Where results make sense

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   PR   |   Contact us

APL: Reefer - Modified/Controlled Atmosphere Controlled atmosphere is the most technologically advanced process that is used to precisely control the atmospheric composition within the container throughout a shipment's entire journey. The composition of the controlled atmosphere transport is commodity-specific. Controlled atmosphere can also be used to meet the needs of a particular market by manipulating the ripening rate of fruits and vegetables. www.apl.com /reefer/html/atmosphere.html   (448 words)

Manual of fumigation for insect control - Fumigation of grain in bulk (cont.) - Fumigation and controlled atmosphere ... Controlled atmosphere procedures are an appropriate substitute for the fumigation of some commodities because the gases involved do not leave harmful residues and often the atmospheres provide superior conditions to normal storage in air. Controlled atmosphere storage can be viewed in two phases - the "purge phase" where the normal atmosphere is replaced with the prescribed atmosphere and the "maintenance phase" where the atmosphere is maintained for the desired period of time (Banks and Annis, 1977). In addition to controlled atmospheres, the forced aeration of grain is closely allied with insect control procedures and may be an integral part of a pest management programme. www.fao.org /docrep/X5042E/x5042E0o.htm   (3835 words)

Controlled Atmospheres for Bright Brazing - 2004-10-025 One way to control the formation of oxides during brazing and also reduce oxides present after precleaning is to surround the braze area with an appropriate controlled atmosphere in a furnace. Controlled atmospheres are most commonly used in furnace brazing, but may also be appropriate in induction or resistance brazing. Controlled atmosphere furnace brazing is the optimum technique to process large volumes of assemblies. www.aws.org /w/s/wj/2004/10/025   (2785 words)

Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) Controlled atmosphere technology has now been developed to a level where it can be used commercially for long-term grain storage in Nigeria. The controlled atmosphere (CA) technique is one that has been studied very closely over the past few decades and promises to play an increasingly important role for pest control in crop storage in the years to come. Atmospheres produced by artificial modification of the storage environment surrounding a commodity are known as modified atmospheres (MA) or controlled atmospheres (CA). www.bioline.org.br /request?ft01010   (5856 words)

U.S. EPA: Controlled Atmosphere Treatment Controlled atmosphere treatments are most effective at preserving commodity quality while controlling insect populations when produce is not exhibiting any signs of senescence or damage from handling; field packing, purchase of physiologically younger commodities and installation of ripening rooms may reduce difficulties using controlled atmosphere treatments on some produce (DSR PAC 1993). By performing a disinfestation treatment, using the controlled atmosphere technology to maintain the oxygen level at 0.1 percent and the carbon dioxide at a level determined suitable for each specific commodity for 96 hours, insects are eliminated from treated shipments prior to transport (Gay 1995b). However, controlled atmosphere disinfestation treatments are not currently recognized by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) as a quarantine treatment, and if quarantinable pests are found on the shipment, fumigation with methyl bromide is then required for quarantine purposes (Gay 1995b). www.epa.gov /spdpublc/mbr/casestudies/volume1/dod.html   (1098 words)

Methyl Bromide Alternatives Case Studies   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) Controlled atmosphere technology with elevated carbon dioxide and/or reduced oxygen concentrations can be a viable alternative to methyl bromide as a post harvest quarantine treatment for table grapes. Controlled atmospheres are most effective at preserving grapes when they exhibit no signs of senescence or damage from handling; therefore field packaging, purchase of physiologically younger, less ripe commodities, and installation of ripening rooms may reduce difficulties in using controlled atmosphere technologies for grapes (Anonymous 1993b). Lastly, controlled atmosphere treatments add significant value to grapes by extending and improving both their quality and shelf life and enabling them to be shipped using surface transport where aircraft or airlift transport was required previously (Gay 1995). www.mbao.org /grapeca3.html   (2000 words)

