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Topic: Consultative Council of Bahrain

	Bahrain. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Islam is overwhelmingly the religion of Bahrain, with 75% Shiite and 25% Sunni Muslims.
		Bahrain was once a chief center of pearling, but the industry declined in the 20th cent.
		Bahrain was proclaimed a kingdom in 2002, and the Shura was dissolved prior to the assembly elections.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ba/Bahrain.html (935 words)

	Bahrain (11/04)
		Bahrain is one of the most densely populated countries in the Middle East; about 89% of the population lives in the two principal cities of Manama and Al Muharraq.
		Bahrain is a regional financial and business center; international financial institutions operate in Bahrain, both offshore and onshore, without impediments, and the financial sector is currently the second largest contributor to GDP.
		Bahrain's international airport is one of busiest in the Gulf, serving an average of 580 flights a week.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/26414.htm (3835 words)

	Bahrain - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Bahrain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In 1992 the emir appointed a 30-member Shura (consultative council) for a four-year term, and in 1996, the council was expanded to 40 members.
		Bahrain became a sheikdom in 1783 under the control of the Khalifa dynasty.
		In February 2001, in the first referendum since Bahrain's independence from Britain in 1971, the people of Bahrain voted in favour of a charter that would institute a partially-elected parliament, a constitutional monarchy, and an independent judiciary, and grant women political rights.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Bahrain (653 words)

	press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The distance between Hawar islands and the main islands of Bahrain is not a factor in determining the boundaries and sovereignty.
		Bahrain’s legal team is expected to present the case for affirming the sovereignty of the State of Bahrain over Hawar islands, which is being disputed by the State of Qatar.
		Bahrain's ambassador to Switzerland Ahmed Al Haddad, was involved in an scuffle with protestors distributing an article from Le Courrier that questioned whether it was appropriate for Abdul-Aziz Al Khalifa, royal family member and a leading figure in Bahrain's security forces, to head a supposedly independent human rights delegation.
	www.vob.org /english/news-db/news00/jun00.htm (10103 words)

	Welcome to Bahrain Brief
		Although Bahrain is committed to the protection of the individual vis-à-vis the state, it would like issues such as economic inequality, access to housing, healthcare and employment, taken on board the agenda.
		Mr Ragab explained the importance afforded to women’s rights in Bahrain: that women are guaranteed by law the right to education and employment, and in the case of illness, divorce or widowhood, entitled to generous social security allowances.
		Women in Bahrain, through their participation in non-governmental organisations, such as the National Committee for the Abolition of Illiteracy and the National Committee for the Handicapped, are at the forefront of efforts to create the government’s vision of a civil society.
	www.bahrainbrief.com.bh /english/march-issue.htm (1117 words)

	ipedia.com: History of Bahrain Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Bahrain was once part of the ancient civilization of Dilmun and served as an important link in trade routes between Sumeria and the Indus Valley as long as 5,000 years ago.
		In 1996, the Amir increased the membership of the Consultative Council, which he created in 1993, from 30 to 40, to provide advice and opinion on legislation proposed by the cabinet and, in certain cases, suggest new laws on its own.
		Bahrain's small size and central location among Persian Gulf countries require it to play a delicate balancing act in foreign affairs among its larger neighbors.
	www.ipedia.com /history_of_bahrain.html (535 words)

	Amnesty International Report 2002 - Middle East and North Africa - BAHRAIN
		The Ministry's action was taken reportedly in connection with articles that he had written for the foreign press, in which he criticized Bahrain's strong support for the bombing campaign in Afghanistan by the USA and its allies.
		In July, Bahrain submitted its report on implementation of the UN Children's Convention.
		AI delegates visited Bahrain in March and held talks with the Amir, the Crown Prince and government officials.
	web.amnesty.org /web/ar2002.nsf/mde/bahrain!Open (912 words)

	press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Bahrain is home to the U.S. Navy's Fifth Fleet and is proving to be a close ally of the United States as it retaliates against Osama bin Laden and his al Qaeda network in Afghanistan for the Sept. 11 attacks.
		Bahrain already has a Shura or consultative council, whose 40 members are appointed by the emir to advise him.
		Bahrain is undergoing a transitional period and all political forces are preparing themselves for participating in the constitutional political process.
	www.vob.org /english/news-db/news01/oct01.htm (11560 words)

