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	Celtic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Celtic languages are the languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic", a branch of the greater Indo-European language family.
		Today, Celtic languages are now limited to a few areas in the British Isles, eastern Canada, Patagonia, scattered groups in the United States and Australia, and on the peninsula of Brittany in France.
		Within the Indo-European family, the Celtic languages have sometimes been placed with the Italic languages in a common Italo-Celtic subfamily, a hypothesis that is now largely discarded, in favour of the assumption of language contact between pre-Celtic and pre-Italic communities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Celtic_languages (1058 words)

	celtic languages - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Celtic languages are a branch of the Indo-European languages.
		Some elements of Breton may originate in the Continental Celtic languages, however these would have the status of borrowings, much like Gaulish borrowings in French.) There are legitimate scholarly arguments in favour of both the Insular Celtic hypothesis and the P-Celtic hypothesis.
		When referring only to the modern Celtic languages, 'Q-Celtic' and 'P-Celtic' may be taken as synonymous with Goidelic and Brythonic, respectively (although this terminology usually implies acceptance of the overall P-Celtic hypothesis).
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/Celtic-languages (667 words)

	Celtic languages. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Today the Celtic languages that have survived into the modern era are limited almost entirely to the British Isles and French Brittany, where these tongues are spoken by a total of about 2 million people.
		Continental Celtic, which includes all Celtic idioms on the Continent with the exception of Breton, died out following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the late 5th cent.
		All the modern Goidelic tongues are descendants of the ancient Celtic speech of Ireland.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ce/Celticla.html (1068 words)

	Labara: Introduction to the Celtic Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Celtic language is considered by scholars and the modern pan-Celtic movement to be the central, defining criterion of Celtic culture and identity, and few would deny that the chief inspirations of Celtic Paganism and Druidism are the flower of cultures that are indeed Celtic by that definition.
		Celtic languages are part of the Indo-European family of languages just as English is, but belong to an entirely different branch of this family - the Celtic branch - and are more different from English than German or French.
		A Celtic language may be briefly defined as any of a group of languages which are organically and directly related to the language of these people.
	www.keltria.org /journal/labara1.htm (2874 words)

	Insular Celtic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Brythonic languages (of which the modern descendants are Breton, Cornish and Welsh).
		It therefore also refers to the notion that the Brythonic and Goidelic languages evolved together in those islands, having a common ancestor more recent than any shared with the Continental Celtic languages (Celtiberian, Gaulish and Lepontic among others, all of which are long extinct).
		They assert that a partition that lumps the Brythonic languages and Gaulish (P-Celtic) on one side and the Goidelic languages with Celtiberian (Q-Celtic) on the other may be a superficial one, as the identical sound shift (Q to P) could have occurred independently in the predecessors of Gaulish and Brythonic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Insular_Celtic_languages (225 words)

	Celtic languages on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Celtic inscriptions from Gaul and Britain.(Textes Gallo-Latins sur instrumentum)(The Celtic Inscript...
		Twilight of the Celts; Throughout Europe, the centuries-old Celtic languages are dying out, buried beneath a linguistic form of globalisation.
		Celtic Warrior - Interview: Huw Edwards; In a frank interview the BBC Six O'Clock News presenter Huw Edwards tells Mario Basini that it is the failure of Welsh-speaking parents to pass the language on to their children that is endangering it.(Features)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/Celticla_Brythonic.asp (1408 words)

	Celtic languages - Gurupedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		These languages were once spoken on the European mainland.
		Insular -- Celtic languages spoken in the British Isles.
		The division into "Continental" and "Insular" may not be genetically correct, since the distinction between P and Q languages is found among the "Continental" languages as well: Celtiberian is Q-Celtic, while Gaulish and the other Continental Celtic languages are P-Celtic.
	www.gurupedia.com /c/ce/celtic_language.htm (404 words)

	Celtic languages - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Today, Celtic languages are now limited to a few enclaves in the British Isles, eastern Canada, Patagonia, scattered groups in the United States and Australia, and on the peninsula of Brittany in France.
		When referring only to the modern Celtic languages, "Q-Celtic" and "P-Celtic" may be taken as synonymous with Goidelic and Brythonic, respectively (although this terminology usually implies acceptance of the overall Q-Celtic/P-Celtic hypothesis).
		Within the Indo-European family, the Celtic languages have sometimes been placed with the Italic languages in a common Italo-Celtic subfamily, a hypothesis that is now largely obsolete.
	celticlanguages.quickseek.com (2025 words)

