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Topic: Continuous phase modulation

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	Modulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Modulation is the process of varying a carrier signal, typically a sinusoidal signal, in order to use that signal to convey information.
		A device that performs modulation is known as a modulator and a device that performs the inverse operation of demodulation is known as a demodulator.
		In digital modulation, the changes in the signal are chosen from a fixed list (the modulation alphabet) each entry of which conveys a different possible piece of information (a symbol).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Modulation (784 words)

	[No title]
		This method is based on controlling a phase shifter, at a subharmonic of the desired output carrier frequency, and then using a frequency multiplier to obtain the desired output frequency.
		The subtle part of this nonlinear operation is that the multiplier also multiplies the instantaneous phase of the phase shifter output signal by 'N', thus expanding the linear phase* shift range to the required 360 degrees.
		In addition to direct continuous phase modulation, the proposed method is also suitable for a wide variety of transceiver applications, including phase synchronization of antenna and oscillator arrays, phased array antenna beam steering, indirect frequency modulation, and ultra-small carrier frequency translation.
	library.usask.ca /theses/available/etd-10212004-000946 (368 words)

	Data aided carrier phase tracking system for precoded continuous phase modulated signals - Patent 6771713
		Carrier phase tracking loops are used for demodulating the received signal by tracking the carrier phase, and symbol time tracking loops are used for synchronized sampling of Laurent matched filter signals for generating the data samples that used to generate estimates of the transmitted bit stream using trellis demodulation.
		The parameter h is the modulation index, f(t) is the pulse response of the smoothing filter in the CPM modulator, and g(t) is the CPM phase response defined in terms of the f(t) pulse response.
		For a CPM modulation index of h=0.5, the data stream is precoded into a data stream d.sub.k fed into the data modulator having an input symbol stream.alpha..sub.k with.alpha..sub.k =(-1).sup.k d.sub.k-1 d.sub.k.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6771713.html (6046 words)

	Modulation Basics
		A typical spectrum of a digital signal consists of a main lobe, centered on the carrier frequency, where the majority of the signal power is contained, and sidelobes, where the remaining signal power is contained.
		Binary phase-shift keying takes each input bit individually and chooses one of two possible phases to represent that bit value—so for example, to send a "0," a phase of 0 degrees might be chosen, and to send a "1," a phase of 180 degrees might be chosen.
		The phase separation for binary phase-shift keying, for example, is 360/2 or 180 degrees.
	www.aero.org /publications/crosslink/winter2002/03_sidebar2.html (609 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		METHOD AND AN ARRANGEMENT FOR MODULATING A SIGNAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for modulating a signal, the method using continuous phase modulation and comprising coding and fre- quency modulation of a signal to be transmitted.
		The invention further relates to an arrangement for modulating a signal to be transmitted by M-level continuous phase modulation, wherein M can obtain values (2,4,8..) and the symbols to be transmitted comprise more than one bit, the arrangement comprising a coder and a frequency modulator.
		The invention allows continuous phase modulation to be imple- mented, which enables efficient frequency spectrum utilization and a relatively simple receiver structure compared with coded CPM methods, for example.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/55048.000203&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2892 words)

	Modem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The usual modulation methods are the phase modulation and integrated phase and amplitude (at higher rates than 4800 bps).
		Continuous phase means that the transmitted signal bandwidth is limited and faster data rates can be achieved for the same bandwidth.
		In this modulation method a sine wave is transmitted and the phase of the sine carries the digital data.
	www2.rad.com /networks/1994/modems/modem.htm (4533 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The transmitter of Claim 1, wherein said phase modulation generator comprises a phase modulation generator means for generating a plurality of phase trajectory signals at said output, said plurality of phase trajectory signals associated with information to be transmitted by said transmitter.
		and a scaling factor for said plurality of phase trajectory signals is N. The transmitter of Claim 1, further comprising a mixing means for mixing said signal at said output of said digital synthesizer with a local oscillator signal.
		The method of Claim 11, wherein said plurality of phase signals comprises a continuous phase modulation signal.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/28852.990121&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (310 words)

	CPM Modulator Baseband (Communications Blockset) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The CPM Modulator Baseband block modulates using continuous phase modulation.
		The output is a baseband representation of the modulated signal.
		The Phase offset parameter is the initial phase of the output waveform, measured in radians.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /doc/matlab/toolbox/commblks/ref/cpmmodulatorbaseband.html (598 words)

	5.2 Pulse-frequency-modulated elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This can be achieved by modulating either the pulse width [32, 33, 34, 35] or the pulse frequency [98] of the carrier structure.
		This results in pulse-frequency modulation of the carrier grating; i.e., the local period of the carrier structure is slightly modulated but the local aspect ratio is almost unaffected.
		If the phase modulation varies slowly compared with the carrier phase, the transverse feature sizes remain practically constant and pulse-width modulation becomes negligible, leaving pulse-position modulation dominant; the effect can then be interpreted with the use of the detour-phase principle [19, 79].
	focus.hut.fi /~en/dr/node22.html (610 words)

