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Topic: Constructivism

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	Constructivism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To constructivism, in the perspective presented, the fact that knowledge is constructed does not imply neither solipsism, nor radical relativism, since the problem of its truth is open to the public, that is, to the community of knowers —be them laymen or scientists.
		For genetic constructivism, one of the main evidences of the quality of a theory is its effectiveness, that is, the fact that it is able to orient the actions of the knowers in order to establish some transformation, or change, in the real.
		As mentioned, for social constructivism, arguments and statements about reality are not liable of evaluation neither by criteria proper of the theory of argumentation, nor by the various logics, because they are the expression of a perception of the actors involved in the research.
	www.vusst.hr /ENCYCLOPAEDIA/constructivism.htm (1288 words)

	Constructivist epistemology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Constructivism is a recent development in philosophy which criticizes essentialism, whether it is in the form of medieval realism, classical rationalism, or empiricism.
		Constructivism views all of our knowledge as "constructed", because it does not reflect any external "transcendent" realities; it is contingent on convention, human perception, and social experience.
		Social constructivism argues that the most optimal learning environment is one where a dynamic interaction between instructors, learners and tasks provides an opportunity for learners to create their own truth due to the interaction with others.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constructivist_epistemology (3888 words)

	CONSTRUCTIVISM IN SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
		Although constructivism began as a theory of learning, it has progressively expanded its dominion, becoming a theory of teaching, a theory of education, a theory of the origin of ideas, and a theory of both personal knowledge and scientific knowledge.
		Constructivism has done a service to science and mathematics education: by alerting teachers to the function of prior learning and extant concepts in the process of learning new material, by stressing the importance of understanding as a goal of science instruction, by fostering pupil engagement in lessons, and other such progressive matters.
		Constructivism has also done a service by making educators aware of the human dimension of science: its fallibility, its connection to culture and interests, the place of convention in scientific theory, the historicity of concepts, the complex procedures of theory appraisal, and much else.
	wwwcsi.unian.it /educa/inglese/matthews.html (8898 words)

	Constructivism - Constructivism Art
		Constructivism was first created in Russia in 1913 when the Russian sculptor Vladimir Tatlin, during his journey to Paris, discovered the works of Braque and Picasso.
		Constructivism was an invention of the Russian avant-garde that found adherents across the continent.
		Theory of constructivism is derived from Russian Suprematism, Dutch Neo Plasticism (De Stijl) and the German Bauhaus.
	www.huntfor.com /arthistory/C20th/constructivism.htm (682 words)

	Epistemological Constructivism
		The importance of constructivism is best understood by comparing it with the opposite, more traditional, approach in epistemology or cognitive science, which sees knowledge as a passive reflection of the external, objective reality.
		Constructivism has its roots in Kant's synthesis of rationalism and empiricism (see Epistemology: introduction), where it is noted that the subject has no direct access to external reality, and can only develop knowledge by using fundamental in-built cognitive principles ("categories") to organize experience.
		In cybernetics, constructivism has been elaborated by Heinz Von Foerster, who noted that the nervous system cannot absolutely distinguish between a perception and a hallucination, since both are merely patterns of neural excitation.
	pespmc1.vub.ac.be /CONSTRUC.html (833 words)

	Math Forum - Constructivism in Mathematics Education
		It's not surprising that constructivism has a strong voice in the current dialogue on math education.
		Given this view, there are many approaches to improving teaching: look for different ways to engage individual students, develop rich environments for exploration, prepare coherent problem sets and challenges that focus the model building effort, elicit and communicate student perceptions and interpretations, and so on.
		The Math Forum is a research and educational enterprise of the Drexel School of Education.
	mathforum.org /mathed/constructivism.html (662 words)

	Constructivism as a Paradigm for Teaching and Learning
		Constructivism modifies that role, so that teachers help students to construct knowledge rather than to reproduce a series of facts.
		Constructivism transforms the student from a passive recipient of information to an active participant in the learning process.
		Constructivism is also often misconstrued as a learning theory that compels students to "reinvent the wheel." In fact, constructivism taps into and triggers the student's innate curiosity about the world and how things work.
	www.thirteen.org /edonline/concept2class/constructivism (715 words)

