		The rebel force occupied Fiume, and disunited it from the kingdom of Hungary, and this irruption was disavowed by the Vienna cabinet, as having been a misunderstanding the furnishing of arms, ammunition, and money to the rebels of Croatia was also declared to have been a misunderstanding.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /~habsweb/sourcetexts/hungind.html (3627 words)

	a stroke of luck [garbage song] fanlisting
		Angered by the proposed handing over of the city of Fiume (now Rijeka in Croatia) at the Paris Peace Conference, on 12 September 1919, he led the seizure by Italian nationalist irregulars of the city, forcing the withdrawal of the inter-Allied (American, British and French) occupying forces.
		D'Annunzio then declared Fiume an independent state (the "Italian Regency of Carnaro") with a constitution foreshadowing much of the later Italian Fascist system, with himself as "Duce" (dictator).
		The constitution established a corporatist state, with nine corporations to represent the different sectors of the economy (workers, employers, professionals), and a tenth (D'Annunzio's invention) to represent the "superior" human beings (heroes, poets, prophets, supermen).
	blossomagique.altervista.org /gabriele/bio.html (1082 words)

	Heathen Harvest - Reviews: Ianva - Disobbedisco! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The city of Fiume now known as the Croatian city of Rijeka was one of these disputed territories.
		The arrival of his armed forces into Fiume instigated a withdrawal of inter-Allied forces and caused an eruption of dissent amidst the allied forces.
		The drama ends with the separation of the lovers during the siege of Fiume and a promise to reunite after the crisis end.
	www.heathenharvest.com /article.php?story=20060110153416543 (1414 words)

	Wikinfo \| Constitution of Fiume (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Outline of a New Constitution for the Free State of Fiume was written by Gabriele D'Annunzio and anarcho-syndicalist Alceste de Ambris and appeared on August 26 1920.
		It is known by the shortened name of the Constitution of Fiume or Carta del Carnaro.
		The Constitution of Fiume influenced Mussolini and the Fascist movement.
	www.wikinfo.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki.php?title=Constitution_of_Fiume (148 words)

	Serbian nationalism from the "Nacertanije" to the Yugoslav Kingdom
		Garasanin was the son of a prosperous merchant, and a leader in the Constitutionalist Party, the wealthy notables, traders, and landowners who held power in the Council (or Senate) created by the Constitution of 1838.
		The voting followed ethnic lines: although the election was fair and democratic, it set a bad precedent because the voting amounted to a tyranny of the majority.
		Prime Minister Pasic secured the votes of forty Slovene and Bosnian Muslim representatives by promising jobs for their co-nationals on the state railways, and the 1921 Constitution passed by a vote of 223 to 35.
	www.lib.msu.edu /sowards/balkan/lect13.htm (4590 words)

	Corporatism - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		Theoretical underpinning came from the medieval traditions of guilds and craft-based economics.
		Gabriele D'Annunzio and anarcho-syndicalist Alceste de Ambris incorporated much of corporative philosophy in their Constitution of Fiume.
		For instance, Austria under the Dollfuß dictatorship had a constitution modelled on that of Italy; but there were also conservative philosophers and/or economists advocating the corporate state, for example Othmar Spann.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=7769 (1374 words)

	Chronology 1922
		Fascists staged a coup in Fiume and overthrew the Free State government.
		Italian troops occupied the free city of Fiume in response to the coup, incorporating the territory under Italian sovereignty.
		The Irish constitution went into effect and the Irish Free State was officially proclaimed.
	www.indiana.edu /~league/1922.htm (2036 words)

	Istria on the Internet - History - World War I - The Fiume Question (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		With a view to approaching to the realization of the reincorporation of Dalmatia, it is necessary that an end shall be put as soon as possible to the present intolerable parliamentary and constitutional political conditions in Croatia and Slavonia, and that such [p.
		Organization of the special institution of a court of constitutional law for the protection of the interests and political rights of the citizens against the arbitrary action of the authorities;
		Ignoring the suburb of Susak, which had 11,000 Yugoslavs and 1,500 Italians, they claimed that the rest of Fiume had 22,488 Italians against 13,351 Yugoslavs and certain others.
	www.istrianet.org /istria/history/ww1/fiume-question1.htm (1003 words)

