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Topic: Continental slope

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	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent, which is covered during interglacial periods such as the current epoch by relatively shallow seas (known as shelf seas) and gulfs.
		Though the continental shelf is treated as a physiographic province of the ocean, it is not part of the deep ocean basin proper, but the flooded margins of the continent.
		The pelagic (water column) environment of the continental shelf constitutes the neritic zone, and the benthic (sea floor) province of the shelf is the sublittoral zone.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=continental_slope (797 words)

	Continental shelf - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent, which is covered during interglacial periods such as the one we live in by relatively shallow seas and gulfs.
		Along the continental shelves sediment is carried from erosion of the land.
		Sovereign rights over their continental shelves were claimed by the marine nations that signed the Convention on the Continental Shelf drawn up by the UN's International Law Commission in 1958, [1] partly superseded by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Continental_slope (396 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Slope
		The world's combined continental slope is about 200,000 mi (300,000 km) long and descends at an average angle of about 4 from the edge of the continental shelf to the beginning of the ocean basins at depths of 330–10,500 ft (100–3,200 m).
		In analytic geometry, the slope of any line, ray, or line segment is the ratio of the vertical to the horizontal distance between any two points on it ('slope equals rise over run In differential calculus, the slope of a line...
		Hill slope effects on the vertical fluxes of photosynthetically fixed [sup.14]C in a grazed pasture.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Slope (927 words)

	Ocean Regions: Ocean Floor - Continental Margin & Rise
		This shelf is relatively shallow, tens of meters deep compared to the thousands of meters deep in the open ocean, and extends outward to the continental slope where the deep ocean truly begins.
		The continental slope connects the continental shelf and the oceanic crust.
		The continental slope, which is still considered part of the continent, together with the continental shelf is called the continental margin.
	www.onr.navy.mil /focus/ocean/regions/oceanfloor2.htm (273 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search Results - Continental Slope
		Continental Slope, steep slope that connects the shallow continental shelf with the ocean floor.
		The slope is heavily indented with submarine canyons...
		Free-swimming fish and other animals are found in greatest abundance in the relatively shallow and well-lit strata of water above the continental...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Continental_Slope.html (91 words)

	American Scientist Online - Internal Tides and the Continental Slope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Before you is the continental slope, which descends some 3 kilometers vertically as it ramps downward toward the abyssal ocean floor.
		Yet some 80 percent of the continental slopes around the world dip downward at less than 8 degrees, and their average incline is only about 3 degrees.
		For one, the slope near northern California is part of a narrow continental margin, which is located along the boundary between two tectonic plates that are colliding into each other.
	www.americanscientist.org /template/AssetDetail/assetid/31306/page/2?&print=yes&print=yes&print=yes (3636 words)

	Publications : Mark F. Baumgartner : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)
		Physical habitat of cetaceans along the continental slope in the north-central and western Gulf of Mexico.
		The physical habitat of cetaceans found along the continental slope in the north-central and western Gulf of Mexico was characterized from shipboard sighting data, simultaneous hydrographic measurements, and satellite remote sensing.
		A bivariate analysis of the shipboard data indicated that Risso's dolphins utilize the steep sections of the upper continental slope in the northern Gulf of Mexico.
	www.whoi.edu /sbl/liteSite.do?litesiteid=5252&articleId=9906 (3671 words)

	ABSTRACT: Continental slope sedimentation adjacent to an ice margin.III. The upper Labrador Slope. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The upper Labrador Slope is the key area for sediment transfer from the northeastern margin of the Pleistocene Laurentide ice sheets (LIS) to the deep basin.
		Law-relief slope sectors represent debrite and turbidite slopes and are located in front of ice-outlets on the slope and adjacent regions to the north.
		They originate from mass wasting on the upper slope of glacial detritus with a significant coarse component originally delivered as englacial or subglacial material and deposited in (end-) moraines or as bedload by subglacial or supraglacial rivers.
	cgrg.geog.uvic.ca /abstracts/HesseContinentalThe1999.html (279 words)

	DIALOG Dissertation Abstracts
		The central position of the krill in the shelf food web was demonstrated in the summer of 1988/89 when warm waters from an anti El Nino event flushed the shelf resulting in the disappearance of the krill and the subsequent collapse of the jack mackerel fishery.
		Over the continental slope a suite of myctophid species dominated the water column.
		Offshore, a more diverse community of midwater fishes was identified, which, although similar among the different water masses, was significantly different in the surface waters of the East Australia Current, the result of a relative increase in species of subtropical origin.
	www.aslo.org /phd/dialog/199812-5.html (828 words)

	Geological Society of America - Highlights from Geology & GSA Today
		Topics include: new synthesis of the clathrate gun hypothesis, continental slope failure, and climate change; recent insights into the Three Sisters magmatic intrusion (central Oregon); and elimination of the "time-rock" dimension of the geologic time scale.
		New Pb isotope data show that the Australian continental crust is an important geochemical source for volcanism in the collision area.
		Glacial-period slope failures occur mainly in the low latitudes and are associated with lowering sea level.
	www.geosociety.org /news/pr/04-01.htm (2510 words)

