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Topic: Contraband (American Civil War)

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Civil War Traveler Black History Sites in Virginia T he experience of African-Americans during the Civil War is extraordinarily rich and often contradictory. Virginia Civil War Trails interpretation throughout the state tells stories of the African-American experience in the Civil War: In Tidewater Virginia, learn of Union Gen. Benjamin Butler's action in 1861, while at Hampton's Fort Monroe, to accept and employ runaway slaves as "contraband of war." That controversial policy opened the door to emancipation. www.civilwar-va.com /virginia/blackhistory.html

Civil War Traveler Black History Sites in Virginia The experience of African-Americans during the Civil War is extraordinarily rich and often contradictory. Virginia Civil War Trails interpretation throughout the state tells stories of the African-American experience in the Civil War: In Tidewater Virginia, learn of Union Gen. Benjamin Butler's action in 1861, while at Hampton's Fort Monroe, to accept and employ runaway slaves as "contraband of war." That controversial policy opened the door to emancipation. www.civilwar-va.com /virginia/blackhistory.html   (475 words)

Wartime Violation of Italian American Civil Liberties Act Italian Americans who were taken into custody at any time during World War II Italian Americans who were interned and the location where they were interned Italian Americans who were arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations under the authority of Executive Order 9066 Italian Americans who were taken into custody during the initial roundup following the attack on Pearl Harbor, and prior to the United States declaration of war against Italy www.usdoj.gov /crt/wviacla.htm   (397 words)

From Revolution to Reconstruction: Essays: The United States of America and the Netherlands: The Dutch and the American Revolution (9/14) For years the country tottered on the brink of a civil war; then, when in 1787 the Dutch progressives who called their party `the Patriots' tried to topple the aristocratic regime, neighboring Prussia intervened. The Dutch island of St. Eustatius in the Caribbean became the center of trade with the colonies, a trade which England naturally regarded as contraband. The major engagement of the Fourth Anglo-Dutch war was a sea battle in the summer of 1780. odur.let.rug.nl /~usa/E/newnetherlands/nl8.htm   (397 words)

From Revolution to Reconstruction: Essays: The United States of America and the Netherlands: The Dutch and the American Revolution (9/14) For years the country tottered on the brink of a civil war; then, when in 1787 the Dutch progressives who called their party `the Patriots' tried to topple the aristocratic regime, neighboring Prussia intervened. The major engagement of the Fourth Anglo-Dutch war was a sea battle in the summer of 1780. The Dutch island of St. Eustatius in the Caribbean became the center of trade with the colonies, a trade which England naturally regarded as contraband. odur.let.rug.nl /~usa/E/newnetherlands/nl8.htm   (1042 words)

Contraband - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the American Civil War, the word contraband was used to describe runaway slaves encountered by Union soldiers. The notion of contraband indicates any item which, relating to its nature, is illegal to be possessed, sold etcetera. The term was first used by Brigadier General Benjamin Butler, and gained broad usage during and after the war. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Contraband   (165 words)

Mt. Olivet Cemetery, Madison County, Tennessee On the eve of Civil War, according to the 1860 census, the white to black population was nearly equal at 11,400 versus 10,095 (only 83 of the African Americans were free) and most of the slaves toiled on the prosperous farms and plantations that ringed the Jackson area. At least five Civil War veterans are buried at Mt. Olivet - four Union and one Confederate: Corpl. According to Dr. Bobby L. Lovett, many African-American communities in Tennessee arose near former contraband camps. www.tngenweb.org /records/madison/blackcem/nrhp-mto.htm   (165 words)

Union blockade - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Union blockade refers to the naval actions between 1861 and 1865, during the American Civil War, in which the United States Navy maintained a massive effort on the Atlantic and Gulf Coast of the Confederate States of America designed to prevent the passage of trade goods, supplies, and arms to and from the Confederacy. The Gulf Blockading Squadron was a squadron of the United States Navy in the early part of the American Civil War. The North Atlantic Blockading Squadron was a squadron of the United States Navy during the American Civil War. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_Atlantic_Blockading_Squadron   (1255 words)