	Bahrain - Atlapedia Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Various winds influence the temperatures and include the Bara from the north, which is a cool wind that sometimes reduces the temperature in June, the Shamal from the northeast which is a moist wind that dominates all year round and the Quss from the south or southwest, which is a hot dry sand laden wind.
		Average temperature ranges on Bahrain are from 14 to 20 degrees Celsius (67 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit) in January to 29 to 38 degrees Celsius (84 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit) in August.
		In 1981 Bahrain became threatened by Iran's claims of sovereignty over the islands through a failed coup which was believed to be linked to Iran and resulted in 73 arrests.
	www.atlapedia.com /online/countries/bahrain.htm (1000 words)

	Bahrain
		Bahrain is a hereditary emirate with few democratic institutions and no political parties.
		The High Council for Islamic Affairs is responsible for the review and approval of all clerical appointments within both the Sunni and Shi'a communities, and it maintains program oversight for all citizens studying religion abroad.
		In December the Government proposed and the Consultative Council approved a law establishing directly elected municipal councils for all five governorates of the country and a second law to regulate the election of council members.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/nea/8246.htm (8879 words)

	Bahrain: Shaikha Sabika to address BBS conference - Zawya.com \| Middle East Business News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		THE Chairperson of the Supreme Council for Women and the Honorary Chairwoman of Bahrain Businesswomen Society (BBS), Her Highness Shaikha Sabika bint Ibrahim Al Khalifa will address the audience at the BBS conference.
		The second speaker of the session will be Member of Bahrain’s Consultative Council Dr Hashim Al Bash, who will speak about the role of political reforms in economic development.
		Dr Abdullah said that the final speaker at the session will be Member of Bahrain’s Consultative Council, Jamal Fakhro, who is expected to talk about the impact of the political reforms on the economic development in Bahrain.
	www.zawya.com /story.cfm?id=ZAWYA20030504071325 (866 words)

	AraBlog reBlog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Schopper states that the Council originally created by UNESCO for the project retains a symbolic presence in the “C” in CERN, which is still governed by a Council with ultimate authority in all scientific, technical and administrative matters.
		For he is in a Bahrain prison cell, where he has been since just before she was born, despite the fact that he has yet to be convicted of any crime.
		Bahrain's elected parliament, scrapped in 1975, was revived in 2002 as part of reforms spearheaded by King Hamad which turned the Gulf state into a constitutional monarchy.
	www.arablog.net /blog/archives/bahrain/index.php (10200 words)

	UNDP-POGAR: Programme on Governance in the Arab Region: Legislature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Palestine - Bylaws of the Palestinian Legislative Council [in Arabic]
		Qatar - Bylaws of the Consultative Council [in Arabic]
		Parliaments may have a legislative or consultative function, or both; and they may be assigned additional powers by the constitution.
	www.undp-pogar.org /themes/legislature.asp (798 words)

	LE - Bahrain - Teacher Page
		Bahrain, a small Arab kingdom in the Middle East, is not often mentioned in U.S. textbooks.
		Bahrain" unit frames those questions for students and offers them clues for further research into a country that — small as it is — has an important role in its region.
		The UN's current Human Development Report, which ranks Bahrain 39th among 173 countries for "high human development," is a good source on quality-of-life trends in contemporary nations.
	www.learningenrichment.org /bahrain_teach.html (1107 words)