Long-Distance Controlled Atmosphere Transport of Avocados Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage can extend storage life, maintain quality, drastically reduce chilling injury and allow storage at lower temperatures. The relative humidity in the storage atmosphere should preferably be in the 90% to 95% range because it was found that moisture loss may increase chilling injury (Bower and Cutting, 1987). Modified atmosphere (MA) conditions are achieved by enclosing the fruit in a polyethylene bag or wrapping it in a permeable film or container. www.avocadosource.com /WAC2/WAC2_p463.htm   (1676 words)

Response of 'Hass' Avocado to Postharvest Storage in Controlled Atmosphere Conditions Control fruit were stored at the same temperature but in an ambient air atmosphere. Low-oxygen high-carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere storage for control of anthracnose and chilling injury of avocados. Controlled and modified atmospheres to extend storage life of avocados. www.avocadosource.com /wac2/wac2_p467.htm   (1815 words)

L&L Special Furnace Co., Inc. In electrically fired units the elements are exposed to the atmosphere (in most cases) and the element connection areas are sealed, gasketed with silicone rubber and purged. A sample port is usually provided on a controlled atmosphere furnace or retort that uses either a combustible atmosphere or a complicated atmosphere that may need to be monitored. The typical atmosphere used is an endothermic or synthetic endothermic gas (see the section on Endothermic gas and Nitrogen/Methanol.) To this is added a hydrocarbon such as methane, propane or butane to increase the carbon potential and air to decrease the carbon potential. www.hotfurnace.com /pages/general/atm_tech.htm   (3176 words)

FDA/CFSAN: Microbiological Safety of Controlled and Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Fresh and Fresh-Cut Produce A modified atmosphere can be defined as one that is created by altering the normal composition of air (78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.03% carbon dioxide and traces of noble gases) to provide an optimum atmosphere for increasing the storage length and quality of food/produce (Moleyar and Narasimham 1994; Phillips 1996). Under controlled atmospheric conditions, the atmosphere is modified from that of the ambient atmosphere, and these conditions are maintained throughout storage. Control measures taken to minimize perception and production of ethylene following harvest include storage in a modified atmosphere at optimal low temperatures (just above the chilling or freezing injury threshold) and oxidizing the ethylene by various chemical and physical means. www.cfsan.fda.gov /~comm/ift3-6.html   (13816 words)

Thin-walled monolithic metal oxide structures made from metals, and methods for manufacturing such structures - Patent ... It is particularly preferred that a maximum amount of the surface area of the structure be exposed to the oxidative atmosphere during the heating process for metal oxide formation. The preferred atmosphere for gap control heat treatment is a light vacuum such as, for example, a pressure of about 0.001 atmosphere. This can be accomplished by controlling such factors as heating rate, heating temperature, heating time, air flow, and shape of the iron-containing starting structure, as well as the choice and handling of an insulating layer. www.freepatentsonline.com /6045628.html   (13888 words)

Storage Control Systems Inc. / Gas Control Systems Inc. An airtight room is essential for proper controlled atmosphere storage of fruits and vegetables, especially with the recent recommendations for ultra-low oxygen environments. Storage Control Systems, Inc. is an authorized distributor of Salco Industrial doors, a company from the Netherlands which specializes in the manufacture of insulated refrigerator/freezer and gas-tight doors. In addition to creating a controlled atmosphere, nitrogen can also be used for blanketing, sparging, anti-oxidant and a variety of other applications. www.storagecontrol.com   (355 words)

Fruit and Vegetable Production Publications: NRAES­22   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) Control led atmosphere storage construction, testing, and operation are discussed, especially in relation to apple storage. Operators of refrigerated and controlled atmosphere storage facilities and their consultants have many questions about how to manage these systems for maximum results. Refrigeration and Controlled Atmosphere Storage for Horticultural Crops, NRAES-22, a guide for the operation, construction, and maintenance of refrigeration and controlled atmosphere storage conditions, is available for $8.00 each (plus shipping and handling) from NRAES, Cooperative Extension, PO Box 4557, Ithaca, New York 14852-4557. www.nraes.org /publications/nraes22.html   (534 words)