Whitman, Dickinson, and the Fugitive Slave Law During the War, the problem of fugitive slaves in the North increased, and the problem of dealing with this human "contraband" was a major concern for the government and military. The Fugitive Slave Law was not repealed until June 1864, a year and a half after the Emancipation Proclamation went into effect, and only a half year from the end of the Civil War. For some, this incident was the sign that Civil War was here: "Civil War--The First Blow Struck" was the headline of a Lancaster, Pennsylvania, newspaper, a decade before the Civil War actually began. www.classroomelectric.org /volume2/folsom/fugitive/index-critintro.html   (2239 words)

Floor Debate on H. Res. 56 That executive order also resulted in restrictions upon the civil liberties of Italian Americans and German Americans residing in the United States during World War II, including government-imposed curfews, prohibition on items considered to be contraband by military authorities, and seizures of personal property. Executive Order 9066 also resulted in restrictions upon the civil liberties of Italian and German Americans residing in the United States, including government-imposed curfews, detentions, prohibitions on items considered to be contraband by military authorities, and seizures of personal property. Whereas the conclusion of the Commission was that the promulgation of Executive Order 9066 was not justified by military necessity, and that the decision to issue the order was shaped by ``race prejudice, war hysteria, and a failure of political leadership''; www.foitimes.com /internment/Housedebate.htm   (8395 words)

TnEncyc Details Fort Negley was a Federal Civil War fortification built largely by African American labor in 1862 and garrisoned in part by African American soldiers during the battle of Nashville in December 1864. Located in Nashville, Fort Negley represented the first extensive use of newly freed blacks in the Federal war effort and its success influenced the later creation of contraband labor camps in other Tennessee towns. Fort Negley represents "the uneasy alliance between the Union Army and local blacks in their successful campaign to preserve the Union and destroy slavery.&; (1) 160.36.208.47 /FMPro?-db=tnencyc&-format=tdetail.htm&-lay=web&entryid=F044&-find=   (8395 words)

Articles - Union blockade The Union blockade refers to the naval actions between 1861 and 1865, during the American Civil War, in which the United States Navy maintained a massive effort on the Atlantic and Gulf Coast of the Confederate States of America designed to prevent the passage of trade goods, supplies, and arms to and from the Confederacy. The West Gulf Blockading Squadron was a squadron of the United States Navy during the American Civil War. Confederate ships designed to evade the blockade were known as blockade runners, and mostly concentrated on running contraband between Confederate-controlled ports and the ports of Havana, Cuba; Nassau, Bahamas, and Bermuda, where British suppliers were receiving and offering trade. www.wathcesa.com /articles/Union_blockade   (1034 words)

Virginius Affair - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Virginius was a blockade-runner used in the American Civil War; she became a prize of the United States federal government, by which she was sold in 1870 to an American, John F. Patterson, who immediately registered her in the New York Custom House. It later appeared that Patterson was merely acting for a number of Cuban insurgents who falsely flew the American flag and were using the Virginius to deliver contraband to the Cubans fighting the Ten Years War. On October 31, 1873 then commanded by Joseph Fry, a former officer of both the Federal and Confederate navies, and having a crew of 52 (chiefly Americans and Englishmen) and 103 passengers (mostly Cubans), she was captured off Morant Bay, Jamaica, by the Spanish vessel Tornado, and was taken to Santiago de Cuba. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Virginius_Affair   (332 words)

Fort Monroe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Fort Monroe is also the place at which, on May 27, 1861, Major General Benjamin Butler made his famous "contraband" decision, by which escaping slaves reaching Union lines would not be returned to bondage. In cooperation with the Navy, troops from Fort Monroe extended Union control along the coasts of the Carolinas as Lincoln ordered a blockade of the Southern seaboard from the South Carolina line to the Rio Grande River on April 19, and on April 27 extended it to include the North Carolina and Virginia coasts. Fort Monroe played an important role in the American Civil War. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Monroe,_Virginia   (2008 words)

Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia With the outbreak of the American Civil War, General Benjamin Butler justified refusing to return runaway slaves in accordance to this law because as the Union and the Confederacy were at war, the slaves could be confiscated and set free as contraband of war. The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding interests and Northern Free-Soilers and abolitionists. A major cause of conflict between the Southern slave states and the Northern free states was the lack of assistance given by northerners to southern slave-owners and their agents seeking to recapture escaped slaves. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Law_of_1850   (689 words)

Freedmen, The Freed Slaves of the Civil War Final Report of the American Freedmen's Inquiry Commission to the Secretary of War. In 1863 the war department created the "American Freedmen's Inquiry Commission" to suggest methods for dealing with emancipated slaves. Preliminary Report of the American Freedmen's Inquiry Commission to the Secretary of War. www.civilwarhome.com /freedmen.htm   (689 words)

Books for Understanding Race Relations in America Diary of a Contraband: The Civil War Passage of a Black Sailor The Reason Why the Colored American Is Not in the World's Columbian Exposition: The Afro-American's Contribution to Columbian Literature Motherhood in Black and White: Race and Sex in American Liberalism, 1930-1965 www.aaupnet.org /news/bfu/race/list.html   (689 words)

Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia With the outbreak of the American Civil War, General Benjamin Butler justified refusing to return runaway slaves in accordance to this law because as the Union and the Confederacy were at war, the slaves could be confiscated and set free as contraband of war. The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding interests and Northern Free-Soilers and abolitionists. Some northern states passed personal-liberty laws mandating a jury trial before alleged slaves could be moved; others forbade the use of local jails or the assistance of state officials in the process of arrest or return. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Law_of_1850   (763 words)

Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 Did You Mean Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 With the outbreak of the American Civil War, General Benjamin Butler justified refusing to return runaway slaves in accordance to this law because as the Union and the Confederacy were at war, the slaves could be confiscated and set free as contraband of war. The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding interests and Northern Free-Soilers and abolitionists. Some northern states passed personal-liberty laws mandating a jury trial before alleged slaves could be moved; others forbade the use of local jails or the assistance of state officials in the process of arrest or return. www.did-you-mean.com /Fugitive_Slave_Law_of_1850.html   (763 words)

Timeline Public Proclamation No. 3 included Japanese American citizens among "enemy aliens" who must obey travel restrictions, curfew, and contraband regulations. The California State Personnel Board voted to bar all "descendants of natives with whom the United States [is] at war" from all civil service positions. The census found 126,947 Japanese Americans; 62.7% were citizens by birth. www.geocities.com /Athens/8420/timeline.html   (2454 words)

A Usable Past: Materials for Chase Exhibit Freedmen, The Freed Slaves of the Civil War Includes two reports of the Inquiry Commision, the first of which definitely mentions Craney Island: Freedmen and Craney Island When Lucy Chase (1822-1909) and her sister, Sarah Chase (1836-1911), single women from a well-to-do Quaker family of Worcester, Massachusetts, arrived at the contraband camp established on Craney Island near Norfolk, Virginia, in 1863, they found the needs of the newly freed slaves assembled there to be overwhelming. African-American women and men who worked for the government on Craney Island in 1864 found their pay slow in coming. usablepast.blogspot.com /2003/07/materials-for-chase-exhibit.html   (2454 words)

Wartime Violation of Italian American Civil Liberties Act The Act also directed the Attorney General to document Federal Bureau of Investigation raids on the homes of Italian Americans, to compile a list of ports from which Italian American fishermen were restricted, and to prepare a list of all civil liberties infringements suffered by Italian Americans during World War II. On November 7, 2000, Congress passed Public Law 106-451 (pdf version), the Wartime Violation of Italian American Civil Liberties Act, and articulated the sense of Congress that Moreover, the Act sought an explanation of whether Italian Americans were subjected to civil liberties infringements as a result of Executive Order No. 9066, and if so, why other Italian Americans were not. www.usdoj.gov /crt/wviacla.htm   (397 words)