	[Islam-Online- Top News]
		MANAMA (AFP) - Five Bahraini women, including a Christian, are set to become members of a 40-strong appointed consultative council for the first time in the Gulf Arab state, newspapers said Tuesday.
		Among the five women is Alice Samaan, a Christian of Iraqi origin, whose family settled in Bahrain in the 19th century.
		Bahrain's elected parliament was dissolved in 1975 for "obstructing the work of government".
	www.islamonline.net /IOL-English/dowalia/news-2000-sep-28/topnews9.asp (330 words)

	Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		1602-1783: Bahrain fell under periodic Persian rule until the Persians were expelled by the Utub tribe whose leading family, the al-Khalifas became the independent sheiks of Bahrain and have ruled to the present.
		The Council was renamed the Cabinet of State, with the Sheik as Prime Minister, in August 1971.
		December 1994: The Bahrain Freedom Movement (BFM), based in London, said that authorities in Bahrain recently arrested scores of people for signing a petition urging the emir to reinstate the dissolved parliament.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/data/bahrainchro.htm (2238 words)

	!!!!!!!Middle East and North Africa Overview !!!!!
		A separate committee was charged with proposing amendments to Bahrain's 1973 constitution, whose provisions governing civil liberties had been effectively suspended by the government since 1975.
		We also continued to defend those who were persecuted for their human rights work and to pressure governments to provide the space to enable them to conduct their work.In February, we appricate the Bahrain, welcoming the release of most of the country's remaining political prisoners prior to a national referendum on proposed political reforms.
		The funds would also be used to improve the capacity and effectiveness of legislatures and elected advisory councils and to assist preparations for fair elections in Morocco and Algeria.
	www.geocities.com /web_desginer/reporteast.html (4331 words)

	Human Rights Watch World Report 2002: Middle East & North Africa: Middle East And North Africa Overview
		In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks on New York and Washington, many in the region and beyond began to focus on the tough security policies of governments in the Middle East and North Africa that have contributed to radicalizing disaffected political activists, leading some of them to move their operations abroad.
		In another positive development, Egypt's prosecutor general rejected on May 23 complaints filed against the well-known feminist writer, Nawal al-Sa'dawi, by a lawyer who called for her to be forcibly divorced from her husband on grounds of her alleged apostasy.
		In February, we published on Bahrain, welcoming the release of most of the country's remaining political prisoners prior to a national referendum on proposed political reforms.
	www.hrw.org /wr2k2/mena.html (6066 words)

	Bahrain law to protect inventors \| Finance and Economy
		The Bahrain consultative council is reviewing a draft law to protect the rights of innovators and inventors, according to the Bahrain Tribune.
		Council members said the idea was not just to protect intellectual property but to encourage more inventions.
		AME Info FZ LLC can not be held liable or responsible in any way for any opinions, suggestions, recommendations or comments made by any of the contributors to the various columns on the AME Info Web site nor do opinions of contributors necessarily reflect those of AME Info FZ LLC.
	www.ameinfo.com /22416.html (532 words)

	Bahrain: Amnesty International's Human Rights Concerns
		DIARY NOTE Bahrain, press briefing: Conference on violence and discrimination against women concludes
		Bahrain: Amnesty International welcomes the release of Abdul Hadi al-Khawaja
		Bahrain: Amnesty International concerned by latest human rights developments
	amnestyusa.org /countries/bahrain/document.do?... (105 words)

	BBC News \| MIDDLE EAST \| Bahrain's opposition attack reform plans
		The main opposition group in Bahrain has dismissed as inadequate the democratic reforms being introduced by the island's government.
		The London-based Bahrain Freedom Movement said plans to make Bahrain's consultative council an elected body fell short of its expectations.
		It said the people of Bahrain wanted the restoration of the law-making Parliament which was abolished in 1975.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/world/middle_east/newsid_772000/772971.stm (143 words)