	[No title]
		The foundational premise of constructivism is that learners actively construct their own knowledge by anchoring new information to preexisting knowledge (Strommen and Lincoln, 1992).
		Constructivism is anchored on cognitive psychology but from a practical perspective has roots in the "progressive" model of John Dewey.
		Constructivism describes a learner-centered environment where knowledge and the making of knowledge is interactive, inductive, and collaborative, where multiple perspectives are represented, and where questions are valued (Brooks and Brooks, 1993; Brown, Collins, and Duguid, 1989; Lebow, 1993).
	disted.tamu.edu /chapter4.htm (1270 words)

	constructivism on Encyclopedia.com
		Constructivism and the Role of the Teacher: Misconstructing Constructivism.
		Constructivism as substitute for memorization in learning: meaning is created by learner.
		CONSTRUCTIVISM [constructivism] Russian art movement founded c.1913 by Vladimir Tatlin, related to the movement known as suprematism.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/c1/construc.asp (294 words)

	Constructivism — UMPERG
		Radical constructivism challenges the notion of an external reality: No amount of stimuli, experience, or thinking is sufficient to prove the existence of an external agent.
		As a theory of epistemology, constructivism plays a central role in cognitive science, a role akin to that of causality for the physical sciences.
		If we base instruction on the principles of constructivism, the role of the teacher is raised from someone who simply dispenses information to someone who structures activities that improve communication, that challenge students' pre-conceived notions, and that help students revise their world-views.
	umperg.physics.umass.edu /perspective/constructivism (702 words)

	Constructivism: From philosophy to practice
		Constructivism does not claim to have made earth-shaking inventions in the area of education; it merely claims to provide a solid conceptual basis for some of the things that, until now, inspired teachers had to do without theoretical foundation.
		Von Glasersfeld describes constructivism as a "theory of knowledge with roots in philosophy, psychology and cybernetics" (p.162).
		Although there are those who will argue that constructivism does not provide a model for implementation, numerous researchers, educators and authors are actively engaged in using constructivist principles to design and implement new learning environments.
	www.cdli.ca /~elmurphy/emurphy/cle.html (645 words)

	Constructivism in learning
		Constructivism is the label given to a set of theories about learning which fall somewhere between cognitive and humanistic views.
		Constructivism — particularly in its "social" forms — suggests that the learner is much more actively involved in a joint enterprise with the teacher of creating ("constructing") new meanings.
		One strand of constructivism may be traced to the writings of John Dewey, who emphasised the place of experience in education.
	www.learningandteaching.info /learning/constructivism.htm (640 words)

	Constructivist Learning Design Paper
		We asked the ten facilitators to answer this question, "What is constructivism?" The results were interesting because all of their definitions were quite different and reflected their own understanding of the term and the text.
		Constructivism represents a paradigm shift from education based on behaviorism to education based on cognitive theory.
		This is the primary message of constructivism; students who are engaged in active learning are making their own meaning and constructing their own knowledge in the process.
	www.prainbow.com /cld/cldp.html (2381 words)

	SEDL - SCIMAST Classroom Compass - Constructing Knowledge in the Classroom
		As a philosophy of learning, constructivism can be traced at least to the eighteenth century and the work of the Neapolitan philosopher Giambattista Vico, who held that humans can only clearly understand what they have themselves constructed.
		Piaget's constructivism is based on his view of the psychological development of children.
		S Vygotsky is also important to constructivism, although his ideas have not always been clear to the English-reading public both because of political constraints and because of mistranslations.
	www.sedl.org /scimath/compass/v01n03/understand.html (625 words)