Controlled Atmosphere and Regular Atmosphere Storage of Apples and Potatoes Controlled atmosphere storage is a system in which the apples are placed in a totally sealed room where the temperature, humidity, light, and composition of the atmosphere is regulated. Potato storages also provide the manager with the ability to precisely control the distinct physiological stages of the tubers during the storage cycle. On a whole the use of potato storages has enabled the industry to be the large force that it is today, enabling our growers to be able to supply the nation with the products they desire whenever they want them. www.wsu.edu:8080 /~gmhyde/433_web_pages/433webpages2001/ca-ra_storage.htm   (5729 words)

Controlled Atmosphere Plasma Spray (ChamPro) - Sulzer Metco   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) The CAPS (Controlled Atmosphere Plasma Spray) process backfills the chamber, either at reduced pressures, standard pressure, or elevated pressures with a substitute atmosphere. Inert, protective atmospheres can be used for ensuring the purity of reactive spray materials or protecting workpiece substrates that readily oxidize or contaminate easily. Reactive atmospheres, generally used at elevated pressures, are very useful when unique coating material chemistries are desired that are not easily or economically produced by other means. www.sulzermetco.com /eprise/Sulzermetco/Sites/Products/AboutThermalSpray/champro.html   (609 words)

Prepared Foods: Map-ping the future with cap-ability - modified and controlled atmosphere food packaging - includes ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) Atmospheres of 100% N.sub.2~ equate to vacuum packaging for maintaining meat's pre-bloom color characteristics. As with poultry, sanitary conditions and temperatures of 32 degrees~ F are critical to shelf life extension of red meat. Key to the company's controlled atmosphere packages is a gas permeable label that is applied over a vent hole in a hermetically sealed package. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3289/is_n3_v163/ai_15312391   (1416 words)

Controlled Atmosphere Storage of Fruits and Vegetables   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) The use of controlled atmospheric conditions, as a way of reducing the use of chemical preservatives and pesticides, has great potential for the reduction of postharvest losses and the maintenance of nutritive value and organoleptic characteristics. The proper application of controlled atmosphere storage is likely to have as great an impact as the introduction of refrigeration technology a century earlier, yet its potential is only just becoming appreciated, despite its use for apples for many years. The influence of pests and diseases, environmental factors such as mixtures of gases, and packaging are then described and the recommended controlled atmosphere conditions for a wide range of crops is provided. www.cabi-publishing.org /bookshop/BookDisplay.asp?SubjectArea=Pla&Subject=Horticulture&PID=1140   (344 words)

Controlled Atmosphere Storage   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) It is possible to slow the deterioration process by controlling the environment to which they are exposed. In conjunction with low temperature and high humidity levels, controlled and modified atmosphere (CA and MA, respectively) imply the addition or removal of gases involved in the metabolism of the stored commodity. Controlled atmosphere storage involves the active control of the gas levels, while it is done passively in MA storage.(1) www.dekker.com /sdek/71068315-20810899/abstract~db=enc~content=a713500790   (292 words)

Response of d'Anjou pears to controlled atmosphere storage in elevated temperature and carbon dioxide Response of d'Anjou pears to controlled atmosphere storage in elevated temperature and carbon dioxide Sensory evaluations (visual disorders) were made by 20 individuals skilled in quality control, who were selected from all of the participating warehouses and were asked to evaluate the pears on a scale of 1 = none/excellent, 2 = slight/good, 3 = moderate/fair, and 4 = severe/poor. If the storage atmosphere was maintained in 3% CO, the pears were firmer than when held at 31°F in 1% CO (12.8 compared to 11.9 lbs.). www.goodfruit.com /link/Mar1-00/feature13.html   (1598 words)

Controlled Atmosphere Packaging Keeps Cut Honeydew Melon Fresh Longer / August 21, 1998 / News from the USDA ... Cut-up honeydew melons stay fresh and marketable longer, thanks to new controlled atmosphere procedures worked out by scientists with the Agricultural Research Service. Alley E. Watada, food technologist at ARS' Horticultural Crops Quality Laboratory in Beltsville, MD, subjected cut-up honeydews to a controlled atmosphere of 2 percent oxygen and 10 percent carbon dioxide at 41 degrees F for 9 days. On day 5, melon cubes from the controlled atmosphere had less bacterial growth and a stronger honeydew aroma than those held in air. www.ars.usda.gov /is/pr/1998/980821.htm?pf=1   (314 words)