	Quia - Earth's Oceans
		part of the continental margin at the edge of a continental shelf where the ocean floore plunges steeply 4-5 km
		part of a continental margin that separates a continental slope from the ocean floor
		a continental margin consists of a ___ ___, a ___ ___, and a ____ ___.
	www.quia.com /jg/72196list.html (366 words)

	3.15 Gravity Plume On a Continental Slope
		The cold dense water is mixed with ambient water as it accelerates down the slope and hence is warmed than the unmixed plume.
		One example of such a flow is a non-rotating gravity plume on a continental slope, forced by a limited area of surface cooling above a continental shelf.
		is the depth of the dense fluid on the slope.
	dev.mitgcm.org /r2_web_testing/latest/online_documents/node143.html (475 words)

	Journal of Physical Oceanography: Vol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		For example, near a mode 2 resonance the signal is a maximum near the coast with a secondary maximum on the continental slope, near the shelf break.
		This amplification is in stark contrast to the solution forced by a signal which is either stationary or moving in a direction opposite to that in which the free modes propagate, which simply fall away from their maximum values offshore, resulting in weak coastal circulations.
		Bottom friction affects the free continental shelf waves in three ways: their phase speeds are reduced, they decay with time and their altered structures exhibit phase differences across the continental margin whereby the flow nearshore leads that offshore in time.
	www.bom.gov.au /bmrc/clfor/cfstaff/sbp/abstracts/JPO_FCSW2.htm (361 words)

	Validation of the national demersal fish datasets for the regionalisation of the Australian continental slope and outer ...
		In the present study, three biomes were identified on the continental slope (upper slope, mid-upper slope and mid-slope), as well as an ill-defined unit on the outer continental shelf.
		Biomic patterns on the continental shelf determined by other studies were unclear, and the data will need to be combined with coastal data in a more comprehensive analysis.
		Beyond the continental slope (ie, deeper than 2000 m), where the fauna is not well known but thought to become more homogeneous, geological data will be needed as surrogates for the biota.
	www.environment.gov.au /coasts/mbp/publications/nmb-fish-report.html (1174 words)

	China to Invest in "Combustible Ice" As New Energy Source, Bringing Potential Environmental Threats \| ...
		It is normally found in continental slope areas and beneath high-latitude permafrost.
		The total organic carbon reserve in combustible ice is estimated to be two times that contained in today’s known coal, oil, and natural gas reserves, and the resource has the potential to supply thousands of years of human energy needs.
		To date, China has discovered combustible ice reserves in the northern continental slope and Nansha Trough areas of the South China Sea, and the continental slopes in the East China Sea.
	www.worldwatch.org /node/4513 (617 words)

	EUROSTRATAFORM STUDY AREAS
		The western Iberian margin is characterised by a narrow shelf adjacent to a steep iregular slope, with intense wind-induced summer upwelling occurring at the shelf edge.
		Along the continental slope, all Portuguese margins interact with a northward-flowing bottom current derived from the Mediterranean.
		The Andøya Canyon is located on the continental slope of northern Norway where the shelf is very narrow, and it is deeply incised into the continental shelf and slope.
	www.soc.soton.ac.uk /gg/EUROSTRATAFORM/study_areas.html (779 words)

	Continental Slope Innovative Foundations - Geological Oceanography Support
		The first two years of this project were involved in amassing all data pertaining to the physiography of the continental margin off Texas and Louisiana.
		The work of GERG at TAMU and LSU on gas seeps, gas hydrates and chemosynthetics on the Texas and Louisiana continental margin supplies a unique environmental and geological data set that will be useful to OTRC goals.
		We have a Bathymetric data base relating to the northwest continental margin of the Gulf of Mexico that equals or exceeds that of any private or governmental organization.
	otrc.tamu.edu /Pages/currentbryant.html (698 words)

	e-Prints Soton - RRS Discovery cruise 217, 27 Sep - 22 Oct 1995. The biology, chemistry and physics of the Goban Spur ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The biology, chemistry and physics of the Goban Spur on the European continental slope of the northeast Atlantic.
		Discovery Cruise 217 was one of a series of cruises to the continental slope southwest of the UK in support of an EC MAST programme "OMEX" *Ocean Margin Exchange).
		Discovery 217 focused primarily on the biological and chemical processes of the upper water column and the flux of particulate material associated with scientific equipment and significant losses of time due to poor weather, most of the original objectives were successfully met and the results will make a major contribution to the overall programme.
	eprints.soton.ac.uk /197 (329 words)

	Separation of a midlevel density current from the bottom of a continental slope -- Stern 96 (4): 1206 -- Proceedings of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The lateral separation from the continental slope of large-scale currents such as the Gulf Stream and the Mediterranean Outflow
		The role of topographic slope for eddy formation and separation appears in many numerical model studies.
		of the upstream current lying above the continental slope that is deflected offshore (cf.
	intl.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/4/1206 (2462 words)

