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Topic: Conventional war

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	Army Hustles to Train Soldiers for Both Conventional War, Counterinsurgency
		The 1st Armored Division is training for the possibility that a war on a conventional battlefield could follow the anti-insurgency war in Iraq.
		Army officials are trying their best to make sure soldiers are proficient at both conventional and anti-insurgency warfare, said Jonathan Grossman, a senior researcher specializing in military technology and military training at the Santa Monica, Calif.-base RAND Corp., a nonprofit think tank that often helps shape public policy.
		“War changes things, and we’re at war,” Ralph Peters, a retired Army lieutenant colonel and author of “Beyond Baghdad: Postmodern War and Peace,” said in an e-mail interview.
	www.military.com /NewContent/0,13190,SS_121104_War,00.html (1644 words)

	Policy Equations War
		Analysis of conventional war requires that the user specify a "baseline" probability of war in any dyad (actor-target pair) in any given year (CWARBASE), a parameter that is set at "0" in the base case and that normally will be very small.
		The threat term posits that probability of war increases with either the threat that an actor poses to a target (aggressive war) or that a target poses to an actor (defensive or pre-emptive war), dependent on parameters that specific the impact of actor threat (WPTHRACT) and target threat (WPTHRTAR).
		Civilian damage for the acting alliance depends on the existence and severity of a conventional war, modified by the ratio of the conventional power of the reacting alliance and the GDP of the acting alliance, and controlled by an exogenous civilian damage multiplier (CDMF).
	www.du.edu /~bhughes/WebHelpIFs/poleqns/policy_equations_war.htm (586 words)

	Deterrence After the Cold War: (Site not responding. Last check: )
		His three conditions for absolute war were that (1) it must be a wholly isolated act, (2) it must occur suddenly, and (3) it must not be produced by previous events in the political world.
		One cannot count on the mere threat of conventional war to raise the stakes in a conflict to levels high enough to forestall the outbreak of hostilities with anywhere near the confidence associated with nuclear weapons.
		Whereas we may characterize the response to a threat of nuclear war as "avoid at any cost," a typical response to the prospect of conventional war might appear to be "go ahead, hit me with your best shot," in the belief that the enemy's best shot may not inflict more damage than we can absorb.
	www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil /airchronicles/apj/huggins.html (3422 words)

	Two Fronts: Unconventional Forces For an Unconventional War
		Prisoners of war are not being tortured or mistreated, the civilian populace is not targeted, and U.S. forces are not using outlawed biological or chemical agents.
		All that said, this is a war, not a police raid, and the object is to destroy the enemy and his capacity to resist.
		This is a just war, however, in defense of the United States, of democracy and the freedom to live and worship as one pleases without interfering in the life of another.
	www.heritage.org /Press/Commentary/ED102801.cfm (1644 words)

	John M. Gates, Ch. 8, People's War in Vietnam - Title
		The war in Vietnam was not a war of aggression by the North against the South, nor was it ever a purely conventional war.
		That interpretation of the war, carrying with it the implication that the United States might have won in Vietnam had it recognized at the onset that the conflict would be a conventional one, explains the American failure in a way that does not mandate significant change in the future.
		Although the communist war effort was directed from Hanoi and depended on northern as well as southern resources, the war was fought and won in the South by the application of a strategy incorporating political and diplomatic as well as military struggle over a prolonged period of time.
	www.wooster.edu /history/jgates/book-ch8.html (5288 words)

	Civil War Women Reference Book Titles
		Returning to New England, she married and lived a conventional life as the wife of a minister and mother of three daughters.
		With the coming of the Civil War, however, Livermore's life changed dramatically when she became active with the United States Sanitary Commission, an organization that would propel her into the public limelight and cause her to challenge society's traditional view of the role of women.
		During the Civil War, Mary Adams wants to do more than work at the aid society so she sets out for the front lines, where she cleans the wounds of Lynn Rhodes and then conceals the fact that Lynn is female.
	www.americancivilwar.com /women/women_civil_war_book.html (1847 words)

