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Topic: Convicts on the First Fleet

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	FIRST FLEET FACTS AND INFORMATION
		The First Fleet is the name given to the group of people and ships who sailed from England in May 1787 to establish the first European colony in New_South_Wales.
		Convicts were delivered to the transports from the hulks and gaols with no reference to skills, or fitness to contribute to the creation of the new colony.
		First contacts were made with the local indigenous people, the Eora, who seemed curious but suspicious of the newcomers.
	www.witwib.com /First_Fleet (1836 words)

	Convicts of the First Fleet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		You are the Governor of NSW and in charge of the Colony and therefore are able to pardon convicts.
		First you have to work out which skills you will need the convicts to have.
		You will go to the First Fleet Database and complete the details on ten convicts you think would be suitable on Worksheet 2.
	www.cap.nsw.edu.au /bb_site_intro/stage2_Modules/Convicts/Convicts.htm (214 words)

	Convicts on the First Fleet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The First Fleet is the name given to the first group of eleven ships that carried convicts from England to Australia in 1788.
		In the late 1980s, a simple software program with a database of convicts became available for Australian school students, both as a history and an information technology learning guide.
		The following is a list of partial details of all convicts who arrived at Botany Bay on January 26, 1788.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Convicts_on_the_First_Fleet (135 words)

	Australia's First Fleet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The first eleven of these ships are today known as the First Fleet and contained the convicts and marines that are now acknowledged as the Founders of Australia.
		These convicts, guilty of petty crimes that were the result of trying to survive the conditions of England at the time (eg stealing a loaf of bread), were the pioneers who - through hard work and perserverance, made the colony survive and expand to the stage of self sufficiency.
		The date of arrival of the First Fleet at Port Jackson (26 January) is today celebrated as Australia Day and is considered in a similar way as the Americans consider 4 July - the day of the birth of a nation.
	www.iigs.org /newsletter/9803news/firstfleet.htm (1745 words)

	Great Changes
		Thus, the first sitting of a civil court in Australia and the first civil case to be heard, occurred at the behest of two convicts under sentence.
		The percentage of the European population which was convict ranged from 74 per cent in the first decade, dipping to 36 per cent in 1804, to 45 per cent in 1820, to 30 per cent in 1840 at the end of transportation, a rough working average of 40 per cent.
		If convicts, emancipists and their children are taken together, they made up 87 per cent of the population in 1828 and 63 per cent in 1841.
	law.anu.edu.au /criminet/neal.html (9137 words)

	PREFACE
		In an attempt to clarify the reasons for transportation, the pages that follow contain all the names of the First Fleet convicts, in the alphabetical order of the most usual spelling of them, with the charge that was the cause of the sentence in detail in which it appears in the source document.
		The entry for each convict ends with a list of the sources from which the information is derived; in other words, each entry has its own bibliography in Appendix D. If name marked "q.v." cannot be found in the text, reference should be made to this appendix.
		(c) that John Bennett, stowed away in the First Fleet on the assumption that life as a convict in a distant colony would be preferable to a fate awaiting him in England.
	www.angelfire.com /country/AustralianHistory/convictpreface.htm (2543 words)

	THE FIRST FLEET 1787 - 1788 THE VOYAGE
		The eleven ships of the fleet under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip RN took their leave from Portsmouth, England early on Sunday 13 May 1787 bound for a virtually unknown shore eight long months and half a world away.
		The first port of call was to be the town of Santa Cruz on Teneriffe in the Canary Islands, there to take on fresh water and vegetables.
		When Captain Arthur Phillip arrived with the First Fleet at New South Wales, one of his acts was to send a small party to Norfolk Island, there to found a secondary settlement with Philip Gidley King as Lieutenant Governor.
	home.vicnet.net.au /~firstff/story.htm (723 words)

	Sydney City Region Travel information, Australia - Museums, Parks, Gardens & Historical Bulidings
		Sydney, first settled by the British as a penal colony on January 26 1788, is a very young city by any standard.
		Various authorities say the First Fleet brought about 1150 people, of whom 750 were convicts sentenced to transportation for crimes as minor as stealing food - though there were hardened criminals among them.
		Convicts were put to work under the harshest conditions to erect public buildings and homes for government officials and free settlers, and The Rocks now has the biggest concentration of historic buildings in Sydney.
	www.sydney.visitorsbureau.com.au /page2-03.html (1540 words)