	Celtic Languages - missgien.net
		Celtic Languages belong to the subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages.
		The Goidelic and Brythonic groups of Celtic languages differ in that Goidelic preserves the velar element of the Indo-European labiovelar qu sound (later written c), whereas Brythonic renders this sound as p.
		The rules of pronunciation in all the Celtic languages are extremely complicated; the spelling generally does not correspond to the pronunciation, and initial consonants change according to the final sound of the preceding word.
	www.missgien.net /celtic/languages.html (314 words)

	LABARA - talking about Celtic language
		But when a community changes its language, the result is not a development within a culture, but a distinct cultural break - the old worldview and self-concept is lost, as well as the more obvious loss of contact with literary and oral tradition and heritage.
		Recognising the essential role of language to the life and spirit of cultures, they are talking about Celtic language speakers and their cultures.
		Manx, or Gailck, is the Celtic language of the Isle of Man. It is likely that here, as in Scotland, the native Irish colonists arrived around the fifth century CE and found a principally Brythonic-speaking population.
	www.summerlands.com /crossroads/celticlanguage/labara1.html (2642 words)

	Celtic languages
		Celtic languages: Bibliography - Bibliography See H. Lewis and H. Pedersen, A Concise Comparative Celtic Grammar (1937); K. Celtic languages: Pronunciation and Grammar - Pronunciation and Grammar The rules of pronunciation for all the Celtic languages are extremely...
		Celtic languages: Goidelic - Goidelic The third group of the Celtic subfamily is Goidelic, to which Irish (also called Irish...
		Celtic languages: Continental Celtic - Continental Celtic Continental Celtic, which includes all Celtic idioms on the Continent with the...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/society/A0811065.html (248 words)

	Celtic languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The division into and "Insular" may not be genetically correct the distinction between P and Q languages found among the "Continental" languages as well: is Q-Celtic while Gaulish and the other Celtic languages are P-Celtic.
		Alternatively the Celtic languages may be as having two branches: Q-Celtic and P-Celtic with both "Continental" and "Insular" members.
		Within the Indo-European family the Celtic languages have traditionally placed with the Italic languages in a common Celto-Italic (or Italo-Celtic) subfamily.
	www.freeglossary.com /Celtic_language (729 words)

	Celtic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Welsh, called Cymraeg or Cymric (from Cymru, “Wales”) by its speakers, is the native language of Wales and the most flourishing of the Celtic languages.
		Originally a highly inflected language, Irish retains essentially two noun cases, nominative and genitive, with the dative surviving in the singular of feminine nouns; the language has only two verb tenses in the indicative mood.
		The language of the Isle of Man is classed as a dialect of Scottish Gaelic, with strong Norse influence.
	homepages.enterprise.net /aodh/mfl/html/celtic.html (1107 words)

	[No title]
		The Celtic languages, members of the family of Indo-European Languages, disappeared from continental Europe in the late 5th century, but they are still spoken by many people in the British Isles and in Brittany.
		Continental Celtic, or Gaulish, is preserved mainly in brief inscriptions.
		In general, the inflection of both the noun and verb is greatly simplified, as it is in Manx, the extinct language of the Isle of Man, first written down early in the 17th century and differing sharply from Irish in its treatment of intervocalic consonants.
	www.boudicca.de /langcelt.htm (596 words)

	LINGUIST List 14.2457: Language Description: Ball & Fife, eds. (2002)
		One of the key issues for the modern Celtic languages is that numbers of speakers have been dwindling over the centuries; although there have been active attempts to revitalize each of the languages in the 20th-21st centuries, none of these languages are what linguists would call ''secure''.
		The last article of the Historical Aspects section by Karl Horst Schmidt is on ''Insular Celtic'', a term commonly used to refer to the group of Goedelic and Brythonic languages which represent the families of the surviving Celtic languages.
		Each of the chapters provides a chronology of language decline, detailed maps showing location of modern speakers, charts of census data, attitudes of residents towards attempts to increase usage of Celtic languages and a listing of situations in which a particular Celtic language may be used.
	www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de /linguist/issues/14/14-2457.html (1475 words)

	The Celtic Languages
		The Celtic languages are a group of languages in the Indo-European family.
		The Celtic family of languages is divided into two branches, the Insular Celtic languages, and the Continental Celtic languages.
		The Goidelic languages are Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic, and Manx.
	www.digitalmedievalist.com /faqs/langfaq.html (605 words)

	Celtic languages
		Branch of the Indo-European language family spoken across a broad area of W and central Europe by the Celts in pre-Roman and Roman times, now confined to small coastal areas of NW Europe.
		Celtic can be divided into a continental group of languages (all extinct) and an insular group.
		The Cornish Language Centre An Introduction to the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall
	www.syllabos.com /argmese/lingue_celtiche-en.html (332 words)