	Constructivism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		constructivism (art), an artistic movement in Russia from 1914 onward
		"constructivism", an approach to language acquisition in linguistics
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constructivism (91 words)

	constructivism articles on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		constructivism CONSTRUCTIVISM [constructivism] Russian art movement founded c.1913 by Vladimir Tatlin, related to the movement known as suprematism.
		Tatlin, Vladimir TATLIN, VLADIMIR [Tatlin, Vladimir], 1885-1953, Russian painter and sculptor, known as the Father of Russian constructivism.
		While living in Berlin he was one of the founders of constructivism, experimenting with photograms and translucent materials.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/03102.html (411 words)

	A journey into Constructivism - Martin Dougiamas
		Constructivism is a theory, a tool, a lens for examining educational practices.
		Constructivism has been said to be post-epistemological, meaning that it is not another epistemology, or a way of knowing.
		Despite the very fluid nature of constructivism and it's many faces, I now believe that attempting to understand it while simultaneously applying that understanding in a reflective manner promotes the development of influential mental constructs that are useful in the pursuit of more effective communications, teaching and learning.
	dougiamas.com /writing/constructivism.html (14408 words)

	Constructivism and Online Education (Peter E. Doolittle)
		Constructivism is a theory of learning that has roots in both philosophy and psychology.
		The essential core of constructivism is that learners actively construct their own knowledge and meaning from their experiences.
		Thus, constructivism acknowledges the learner's active role in the personal creation of knowledge, the importance of experience (both individual and social) in this knowledge creation process, and the realization that the knowledge created will vary in its degree of validity as an accurate representation of reality.
	edpsychserver.ed.vt.edu /workshops/tohe1999/tohe2.html (305 words)

	Designing Constructivist Lesson Using the 5 E Model
		As a teacher, you know that the implementation of a new philosophy requires an open mind: identify what you perceive to be some of the advantages and disadvantages of adopting the constructivist approach and present this in a visual format.
		Constructivism and the Five E's - Mention of individual researchers associated with constructivism and specifics on each stage.
		Your principal recognizes the time and energy you are dedicating to this project; she has designed a rubric to assess your performance.
	cte.jhu.edu /techacademy/fellows/Ullrich/webquest/mkuindex.html (1470 words)

	Constructivist Learning Theory
		As far as I can see, there is nothing dramatically new in constructivism: the core ideas expressed by it have been clearly enunciated by John Dewey among others, but there is a new, widespread acceptance of this old set of ideas.
		I believe that an important issue for we, as museum educators is to tackle the problem of increasing the time possible for visitors to interact with our exhibits and reflect on them, revisit them (in the mind if not directly) and therefore internalize their messages to us.
		The principles of constructivism, increasingly influential in the organization of classrooms and curricula in schools, can be applied to learning in museums.
	www.exploratorium.edu /IFI/resources/constructivistlearning.html (4139 words)

	Constructivism Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Suprematism and Constructivism were the first movements in art to adopt a purely non-objective approach in the making of artwork, although the abstract ideas of Piet Mondrian and Theo Van Does Burg which led to Neo-Plasticism (de stijl), developed at almost the same time; their early work however remained grounded in real world imagery.
		They felt that art (and therefore Constructivism) had an important function to perform in the mental and social structure of life, and was an indispensible means of expressing the human experience.
		The Constructivism that developed in Europe at this time was not confined to a single group of artists as it had been in Russia, rather its ideas influenced many; the term International Constructivism has been used to describe it.
	users.senet.com.au /~dsmith/constructivism.htm (4057 words)

	Constructivism, Workplace Learning, and Vocational Education. ERIC Digest
		Constructivism, a learning theory that has received support from recent cognitive research, suggests a way to restructure the learning environment that will make transfer more effective.
		The theory of constructivism rests on the notion that there is an innate human drive to make sense of the world.
		Instead of absorbing or passively receiving objective knowledge that is "out there," learners actively construct knowledge by integrating new information and experiences into what they have previously come to understand, revising and reinterpreting old knowledge in order to reconcile it with the new (Billett 1996).
	www.ericdigests.org /1998-1/learning.htm (1881 words)

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