	Deepwater Program: Northern Gulf of Mexico Continental Slope Habitats and Benthic Ecology Study (GM-99-02) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In contrast, the topography, geology, geophysics, currents, chemistry, and biota of the continental slope are somewhat less well known.
		An MMS-sponsored study, the Northern Gulf of Mexico Continental Slope Study (NGOMCS), concentrated on the geologic features, water masses, chemistry, and biologic communities of the northern Gulf from the 300-m isobath to abyssal depths.
		This study is reinvestigating the habitats and communities of the continental slope with a more modern understanding of its environmental (especially geological and geochemical) complexity.
	www.gomr.mms.gov /homepg/regulate/environ/ongoing_studies/gm/GM-99-02.html (1448 words)

	::Simon Lee:: Sedimentary Processes Recorded By Continental Slope Morphology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Quantitative analysis of the Los Angeles bathymetry reveals that as the Borderland Slope steepens, the aspect ratio (width:depth) and the spacing of channels become progressively restricted to a narrow range of low values.
		Strong correlation of channel thalweg and Borderland Slope gradients indicates that channel gradient is principally controlled by local tectonics.
		Quantitative and predictive models of sedimentary processes on continental slopes are urgently needed as petroleum exploration beyond the shelf edge becomes progressively more important.
	pc10.gly.bris.ac.uk /seds/Simon/index.html (882 words)

	IngentaConnect Palaeo-ice streams, trough mouth fans and high-latitude continent... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The classical model of trough mouth fan (TMF) formation was developed in the Polar North Atlantic to explain large submarine fans situated in front of bathymetric troughs that extend across continental shelves to the shelf break.
		This model emphasizes the delivery of large volumes of subglacial sediment to the termini of ice streams flowing along troughs, and subsequent re-deposition of this glacigenic sediment down the continental slope via debris-flow processes.
		However, there is considerable variation in terms of the morphology and large-scale sediment architecture of continental slopes in front of palaeo-ice streams.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/tandf/sbor/2003/00000032/00000001/art00004 (309 words)

	Glossary of Terms: C (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Thick layers of sediment found between the continental slope the ocean floor.
		Shallow submerged margin of the continents that lies between the edge of the shoreline and the continental slope.
		Steeply sloping portion of continental crust found between the continental shelf and continental rise.
	www.geog.ouc.bc.ca /conted/onlinecourses/enviroglos/c.html (2775 words)

	OFR 93-298: Farallones - USGS WR CMG
		bathymetric base, on a portion of the continental slope in the Gulf of the Farallones, central California.
		Seafloor declivity is the slope of the seafloor measured from horizontal.
		Values of declivity were calculated for each 250-m grid node, then color-coded to represent declivity values that fall within 5-degree intervals, except for the shallowest slopes, which were subdivided into slopes less than 2 degrees and slopes from 2 to 5 degrees.
	walrus.wr.usgs.gov /reports/ofr93-298 (655 words)

	Interaction of an Eddy with a Continental Slope - Storming Media (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It is seen that the multiple anticyclonic eddy-slope interactions strongly affect the total cross-slope volume transport and the evolution of both the original anticyclone and the topographic eddy.
		Since a cyclone is trapped at the slope and eventually moves on to the slope, it is most effective in causing perturbation on the shelf and slope.
		The responses on the shelf and slope are mainly wavelike with dispersion relation obeying that of the free shelf-trapped wave modes.
	www.stormingmedia.us /05/0551/A055162.html (329 words)

	Deepwater: Geology Overview
		our knowledge of processes on the continental slope in the northern Gulf of Mexico was so limited that it was viewed simply as an accreting sedimentary structure.
		The slope is also marked by huge troughs or canyons cutting across the slope.
		On the shorter scale, this long-term complex is greatly modified by erosion, mass movement, and fluid expulsion.
	www.mms.gov /eppd/sciences/esp/programs/deepwater/geo.htm (331 words)

	An Interim Bioregionalisation for the continental slope and deeper waters of the South-East Marine Region of Australia
		An Interim Bioregionalisation for the continental slope and deeper waters of the South-East Marine Region of Australia
		Both provincial regionalisations cover the area from the territorial baseline to the edge of the continental shelf (defined as the 200 m isobath).
		Download An Interim Bioregionalisation for the continental slope and deeper waters of the South-East Marine Region of Australia (se-bioregionalisation.pdf 854 KB)
	www.environment.gov.au /coasts/mbp/publications/se-bioregionalisation.html (882 words)

	Seamount coral reefs of Tasmania: Community structure, impacts of trawling, and conservation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A field of ~70 small seamounts, with peaks at 660 to 1,700 m depth, is found on the continental slope south of Tasmania.
		The average benthic biomass of dredge samples from unfished seamounts was 106% greater than from heavily fished seamounts, and the number of species per sample was 46% greater.
		Most species had a broad-depth distribution, and those restricted to the shallowest or deepest depths tended to co-occur on the continental slope.
	www.mbari.org /seminars/1999/sep22_koslow.html (340 words)

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