	Bahrain Religion News - Media Monitoring Service by EIN News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		US military bases in Oman, Qatar and Bahrain and that is in preparation for a...
		Tanty, that was team (Bahrain would have likely been beaten 10-0 at home here and 7-0 in their own...
		WIBC is being held in Bahrain from 10-12 December 2005.
	www.einnews.com /bahrain/newsfeed-BahrainReligion (1121 words)

	GUIDE TO LAW ONLINE: Bahrain
		Constitution of the Kindgom of Bahrain, 2002 (Bahrain) PDF; in Arabic; also available in English
		International Constitutional Law: Bahrain (Universität Bern Institut für Öffentliches Recht) provides the Constitution of 1973 and the 2001 National Charter in English; with background notes
		Bahrain: Rule of Law - Judiciary (United Nations Developement Programme - Programme on Governance in the Arab Region)
	www.loc.gov /law/guide/bahrain.html (242 words)

	GULFWIRE DIGEST #201 - JUNE 16, 2003 - INFORMATION AND INSIGHT ON GULF AFFAIRS
		"Bahrain had a fl weekend on the roads, with 119 accidents, one of them fatal, in one day.
		"Bahrain is launching an all-out campaign to keep people out of hospital, by preventing illness and injury where possible.
		This is in addition to other projects currently underway in the kingdom which are worth over BD300 (US$796) million, many of which are expected to be handed over by the ministry within the next few months..." Complete report...
	www.arabialink.com /Archive/GWDigests/GWD2003/GWD_2003_06_16.htm (4868 words)

	Gulf Cooperation Council holds talks on consultative council
		The six-member preparatory committee held in Doha the capital of Qatar on September 3 its first deliberation to discuss the statutes of formulating a 30-member consultative council for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
		Al Hujailan said that standing orders to coordinate contacts among the consultative council, the GCC's general secretariat and the supreme council were among the key points of the proposal.
		Denying he would chair the council, he pointed out that the presidency of the council would rotate among the GCC member countries: Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Qatar and Bahrain.
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/970904/1997090436.html (237 words)

	Women making history today \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In Qatar, women were allowed to vote and run for office in the country's first municipal elections last March.
		Oman's emir last year allowed two women to sit on the Consultative Council, while Bahrain selected its first woman ambassador.
		But women are so untested in politics in the Arab world that they often don't vote for each other when they are able, such as in the Qatar election last year.
	csmonitor.com /atcsmonitor/specials/women/rights/rights080800.html (2114 words)

	A Spiritual Travelogue of Pramukh Swami Maharaj - 1 to 25 April, 2001
		Mohammed Ali Dadabai - member of the consultative council of Bahrain and Mr.
		After the welcome formalities by the Prime Minister and his cabinet ministers, namely, Minister of Foreign affairs, Cabinet Affairs, Information and Broadcasting, Interior, State, Environment and Housing; a dialogue, with Brahmavihari Swami as the interpreter, took place between the Sheikh and Swamishri.
		I know you have been received and honored by many leaders throughout the world, and are held in high respect.
	www.swaminarayan.org /vicharan/2001/04/01 (2807 words)

	Muslim Communities in Europe: Britain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		He is a regular trainer on national chaplaincy courses and was elected to the Council of the College of Healthcare Chaplains in 2003.
		Dr El-Affendi is a member of the Consultative Council of the Arab Human Rights Organisation in the UK, and a trustee of the International Forum for Islamic Dialogue.
		Professor Gatrad is consultant pediatrician at the Manor Hospital in Walsall, West Midlands and well-known for co-authoring (with Professor Aziz Shaikh) 'Caring for Muslim Patients' (Radcliffe Medical Press).
	www.salaam.co.uk /themeofthemonth/september03_index.php?l=9 (10551 words)

	Bahrain News - Media Monitoring Service by EIN News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Riots in Bahrain After Reports of Sexual Abuse of Activist Moussa Abdaali
		Bahrain arrests 15 youths after clashes over jobs
		High level, regional symposium on Basel II held in Bahrain
	www.einnews.com /bahrain (416 words)

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