	MAP- and Laurent-AMP-Based Carrier Synchronization in GMSK
		Synchronization of the receiver with the phase of the carrier signal ("carrier synchronization" for short) is necessary for coherent detection of the data modulation.
		The loop design is derived from a combination of (1) the foregoing two-pulse-train representation and (2) an equation for an error signal as a function of the estimated carrier phase for the GMSK signal observed (along with noise) during a given number of baud intervals.
		The zero-error condition is an estimated carrier phase equal to the open-loop MAP phase estimate.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Sept99/NPO20482.html (694 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The parameters that directly affect the power-spectral efficiency of the modulation are the modulation index h and the pulse characteristics, such as pulse shape and length [And86].
		To conclude, it is noted that, according to specifications [ESA86], phase modulations are normally to be preferred to OBM, except in those cases wherein use of CPM would cause the specified PFD limits to be exceeded.
		IV.8a) reveals a phase shift in the transmitted signal with respect to the zero-phase of the reference carrier due to the non-zero phase shift introduced by the HPA (which is driven at saturation, see Fig.
	ssdoo.gsfc.nasa.gov /nost/wwwclassic/p1/p1e/pisa.doc (5558 words)

	ipedia.com: Gaussian minimum shift keying Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The baseband modulation is generated by starting with a bitstream 0/1 and a bit-clock giving a timeslice for each bit.
		The baseband signal is then modulated using frequency modulation, producing a complete GMSK signal.
		GMSK is a spectrally-efficient modulation form, but it needs higher power level than say, quadrature shift keying (QSK) to reliably communicate the same amount of data.
	www.ipedia.com /gaussian_minimum_shift_keying.html (278 words)

	Examples of Digital Modulation (Using the Communications Blockset) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This example plots a phase tree associated with a continuous phase modulation scheme.
		A phase tree is a diagram that superimposes many curves, each of which plots the phase of a modulated signal over time.
		The modulated signal's sampling rate of 3000 exceeds the sum of twice the carrier frequency and twice the input sampling rate.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /doc/matlab/toolbox/commblks/usersguide/tutor218.html (964 words)

	Symbol synchronization in a continuous phase modulation communications receiver (US6466630)
		Symbol synchronization in a continuous phase modulation receiver is achieved by calculating an arctangent function of a digital sample of the output of a quadrature demodulator.
		This signal is sampled by integration techniques or filtered to produce signals that represent a complex value whose phase changes at a rate which is half of the symbol rate.
		The integrated sample or an arctangent function of the filtered sample is used as a controlling input for a numerically controlled oscillator which regulates the digital sampling.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US06466630__ (300 words)

	Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Svensson, A. and Sundberg, C-E. ``Performance evaluation of differential and discriminator detection of continuous phase modulation,'' IEEE Trans.
		Svensson, A. and Sundberg, C-E. ``On differential and discriminator detection of CPM on Gaussian and Rayleigh fading channels,'' Conf.
		Sundberg, C-E. ``Error probability of partial response continuous phase modulation with coherent MSK-type receiver, diversity and slow Rayleigh fading in Gaussian noise,'' Bell Syst.
	www.research.att.com:9000 /resources/biblios/old/cews.html (3917 words)

	Lecture 20 Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In this lecture we give a broad overview of several advanced modulation techniques that were not covered previously.
		We begin by discussing continuous-phase modulation, which has the advantage of both a constant envelope and a compact power spectrum.
		Finally, we discuss direct-sequence code-division multiple-access modulation, which offers the advantages of robustness to interference, low-probability of intercept, and multiple access capability.
	users.ece.gatech.edu /~barry/ee6057/lectures/lec20.html (97 words)

	LAB407A - Modulation Analysis - PM
		The analysis of a 10 MHz PM signal with a 20 kHz sinewave modulation and p radian (180°) deviation is shown in Figure 1.
		The sinusoidal modulation is clearly evident in the Jintvl function.
		The frequency of the modulation waveform (20 kHz).
	www.lecroy.com /tm/library/labs/lab407a?menuid=2 (529 words)

	Bandwidth-Efficient Modulation
		Aerospace had been studying a modulation technique known as Gaussian minimum shift keying for potential application in the Air Force Satellite Control Network and recognized that it might be a good candidate for the AEHF program.
		With Gaussian minimum shift keying, there are no well-defined phase transitions to detect for bit synchronization, and the energy from each bit is mixed with the energy from several other bits.
		Moreover, to compensate for the intentional intersymbol interference introduced by the Gaussian minimum shift keying modulation process, the optimal receiver would have to look at sequences of bits, not individual bits, to decide what data were sent.
	www.aero.org /publications/crosslink/winter2002/03.html (2366 words)

	Communication System Group
		Continuous phase modulation (CPM) is a digital modulation method with constant envelope.
		All the information are carried by the phase of the signal and this phase should be smooth in order to obtain high spectral efficiency.
		CPM is also not very weel suited for fading channels since the signal can not be interleaved without destroying the continuous phase property.
	www.s2.chalmers.se /research/comsys/cpm (268 words)

	ah_diss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In this thesis, a novel construction for encoded continuous phase modulation (CPM) is introduced which is based on the principles of generalized concatenation.
		The inner CPM is partitioned into nested subsystems which increases the free Euclidean distances.
		In order to obtain a large distance among the nested CPM subsystems, the scrambler matrices are computed which transfer the original CPM into equivalent CPM with better partitioning properties.
	it.e-technik.uni-ulm.de /World/Research.IT/ah_diss.html (154 words)