	An Introduction to Celtic Languages
		Celtic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family.
		Gaulish is also considered a P-Celtic language, although it is on the same level as Goidelic and Brythonic in the Celtic family tree.
		It is the only Continental Celtic language mentioned here, as the others are all considered Insular Celtic (even Breton, which actually originated in Southwestern England).
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/celtic_internet_resources/56290 (485 words)

	Celtic Languages
		Of all the branches of the languages perhaps the least retained today is Galatian.
		Irish, Scots Gaelic, and Manx belong to the language grouping known as "Q-Celtic" while Welsh, Cornish and Breton belong to the "P-Celtic".
		It is most generally regarded that the "P Celtic" speaking people were Continental Celts, where as the "Q Celt" speakers were more likely to hav come from Italy, Cisalpine Gaul and the Ibernian peninsula.
	www.queenmedbencampment.org /antarbh/language.html (387 words)

	celtlang
		Welsh, called Cymraeg or Cymric (from Cymru, "Wales") by its speakers, it is native language of Wales and the most flourishing of the Celtic languages.It is spoken in Wales (where the majority of its users also speak English) and in some communities in the U.S. and Argentina.
		Originally a highly inflected language, Irish retains essetially two noun cases, nominative and genitive with the dative surviving in the singular of feminine nouns;the language has only two verb tenses in the indicative mood.
		It is cheifly spoken in the western and southwestern parts of the Republic of Ireland, where it is an official language, and to some extent in Northern Ireland.
	www.geocities.com /rix_52bc/celtlang.html (845 words)

	Celtic Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The languages of the Celts belong to the great Indo-European family of languages, which also includes Anatolian, Hellenic, Italic, Illyrian, Slavonic, Baltic, Germanic, Armenian, Indo-Iranian, and Tocharian.
		Celtic scholars have supposed this common Celtic may have been spoken just before the start of the first millennium B.C.E. during the Urnfield/Hallstatt eras.
		However, when the insular Celts of Britain and Ireland began to put their knowledge into written form in the Christian era it was not too late to form a perspective, bearing in mind the cultural changes from early times.
	celticcorner.com /language.html (743 words)

	Celtic Astrology -- Early Irish Astrology: An Historical Argument by Peter Berresford Ellis
		The famous 1st Century BC Coligny Calendar, once thought to be the most extensive document in a Celtic language but now surpassed by other fascinating discoveries, has been dated to its original computation, by its astronomical observations and calculations.
		Boudi and the stem budh appear in all the Celtic languages.
		One point cannot be over stressed; that this long and rich tradition of Celtic astrology has been sadly neglected and, albeit perhaps unwittingly, suppressed by those who would prefer to follow the fantasies and inventions of Robert Graves and his 'tree zodiac'.
	cura.free.fr /xv/11ellis1.html (3750 words)

	Celtic Languages
		These languages are geographically and historically, divided into two sub-groups: a Continental group (now extinct) and an Insular group.
		The Insular languages fall into two groups: the Brythonic (or British), including Breton, Cornish, and Welsh; and the Gaelic (or Goidelic), including Irish, Scottish Gaelic (or Erse), and Manx.The characteristic of Celtic languages that most distinguishes them from other Indo-European linguistic groups is their loss of the original Indo-European sound p.
		Manx, the language of the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea is classified as a dialect of Scottish Gaelic, with strong Norse influence.
	www.celticgrounds.com /chapters/c-language.htm (328 words)

	Irish Language
		The Celtic language family is made up of the extinct Continental Celtic languages (consisting of Celtiberian, Gaulish, Lepontic, and Galatian), and the Insular Celtic languages of the so-called British Isles.
		This group of Irish patriots sought to assist the embattled language and its rich cultural associations against the continuing pressure of English, a pressure that began to be felt in Ireland as early as the twelfth century with the arrival of the Anglo-Norman invasion.
		Despite the fact that Irish is the first official language of the Republic of Ireland, most Irish people have only a nodding acquaintance with genuine daily fluency in their native tongue, and Ireland is far from a monoglot country.
	www.celtictraveler.com /Irish_language-4.html (643 words)

	Celtic Malts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The six modern Celtic languages are split by linguists in two groups: Goidelic (sometimes called q-Celtic) and Brythonic (p-Celtic).
		The Continental Celtic languages of which we know a little bit, and which have been partly reconstructed are Gaulish (spoken in France; extinct 1500 years ago), Celtiberian (spoken on the Iberian peninsula; extinct around 2000 years) and Lepontic (spoken in northern Italy; the oldest known Celtic language).
		To me, it seems as if both languages took the word straight from English and that again suggests a lack of a long history of distilling in these regions.
	www.celticmalts.com /journal-a36.htm (1123 words)

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