	Ethiopia Somalia Ogaden War 1976-1978
		Before the Ogaden War, the most striking feature of the 23,000-man SNA had been its large armored force, which was equipped with about 250 T-34 and T-54/T-55 Soviet-built medium tanks and more than 300 armored personnel carriers.
		After the Somali government committed the SNA to the Ogaden, the conflict ceased to be a guerrilla action and assumed the form of a conventional war in which armor, mechanized infantry, and air power played decisive roles.
		War in the Ogaden: In Addis Ababa, meanwhile, civilian opposition to the military government erupted in urban civil war.
	www.onwar.com /aced/data/oscar/ogaden1976.htm (1897 words)

	PARAMETERS, US Army War College Quarterly - Autumn 2006
		Conventional dominance and years of preparing to fight enemies on American terms—state against state, using precision weaponry and highly trained personnel—allowed the United States to adhere to its strategy of annihilation to achieve its goals with remarkable speed.
		Small wars are instead characterized by the asymmetric nature of the conflict, and the political outcome sought, and they typically pit a state against a non-state adversary who does not employ regular forces.
		In Iraq and in small wars in general, the complexity and irregular nature of the conflict places a premium on small-unit leaders who possess the resourcefulness, initiative, and determination to succeed on a battlefield fraught with uncertainty and where the only certainty is ambiguity.
	carlisle-www.army.mil /usawc/Parameters/06autumn/melillo.htm (5727 words)

	[No title]
		Terrorism is a crude means of brining the war to our shores, yet its not nearly as effective as a Naval Flotilla, backed up with an large air armada, TLAM or several armoured/mechanized divisions pouring up the isthmus and heading in your direction.
		that doesnt mean that they wont be able to fight a conventional war as well if they had more troops, in fact, you could argue that they could fight better, due to increased efficiency, effectiveness and the overall quality of troops/equipment/tactics.
		The adjective conventional suggests non-nuclear – As Einstein once said, the forth world war will be fought with sticks and stones (decidedly conventional) More to the point, it seems that most can agree that there will continue to be regional wars among nations without nukes (kinda like doctors without borders, but different).
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/30-18974.aspx (1349 words)

	Ogaden War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ogaden War was a conventional conflict between Somalia and Ethiopia in 1977 and 1978 over the Ogaden region of Ethiopia.
		The failure of the war aggravated discontent with the Barre regime; the first organized opposition group, the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF), was formed by army officers in 1979.
		The United States adopted Somalia as a Cold War client state from the late 1970s to 1988 in exchange for use of Somali bases, as well as a way to exert influence upon the region.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ogaden_War (1309 words)

	The U.S. Army Professional Writing Collection
		Conventional dominance and years of preparing to fight enemies on American terms-state against state, using precision weaponry and highly trained personnel-allowed the United States to adhere to its strategy of annihilation to achieve its goals with remarkable speed.
		Small wars are instead characterized by the asymmetric nature of the conflict, and the political outcome sought, and they typically pit a state against a non-state adversary who does not employ regular forces.
		In Iraq and in small wars in general, the complexity and irregular nature of the conflict places a premium on small-unit leaders who possess the resourcefulness, initiative, and determination to succeed on a battlefield fraught with uncertainty and where the only certainty is ambiguity.
	www.army.mil /professionalwriting/volumes/volume4/october_2006/10_06_3.html (5739 words)

	Roland: War & Technology:2
		The transformation of conventional war in the second half of the twentieth century was shaped by the experience of World War II.
		World War II was the first war in which the weapons in play at the end differed significantly from those employed at the outset.
		As the passions of the Cold War cool and the incidence of conventional war abates, future generations may look back on the late twentieth century as a period in which the armed forces were the primary patrons of technological development.
	www.unc.edu /depts/diplomat/AD_Issues/amdipl_4/roland2.html (4488 words)

	Human Rights Watch: Arms
		Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW): Intervention on the Agreement on a CCW Mandate on Cluster Munitions
		Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW): Protocol V on Explosive Remnants of War
		The Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW) has been and can be an important international humanitarian and disarmament instrument, though it has often fallen far short of its potential.
	www.hrw.org /doc/?t=arms (1720 words)