	Gabriele d'Annunzio: life, works, deeds, reviews, bibliographies, links, newsletter about the great dandy of Italian ...
		September 8th: D'Annunzio approved as new constitution for Fiume the Carnaro Charter, written by the anarchist-trade unionist Alceste De Ambris.
		November 26th: Two days after its expiration Caviglia attacked Fiume; the naval shell Andrea Doria lobbed through the window of d'Annunzio headquarters and the Commandant was softly wounded.
		December 26th: After the fights of 'Natale di Sangue', between regular army and d'Annunzio's legions, the Poet declared the surrender of Fiume with a Messaggio agli Italiani.
	www.gabrieledannunzio.net /english/eroe_1920.htm (132 words)

	The Senate and Ratification
		German-Americans became angry as it became evident that Wilson had given up on his fight to treat Germany leniently; he had held firmly to his vision of the League of Nations and secured recognition of that body in the peace treaty in return for allowing the other Allied powers to extract vengeance on Germany.
		Italian-Americans had generally been pleased when Italy had switched to the Allied side in 1915, but were irate to find that Wilson opposed expansionist plans at Fiume.
		Irish-Americans were unhappy that the president had championed the cause of so many ethnic minorities in Europe, but had failed to embrace Irish independence.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1338.html (1349 words)

	HPV and carcinogenesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The possibility of evolving into direction of malignancy depends on the type of virus, the synergic action with different physical, chemical and biological agents, the genetic constitution of the host and the immune defense mechanism of the host, all of which are able to modify the course of HPV infection.
		In the case of high risk HPV infection and under favorable conditions, the viral genome is integrated into the host genome which is the necessary event for the keratinocytes immortality (4).
		González Intxaurraga, Institute of Dermatology, University of Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara, Strada per Fiume 34149, Trieste, Italy.
	www.mf.uni-lj.si /acta-apa/acta-apa-02-3/derma3-2cl.html (2438 words)

	Corporatism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Catholic theologians decided to formulate this alternative socialism that would emphasize social justice without radical solution of the abolition of private
		Gabriele D'Annunzio and anarcho-syndicalist Alceste de Ambris incorporated much of philisophy in their Constitution of Fiume.
		Berthollet, Chasidic Judaism, Constitution of Chile, Crass, Cave Tetra, Crystallography, Casu modde, Claude Auchinleck, Camilla Hall, Cydney, Clone, Critical psychology, Crossfire, CNO, Cruising, About this article.
	www.freeglossary.com /Corporativism (758 words)

	AEI - Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		His capture of the city of Fiume in 1919, which had been claimed by Italy as part of the settlement before the Versailles Peace Conference, has been popularized and romanticized ever since.
		Ledeen uses information gathered from Italian and American archives and from personal interviews to examine the sixteen months of D'Annunzio's personal rule in Fiume, seeing it as a harbinger of successful mass movements of the twentieth century.
		Virtually the entire ritual of Fascist politics made familiar by Mussolini--the balcony address, the Roman salute, the dramatic dialogues with the crowd, the use of religious symbols in a new secular setting--was influenced by D'Annunzio at Fiume.
	www.aei.org /books/bookID.622,filter.all/book_detail.asp (360 words)

	Russian Federation: Torture and forced "confessions" in detention - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The PFIRSI for suspects under investigation in IK-2 are housed in the punishment block of the colony, some distance from the main barracks.
		Amnesty International has information on around 30 male suspects who were moved there between 2004 and 2006 after they had invoked their constitutional right to silence during the investigation of their case(35).
		Amnesty International collected this information on a six-day visit to Yekaterinburg; the true figure is undoubtedly higher.
	web.amnesty.org /library/index/engeur460562006 (10327 words)

	Charter of Carnaro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His own explicit political ideals emerged in Fiume when he coauthored with anarcho-syndicalist Alceste De Ambris.
		The executive power would be vested in seven ministers (rettori):
		As the Fascist movement came to power in Italy, D'Annunzio moved towards it, and became close with Mussolini.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charter_of_Carnaro (448 words)

	Hutt River Independent
		The Hutt River Independent would in this respect draw the reader’s attention to the statement made by the Foreign Minister of HRPP Prince Arthur W. Casley on the 2.
		“Consistent with the principles of our foreign policy, we recognize Taiwan as one of two sovereign States constituting a divided nation and support its right to self-determination or reunification by mutual agreement between the parties.”
		Prince Leonard has announced the commissioning of Dr. Sir David P. Burkart, General Representative to Florida and the Caribbean Region, as Earl Marshal of Hutt River Province.
	www.angelfire.com /wa3/hri (1275 words)

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