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Topic: Conventional current

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	Electric current - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The SI unit of electric current is the ampere (A), which is equal to a flow of one coulomb of charge per second.
		Conventional current was defined early in the history of electrical science as a flow of positive charge.
		It is the current that passes that determines the effect, and this depends on the nature of the contact, the condition of the body part, the current path through the body and the voltage of the source.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Conventional_current (1344 words)

	Current
		Conventional current was defined early in the history of electrical science as a flow of positive charge, although we now know that, in the case of metallic conduction, current is caused by a flow of negatively charged electrons in the opposite direction.
		The symbol typically used for the amount of current (the amount of charge flowing per unit of time) is I, and the SI unit of electrical current is the ampere.
		In the open ocean, currents are also driven by gravity, but in this case the motion is caused by the differing densities of bodies of water at different temperatures: warmer water is less dense and tends to float, while cooler water is denser and tends to sink.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/cu/Current.html (559 words)

	Conventional vs. current wisdom
		Conventional wisdom for keyboard distance is that it should be approximately at the front of the work surface.
		Conventional wisdom regarding a chair is that the chair should be at a height that allows the feet to reach the floor when the legs are in the "conventional wisdom" position of 90 degrees (at the knee).
		Conventional practice puts the monitor on top of the CPU --- the best solution in most cases is to put the monitor on the work surface, because of the monitor height issue.
	www.office-ergo.com /conventi.htm (1139 words)

	Hall effect - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Current consists of many small charge-carrying "particles" (typically electrons) which experience a force (called the Lorentz Force) when in the presence of a magnetic field.
		is the voltage across the width of the plate, I is the current across the plate length, B is the magnetic flux density, d is the depth of the plate, e is the electron charge, and n is the bulk density of the carrier electrons.
		By sensing the current provided to a load and using the device's applied voltage as a sensor voltage it is possible to determine the power flowing through a device.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hall_effect (1634 words)

	Electricity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electricity is responsible for many well-known physical phenomena such as lightning, electric fields and electric currents, and is put to use in industrial applications such as electronics and electric power.
		An electric current is a flow of electric charge, and its intensity is measured in amperes.
		For historical reasons, electric current is said to flow from the most positive part of a circuit to the most negative part.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electricity (2087 words)

	[No title]
		In other words, current is a measure of the net charge that passes by a point in a circuit in a given time interval.
		The symbol for current is I. The unit of current is the ampere (A), or amp for short.
		Although current in most cases consists of flowing electrons, the direction of the current on a circuit diagram is shown as the flow of positive charges.
	webphysics.davidson.edu /physlet_resources/bu_semester2/c09_current.html (131 words)

	Electric current
		Electric current is the rate of charge flow past a given point in an electric circuit, measured in coulombs/second which is named amperes.
		Some texts reverse this convention and take electric current direction as the direction the electrons move, an obviously more physically realistic direction, but the vast majority of references use the conventional current direction and that convention will be followed in most of this material.
		Besides the advantage of agreeing in direction with most texts, the conventional current direction is the direction from high voltage to low voltage, high energy to low energy, and thus has some appeal in its parallel to the flow of water from high pressure to low (see water analogy).
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/electric/elecur.html (698 words)

	Re: How does a D-cell battery work?
		Conventional current direction is defined as the direction that positive charges flow.
		The discovery that electrical current, in most applications, is due to the movement of electrons with negative charge came later.
		To allow current to flow from the positive terminal of a D-cell to its negative terminal, the circuit must be completed by adding a electrically conductive path between the two terminals.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/may2000/959607398.Ph.r.html (594 words)

	Electric Current
		As such, an early convention for the direction of an electric current was established to be in the direction which positive charges would move.
		Thus, the current in the external circuit is directed away from the positive terminal and toward the negative terminal of the battery.
		A current of one ampere is a flow of charge at the rate of _______ coulomb per second.
	www.glenbrook.k12.il.us /GBSSCI/PHYS/CLASS/circuits/u9l2c.html (2142 words)

	Discharge measurement index part 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		After the meter is placed at the proper depth and pointed into the current, the rotation of the rotor is permitted to become adjusted to the speed of the current before the velocity observation is started.
		Current meters are especially susceptible to damage when in use, because measurements must often be made when drift or floating ice is present in a stream.
		The rating of the current meter is applicable to the conditions of the measurement.
	wwwrcamnl.wr.usgs.gov /sws/fieldmethods/QMeas.tmp/index2.htm (4913 words)