	(Un)Conventional Warfare?? \| TPMCafe
		I thought the new conventional wisdom meant having the flexibility to fight a range of wars –‘conventional’, ‘unconventional’ and guerilla wars (is that ‘nonconventional’?).
		The theory is that the military are still institutionalised for the conventional style warfare and thus still spend vast budgets on technology (aircrafts, warships, armoured vehicles etc) and struggle to engage with the new types of conflict.
		Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s government decided, I was told, to minimize the damage that the war was causing to Israel’s strategic position by expanding its long-standing relationship with Iraq’s Kurds and establishing a significant presence on the ground in the semi-autonomous region of Kurdistan.
	www.tpmcafe.com /blog/americaabroad/2006/jul/25/un_conventional_warfare (6796 words)

	Conventional war with India seen turning nuclear - The Washington Times: World Briefings - January 08, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		No conventional war between India and Pakistan will remain limited for long — it would gradually lead to a full-scale war and ultimately to a nuclear conflict, warns a study by a Pakistani defense official.
		India and Pakistan have fought three wars since their independence from Britain in 1947 and are still engaged in a 57-year-old conflict in the Himalayan valley of Kashmir, over which two of the three wars were fought.
		Asked why Pakistan resorted to a limited conventional war in Kargil in 1999, the author said Kargil is part of Siachen sector where limited battles have continued since 1984.
	www.washtimes.com /world/20050107-102610-5473r.htm (995 words)

	Concept & Nature of Conventional & Nuclear Deterrence
		Conventional deterrence is premised on denial and/or punishment.
		Whether conventional or nuclear, one of the basic prerequisites of effective deterrence is clear communication — to convey the threat.
		In fact, the notion of Limited War is an integral part of nuclear deterrence — where you keep out of action the most effective weaponry, or you keep the theatre limited or the targets limited — and all deliberately — while making it clear to the other side your ability to expand the conflict.
	www.defencejournal.com /2000/nov/concept.htm (3976 words)

	Iraq in new war phase: 'checkpoint fighting'
		The war that remains, whether it lasts a week or a year, is in some ways more complex, ambiguous and difficult.
		Finding those troops for the rest of the war and then for the post-war peacekeeping is likely to strain the Army, which calculates that Iraq duty will keep at least two divisions busy for several months.
		In that environment, the transition from war to peace may be almost invisible, with the end of the war arbitrarily declared at some point.
	www.post-gazette.com /World/20030406warassess0406p2.asp (1039 words)

	Limited War and Escalation Control (Site not responding. Last check: )
		As someone who had to learn, understand and practice war as a career for over four decades, I could also add, “Except for the background of a conflict, war circumstances and war situations are seldom alike”.
		Use of terror and proxy war in the spectrum of conflict to destablise the adversary was neither an established concept nor rational.
		They have their own definitions of terrorism and proxy war, and will not do enough to ensure that proxy war, which can always lead to a limited conventional war, must stop on the sub continent.
	www.observerindia.com /analysis/A316.htm (1611 words)

	Limited war can lead to N-conflict, says study -DAWN - International; 20 December, 2004
		The author, who wished not to be identified, argues that recently India has put forward the concept of a limited conventional war aimed at achieving a specific political objective, such as putting down the uprising in Kashmir.
		But the author warns that what India may see as "a limited conventional war" may not be accepted by Pakistan as such.
		Asked why Pakistan had used the option of a limited conventional war in Kargil in 1999, the author said Kargil is part of Siachen sector where limited war has been continuing since 1984.
	www.dawn.com /2004/12/20/int9.htm (819 words)

	ISRAELI NUCLEAR AND CONVENTIONAL DETERRENCE: UNDERSTANDING THE LINKAGES (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A persuasive Israeli conventional deterrent, to the extent that it would prevent enemy conventional attacks in the first place, could substantially reduce Israel's risk of escalatory exposure to nuclear war.
		A strong conventional capability is needed by Israel to deter or to preempt conventional attacks, strikes that could, if undertaken, lead quickly via escalation to various forms of unconventional war.
		The result here could be: (1) defeat of Israel in a conventional war; (2) defeat of Israel in an unconventional (chemical/biological/nuclear) war; (3) defeat of Israel in a combined conventional/unconventional war; or (4) defeat of Arab/Islamic enemy states BY Israel in an unconventional war.
	www.tzemach.org /fyi/docs/beres/may15b-01.htm (901 words)