Photographs of African Americans During the Civil War - (Prints and Photographs Reading Room, Library of Congress) Rather, most photographs show African Americans as civilians attached to the military, and as "contraband" and refugees. While it is believed from visual examination that the images on this list show African Americans, there is no way to prove (or disprove) this belief. Images of African American soldiers are not well represented in PandP files. www.loc.gov /rr/print/list/081_cwaf.html   (667 words)

From Revolution to Reconstruction: Essays: The United States of America and the Netherlands: The Dutch and the American Revolution (9/14) For years the country tottered on the brink of a civil war; then, when in 1787 the Dutch progressives who called their party `the Patriots' tried to topple the aristocratic regime, neighboring Prussia intervened. The Dutch island of St. Eustatius in the Caribbean became the center of trade with the colonies, a trade which England naturally regarded as contraband. The revolt seemed a warning to the ruling families, who gave the Dutch people as small a share in their government as the English Parliament had granted the colonists. odur.let.rug.nl /~usa/E/newnetherlands/nl8.htm   (667 words)

Contraband of War (Educational Materials: African American Odyssey) The Union army did not actively recruit African Americans for military action until 1863, and the Confederate army did not actively recruit black soldiers until near the end of the Civil War. Although some Union officers sent runaways back to their masters, others allowed them to remain with their troops, using them as a work force and dubbing them "contraband of war." Nonmilitary jobs slaves held were as bakers, butchers, boatmen, orderlies, nurses, and as builders of fortifications and other military works. By the end of the Civil War, there were sixteen all-black regiments, for a total of 186,000 blacks in the Union armies, and of this number, fourteen soldiers earned the Congressional Medal of Honor for bravery in battle. www.loc.gov /exhibits/odyssey/educate/waud.html   (667 words)

THE SPANISH OF THE CANARY ISLANDS   Until the Spanish Civil War of 1936, most islanders arrived in Cuba, and it is difficult to find a Canary Island family today in which some family member did not go to Cuba during the early decades of the 20th century. Once the settlement of Spanish America was underway, Spain established administrative centers in the Canary Islands, in an attempt to halt the flagrant contraband and illicit commerce between the islands and the Americas. An indisputable influence in the formation of Latin American Spanish, often overshadowed by discussion of the `Andalusian' contribution, is the Canary Islands. www.personal.psu.edu /faculty/j/m/jml34/Canary.htm   (7097 words)

Cosmic COINTELPRO events for 1912 Originally a Dutch family, "Huis", his ancestors had lived in England for three hundred years, after which his father settled in Texas, where he made a fortune in blockade-running during the Civil War, shipping cotton and other contraband to his British connections, including the Rothschilds, and bringing back supplies for the beleaguered Texans. House's openly Socialistic views were forthrightly expressed in Philip Dru, Administrator; on pages 57-58, House wrote: "In a direct and forceful manner, he pointed out that our civilization was fundamentally wrong, inasmuch, among other things, as it restricted efficiency. The Presidential campaign of 1912 records one of the more interesting political upsets in American history. www.cassiopaea.org /cass/cosmic_cointelpro_1912.htm   (7097 words)

NARA - Prologue - Prologue: Selected Articles For additional details on the service of these men and glimpses into their postwar lives, see Lisa Y. King, "Wounds that Bind: A Comparative Study of the Role Played by Civil War Veterans of African Descent in Community Formation in Massachusetts and South Carolina" (Ph.D. diss., Howard University, 1999). In December 1862 Welles removed the restriction that contraband enlistees be rated exclusively as boys. On the evolution of official policy regarding the enlistment of black sailors, see Valuska, The African American, chap. www.archives.gov /publications/prologue/2001/fall/black-sailors-3.html?template=print   (3302 words)

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