	Current (electricity)
		The symbol typically used for the amount of current (the amount of charge flowing per unit of time) is I.
		The SI unit of electrical current is the ampere.
		Electric current is therefore sometimes informally referred to as amperage, by analogy with the term voltage.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/c/cu/current__electricity_.html (550 words)

	How to Define Anode and Cathode (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In wires, the current is carried by electrons moving in the direction opposite to the current.
		This rule is required by the fact that current obeys a conservation law; current that flows into the cell at the anode must flow through the cell and then out the cathode.
		The conventional viewpoint is that the water, and the metals touching the water, are to be thought of as a giant electrochemical cell, and treated as a fl box, while the structure of the boat (or whatever) is considered the circuit.
	www.av8n.com /physics/anode-cathode.htm (1395 words)

	A-level Physics/Electrons and Photons/Electric current - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks
		The reason for this is that the direction of conventional current was chosen before people knew what was happening inside a conductor when a current flows.
		The resistance of a component in a circuit is the ratio of the voltage across that component to the current in it.
		For a conductor at constant temperature, the current in the conductor is proportional to the voltage across it.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/A-level_Physics/Electrons_and_Photons/Electric_current (1221 words)

	RMS & Power Factor Measurements
		Three methods were used to measure current, a shunt resistor, a current gun with one winding, and a current gun with two windings.
		In the case of the resistive load the RMS current value measured by the conventional meter was found to be 1.52A and the RMS current value measured by the AstroDAQ2 was found to be 1.53A.
		In the case of the Dash IV the RMS current value measured by the conventional meter was found to be.36A and the RMS current value measured by the AstroDAQ2 was found to be.57A.
	www.astro-med.com /knowledge/rmspower.html (1341 words)

	NDE Associates, Inc. - Technique Selection
		Conventional eddy current inspection is fast and can be performed at speeds up to 6 ft/sec.
		Bobbin coils cannot detect circumferential cracks in finned tubes because the eddy currents are parallel to the crack and are not interrupted by the crack.
		Conventional Eddy Current is the most suitable technique for inspection of non-ferromagnetic tubes.
	www.nde.com /paper54.htm (3271 words)

	current - a definition from Whatis.com
		Current is a flow of electrical charge carriers, usually electrons or electron-deficient atoms.
		The common symbol for current is the uppercase letter I. The standard unit is the ampere, symbolized by A. One ampere of current represents one coulomb of electrical charge (6.24 x 10
		Direct current (DC) flows in the same direction at all points in time, although the instantaneous magnitude of the current might vary.
	searchsmb.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid44_gci211871,00.html (425 words)

	More on Current
		The symbol typically used for the amount of current (the amount of charge flowing per unit of time) is I, from the German word Intensität, which means 'intensity'.
		Currents through the heart and the nervous system are the most dangerous.
		As most dangerous sources are voltage sources, the current present depends on the resistance of the body between the points of contact and any current limiting built into the source.
	www.artilifes.com /current.htm (812 words)

	Electromagnetic Induction
		To determine the direction of the current produced when electric potential is induced, we use Lenz's Law: the induced current flows in a direction that opposes the change that induced the current.
		As long as the current through a loop does not change, B is constant and flux is constant.
		A current of 3.99 A is established in the solenoid and is then reduced linearly to zero in 5.9 s.
	www.physics247.com /solved_problems/electromagnetic_induction.php (1718 words)

	Conventional Current (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Conventional current is the standard assumption which is made when designing or describing the function of a circuit.
		Following this convention, electric charge flows as a current from the more positive parts of a circuit to the more negative parts of a circuit.
		Another way of describing this is that the direction of current flow is always quoted as the direction in which the positively charged particles move.
	www.snazzysigns.co.uk /frenchyelectronics/concepts/conventionalcurrent.html (170 words)