	Pentagon Directs Attention To Domestic Warfare
		Civilian and military officials are trying to decide to what degree to acknowledge that operations like the continuing presence in Iraq - not a full-blown conventional war, but a prolonged commitment - may be such a burden that it would not be possible to also fight two full-scale campaigns elsewhere.
		The force of 138,000 troops in Iraq is only 13,000 smaller than it was at the height of the offensive on Baghdad two years ago, yet the administration describes the campaign not as a major conventional war, but as the leading effort in the nation's fight against terrorism.
		Thompson added that "what we need for conventional victory is different from what we need for fighting insurgents, and fighting insurgents has relatively little connection to stopping the spread of nuclear weapons.
	www.infowars.com /articles/military/pentagon_directs_attention_domestic_warfare.htm (1206 words)

	BarackObama.com \| Plan to End the Iraq War
		In 2002, as the conventional thinking in Washington lined up for war, Obama had the judgment and courage to speak out against the war.
		He said the war would lead to "an occupation of undetermined length, with undetermined costs and undetermined consequences." In January 2007, Obama introduced legislation to responsibly end the war in Iraq, with a phased withdrawal of troops engaged in combat operations.
		Obama has a plan to immediately begin withdrawing our troops engaged in combat operations at a pace of one or two brigades every month, to be completed by the end of next year.
	www.barackobama.com /issues/iraq (903 words)

	Conventional War
		Despite the grisly horror of war, onset of conventional war is one of the most interesting problems of our time, because, as it turns out, its most basic feature (the average years to onset) conforms to concepts more elementary than a multiplication table.
		This is especially pertinent because the average rate of onset dramatically and unambiguously prescribes precisely what levels of peacefulness are required from nations from an ethical perspective.
		When running Nukefix, be sure to employ the "C" command to get the full story.
	www.nukefix.org /conwar.html (94 words)

	Urban Warfare Considerations; Understanding and Combating Irregular and Guerilla Forces During A Conventional War
		As the war went on, Mao gained more and more power, hence he had more and more resources at his disposition, which meant that he could form his own more orthodox army.
		Mao knew that as the war went on he would be eventually able to build an orthodox army.
		They believe that future war would be characterized by: very small independent action forces (SIAF) or cells acting on mission-type orders; a decreased dependence on logistics support; more emphasis on maneuver; and psychological goals rather than physical ones.
	www.emergency.com /2003/urban_warfare_considerations.htm (2942 words)

	John Sponauer - Back to the Future of War: An essay on the principles of war
		They are a far cry from the conventional warfare the military was built for, but America should heed the danger of “preparing for the war we want to fight…not for the conflicts we cannot avoid,” as military analyst Ralph Peters writes.
		Because ‘small wars’ are framed by unique circumstances and depth, those seeking to operate in them need flexibility with planning and application, using a new set of principles valid in nearly all types of similar conflict.
		America owes its warriors the lessons of conventional war that have withstood the test of time, and also apply them to the world they are actually living and fighting in today and tomorrow.
	www.sponauer.com /principlesofwar (3892 words)

	Are U.S. elites planning a horrific Global Nuclear War
		It largely describes war planning as a management decision-making process, where military and strategic objectives are to be achieved, through a mix of instruments, with little concern for the resulting loss of human life.
		In this context, nuclear and conventional weapons are considered to be "part of the tool box", from which military commanders can pick and choose the instruments that they require in accordance with "evolving circumstances" in the "war theatre".
		War propaganda consists in "fabricating an enemy" while conveying the illusion that the Western World is under attack by Islamic terrorists, who are directly supported by the Tehran government.
	www.informationclearinghouse.info /article17206.htm (4469 words)

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