	A Quasi-Optimum Receiver for Continuous Phase Modulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE.
		A simple receiver structure for any continuous phase modulation (CPM) scheme is introduced.
		Its design is based on the decomposition of the CPM signal in the Walsh signal space.
	www.comsoc.org /comm/private/2000/jul/1087_48comm07-tang.html (318 words)

	Serially Concatenated Continuous Phase Modulation With Iterative Decoding
		Serially concatenated and interleaved continuous phase modulation (CPM) with iterative decoding is investigated.
		An a posteriori probability (APP) algorithm for CPM is developed based on the classic APP algorithm for channel codes.
		This is cumbersome for a general CPM system; instead, only the most significant error events contributing to the weight spectrum are identified.
	www.comsoc.org /comm/private/2001/nov/1901_49comm11-moqvist.html (890 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		With the ever increasing demand on bandwidth and power in communication systems, continuous phase modulation (CPM), which is a digital modulation scheme, has attracted great deal of attention since it is both bandwidth and power efficient.
		CPM is also constant envelope which allows to use of low cost power amplifiers.
		We obtain upper bounds on the performance of this application in the additive white Gaussian and fading channels by applying the standard union bound and the improved upper bounding techniques.
	www.cdsp.neu.edu /theses/thesis02/Dural.htm (192 words)

	IND RWTH Aachen - Veröffentlichungen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		We discuss convolutionally encoded continuous phase modulation (CPM) with noncoherent detection.
		Specifically, the application of a feedback--free modulator is considered, which is perfectly suited to coded transmission.
		Recursive calculation of the implicit phase reference symbol is proposed in this paper to keep the NSE complexity low.
	www.ind.rwth-aachen.de /publications/ge_asst01.html (101 words)

	Turbo coded continuous phase modulation
		This paper investigates the performance of turbo coded continuous phase modulation (CPM).
		Simulation results presented in this paper show that the turbo coded CPM signaling outperforms various other coding techniques for CPM signaling which are based on convolutional codes.
		The performance of the CPM signaling is compared to that of the phase-shift-keying (PSK) signaling and it is shown that the CPM signaling provides a more favorable trade-off between bandwidth and energy.
	www.research.ibm.com /people/a/agrawal/ISITA00.shtml (165 words)

	Technical reports (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		C-E. Sundberg, A. Svensson, "Calculation of the Error Probability for Partial Response Continuous Phase Modulation with Coherent MSK-Type Receivers, Diversity and Slow Rayleigh Fading in Gaussian Noise," Technical Report TR-158, Telecommunication Theory, University of Lund, Sweden, Sept. 1981.
		Andersson, A. Svensson, "On Discriminator Detection with Decision Feedback for Continuous Phase Modulation," Technical Report TR-199, Telecommunication Theory, University of Lund, Sweden, Oct. 1985.
		Svensson, "Improved Error Probability Analysis for CPM with Linear Detection on Gaussian and Rayleigh Fading Channels with Interfering Signals," Technical Report TR-204, Telecommunication Theory, University of Lund, Sweden, Jan. 1987.
	www.s2.chalmers.se /~arnes/prevrep.html (1060 words)

	Robust Modulation Methods and Smart Antennas in Wireless Communications - $92.82 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Robust Modulation Methods & Smart Antennas in Wireless Communications is a systematic, practical tutorial covering each key technology for maximizing the capacity and performance of wireless systems.
		There is therefore a continuous pursuit to satisfy these burgeoning demands and for advancing the technological frontiers.
		This modulation type provides coding gain without sacrificing additional bandwidth and is truly a breakthrough in coding theory.
	www.phptr.com /title/0130220299 (1028 words)

	Faculty Candidate Seminar: Experiment and Work on Continuous Phase Modulation for Wireless Communications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A different approach is to avoid the nonlinearity by using a continuous phase modulation (CPM) which allows the transmission of many bits per symbol while maintaining a constant envelope suitable for non-linear amplification.
		The talk will cover our work on CPM including a development of the optimum soft-output algorithm (OSA) for the demodulation of CPM signals in a context where soft decision metrics are useful.
		In addition, the talk will discuss ongoing efforts to implement the baseband function of a CPM transmitter and reciever on a fixed point DSP and the resulting performance/complexity tradeoffs.
	www.nd.edu /~ee/seminars/fall00/cpm.html (278 words)

	Computer Laboratory: Digital Technology Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		One method of improving bandwidth-power efficiently is coded Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM).
		CPM has a constant signal envelope and the continuous nature of the phase leads to good spectral properties, with low out of band radiation in particular.
		My research entails studying coded CPM in both frequency-selective and flat fading channels.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /Research/DTG/people?userid=ms308 (201 words)

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