	Electric Current
		By convention, we take the current to flow around the circuit from the positive terminal of the battery, and ending at the negative terminal.
		By convention, the positive terminal is at a higher potential energy than the negative terminal, and so current will flow from the positive to the negative terminal in a circuit.
		An electric current consists of a flow of electrons from the negative terminal of the battery to the positive terminal, that is, in a direction which is opposite to the conventional current.
	www.physchem.co.za /Current10/Current.htm (1133 words)

	NDM Article - Joint Training Must Reflect Combat Realities
		JP 3-05 addresses liaison between SOF and conventional forces as a SOF responsibility at all levels, but has little information on reciprocal conventional liaison to SOF, which is needed when the supporting-supported roles are reversed as they were in OEF.
		According to current doctrine, SOF and conventional forces operations are conducted primarily in parallel, but this is not how it is occurring today.
		Another conventional force unit was sent to serve as the Quick Reaction Force for a SOF command element, but the release authority for the QRF was retained at the higher command of the conventional element, and not delegated to the SOF unit it supported.
	www.nationaldefensemagazine.org /issues/2004/Apr/Joint_Training.htm (1987 words)

	The Ultimate Bipolar junction transistor Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		By varying the current between the base and one terminal called the emitter, one can vary the current flow between the emitter and a third terminal known as the collector, causing amplification of the signal at that terminal.
		In the "linear" region, collector-emitter current is approximately proportional to the base current but many times larger, making this the ideal mode of operation for current amplification.
		The BJT enters "saturation" when the base current is increased to a point where the external circuitry prevents the collector current from growing any larger.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/BJT (742 words)

	Conventional vs Charge Current
		I have never heard the specific term "conventional" to describe current in which the particles are electrons, but it IS they type of current generated in power plants, carried through power lines, and used in motors and other electrical gadgets in our society.
		Your student is correct in stating that the current flows in the opposite direction of the electrons; this is because current is defined as the positive movement of charge, and electrons have a negative charge.
		So the conventional current flows from a higher potential to a lower potential as positively charged particles would, but the actual charge carriers (in most cases), being negatively charged electrons, move in the opposite direction.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/phy00/phy00628.htm (907 words)

	Right-hand Rules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		When using the Right-Hand Rules, it is important to remember that the rules assume charges move in a conventional current (the hypthetical flow of positive charges).
		Because the force exerted on a moving charge by a magnetic field is perpendicular to both the the velocity of the charge and the direction of the field, making illustrations of these interactions involves using the two symbols on the left to denote movement into or out of the plane of the page.
		T · m / A and os called the permeability of free space, r is the radial distance from the wire in meters, and I is the current in amperes.
	physicsed.buffalostate.edu /SeatExpts/resource/rhr/rhr.htm (552 words)

	Sci-Fi Helper - Magnetic Fields and Electricity
		Historically, the direction of current was described in terms of the motion of imaginary positive charges; this convention is still used by many scientists, although it is directly opposite to the direction of electron flow, which is now known to be the basis of electric current in solids.
		In a solid the current consists not of a few electrons moving rapidly but of many electrons moving slowly; although this drift of electrons is slow, the impulse that causes it when the circuit is completed moves through the circuit at nearly the speed of light.
		In a direct current, the electrons are spread evenly through the conductor; in an alternating current, the electrons tend to congregate along the surface of the conductor.
	www.themarginal.com /magneticfields.htm (4000 words)

	Giancoli, Physics : Principles with Applications, 5/E Chapter 20 -- MCAT Study Guide
		A long straight overhead conductor carries a steady conventional current from the north toward the south.
		A straight wire lying along the right edge of the paper, carrying a conventional current of 2.0 A directed from the bottom of the page toward the top of the page would experience a force ___ the page.
		If the current in the coil was increased slightly, the magnitude of the torque acting on the coil would ___.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/giancoli/chapter20/multiple2/deluxe-content.html (1761 words)

	SQUID Eddy Current Technique Applying Conformable Eddy Current Probes
		As shown in fig.1 a conventional normal conducting Eddy current probe is used for field generation and sampling.
		We realized an Eddy current SQUID system of the high frequency type: a room temperature Eddy current probe is connected to a SQUID sensor at liquid nitrogen temperature.
		For this application the flexible Eddy current probe is mounted on a conformable carrier allowing a good fit to the curved test object by pressing gently by hand.
	www.ndt.net /article/ecndt98/et/391/391.htm (2730 words)

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