Controlled Atmosphere The U.L.O. atmosphere (Ultra Low Oxygen) results in produce stored in an atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of about 1 %. The choice of atmosphere depends on the type of produce (commodity and variety) and on its physiological state at the time of harvest. Compared to traditional C.A. storage, the main advantages of U.L.O. storage are a further reduction of spiration metabolism (30%) and, especially in the case of apples and pears, the control of some important physiological disorders such as scald, internal breakdown and maintenance of flesh firmness, thus leading to longer shelf-life. www.isolcell.it /en   (414 words)

GB-169: CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE PROCESSING SYSTEMS   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14) BCC's goal in conducting this study was to determine the current status of the market for industrial gases used to generate controlled atmospheres, and to assess the growth potential of these gases over a five-year period from 1993 to 1998. We were particularly interested in the types of industrial gases being used and their applications in controlling and modifying process atmospheres. Within each industry segment, we present a worldwide structure, examine the competitive aspects, summarize the advantages of using controlled atmosphere gases, analyze the current markets, identify factors that will drive demand, and project shipments by type of gas to 1998. www.bccresearch.com /advmat/GB169.html   (1107 words)

Controlled Atmosphere Storage Eating crisp, juicy Washington apples year-round is possible due to controlled atmosphere storage. Known simply as "CA" in the industry, controlled atmosphere storage involves careful control of temperature, oxygen, carbon dioxide and humidity. Humidity is maintained at 95 percent and carbon dioxide levels are also controlled. www.bestapples.com /facts/controlled.html   (608 words)

Regulations - Agriculture and Marketing - Packaged Apples Controlled Atmosphere Designation Regulations "controlled atmosphere apples" means apples that have been stored in a sealed compartment in which the concentration of carbon dioxide or oxygen or both is controlled; No person shall designate apples as controlled atmosphere apples in grading, packaging, packing, marking, shipping, advertising or selling within the Province of Nova Scotia unless such person has a certificate of registration issued by the Minister. An application for a certificate of registration shall be in Form 1 to these regulations in the case of an operator, or in Form 2 to these regulations in the case of a packer, and, subject to subsection (3), shall be accompanied by a fee of $10.00 plus applicable taxes. www.gov.ns.ca /just/regulations/regs/ampkgapp.htm   (915 words)

INSECTICIDAL CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE FOR MANAGEMENT OF SILVERLEAF WHITEFLY We have previously reported that reduced-O2 controlled atmospheres (CA) effectively control various stages of greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporarium) as well as the adult stage of silverleaf whitefly (see previous progress reports). The objectives of this study were to test (1) the effectiveness of short-term reduced 02 controlled atmospheres on various stages of the more damaging silverleaf whitefly; and (2) the effects of controlled atmospheres on different developmental stages of poinsettias. To investigate the effects of controlled atmosphere on various stages of whitefly, infested, excised poinsettia leaves were collected from the greenhouse at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. www.endowment.org /pr/p0794pr1.htm   (605 words)

Labconco: Protector Fiberglass Controlled Atmosphere Glove Box Protector Fiberglass Controlled Atmosphere Glove Box provides a leak-tight environment for handling contamination-sensitive materials in procedures such as hydraphilic chemicals, organometalics and isolation of electronic components. Control panel on the front of the transfer chamber has glove box and transfer chamber pressure gauges and control switches for the fluorescent lamp and left and right interior and rear exterior electrical outlets. Four manual valves are mounted on the lower front panel for control of the gas inlet and vacuum for the box and transfer chamber. www.labconco.com /_scripts/EditItem.asp?ItemID=424   (564 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)

About us   |   Why use us?   |   Reviews   |   Press   |   Contact us   Copyright © 2005-2007 www.factbites.com Usage implies agreement with terms.