	Humbul full record view for -- First fleet online
		First Fleet Online is published by the Centre for Educational Development and Interactive Resources, at the University of Wollongong.
		The site is concerned with the First Fleet; the fleet of ships that transported convicts from England to Australia for the first time in 1787, and has been designed to introduce primary source material to history students, although teachers and researchers can also use it.
		Available on the site is a database of the First Fleet convicts, which provides information on the age, gender, occupation, crime, sentence, date of transportation, place of trial, looks and behaviour, partner in crime, date of leaving the colony/of death, marital status and children of the people transported.
	www.humbul.ac.uk /output/full2.php?id=8916 (224 words)

	Australian Convict Information Links : Ballarat Genealogical Society.
		First Fleet Online Database - First Fleet OnLine is a resource for students and teachers of any age, professional historians, family tree enthusiasts, descendants of the First Fleeters, and amateur researchers, anywhere in the world.
		Fellowship of First Fleeters, Northcoast Chapter - A meeting was held at Coffs Harbour in April 1997, to determine the feasibility of forming a Chapter of the Fellowship of First Fleeters on the North Coast.
		Descendants of Convicts Group - In early 1981, some members of the Genealogical Society of Victoria felt that as there was an increasing interest in convicts and the convict system of Australia, the formation of a group dedicated to the promotion of this interest would be beneficial.
	www.ballaratgenealogy.org.au /convicts.htm (1714 words)

	Convicts and the European settlement of Australia - Stories from Australia's Culture and Recreation Portal
		Australia's first bushranger - John Caesar - sentenced at Maidstone, Kent in 1785 was born in the West Indies.
		The colony was proclaimed a British penal settlement in 1849 and the first convicts arrived in 1850.
		Convicts were normally sentenced to 7 or 14 year terms but others had sentences ranging from 10 years to life.
	www.acn.net.au /articles/convicts (1625 words)

	A WOMAN
		Of the 736 convicts in the first fleet, 188 were woman, and only the officers of the marines and the civil officials were allowed to being their wives and children with them.
		Marriage, legal or de facto, was a necessity for physical protection from the hundreds of convicts, soldiers and seamen, as well as a means of ensuring them a regular supply of food.
		Our passage, you may have heard by the first ships, was tolerably favourable; but the inconveniences since suffered for want of shelter, bedding, and c., are not to be imagined by any stranger.
	www.angelfire.com /country/AustralianHistory/womanview.htm (611 words)

	first fleet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The First Fleet refers to that convoy of 11 ships that left England in 1787 to arrive in Australia in 1788.
		The convicts by and large were illiterate, supersitious and uninformed.
		The assembly of the fleet was described as a beaurocratic nightmare.
	www.cowan.edu.au /pa/ecawa/resource/ffleet/intro/intro.htm (145 words)

	bc35 - The Blackheath Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Convicts had only the rights of people in servitude, so in NSW, convicts remained much more under more government protection than they'd been in North America, their status was even more strictly defined.
		The finding is that the First Fleet was ineffectual, but the only firm evidence concerning the matter is Governor Phillip's complaint that the documentation he had at NSW was inadequate.
		Of course, few convicts with useful trades or skills were sent with the First Fleet, but the reason for them to be transported was in their sentence to transportation, not their possession of useful skills.
	www.danbyrnes.com.au /blackheath/thebc35.htm (10481 words)

	First Fleet biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The First Fleet was the fleet of sailing ships that brought the original settlers and convicts to Australia from England.
		Captain Arthur Phillip led the fleet out of Portsmouth, England on May 13, 1787, with eleven ships full of convicts to establish a penal colony in Australia.
		On January 26, 1788, they established the first European settlement on the continent at Sydney Cove (now Sydney) in Port Jackson after Phillip decided that Botany Bay was not suitable for settlement due to a lack of fresh water.
	first-fleet.biography.ms (94 words)

	FIRST FLEET DETAILS
		THIS IS A LIST OF ALL THE CONVICTS ON THE FLEET FLEET BOUND FOR AUSTRALIA THAT LEFT PORTSMOUTH IN MAY 1787.
		THE FIRST FLEET ARRIVED AT BOTANY BAY IN JANUARY 1788.
		They are listed with surname first, then the area in the UK they are from, lastly the number represents the years they were to be transported, although even when their term was up, they would not be allowed to return to England.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Rhodes/3567/first.htm (348 words)

	Convicts of the First Fleet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This time transporting the convicts was in the hands of private contractors.
		A sight most outrageous to our eyes were the marks of leg irons upon the convicts, some so deep that one could nigh on see the bones.
		It also, howsoever, gives the names of convicts who, for various reasons of death etc., did not travel with the Fleet to New South Wales.
	www.aquarius.aust.com /~perthdps/convicts/2ndfleet.html (441 words)

	First Fleet - Links
		This reinterpretation of Australia's convict past is based on an analysis of the detailed records of 20,000 male and female convicts transported to Australia.
		The first database was developed by Sandra Wills, based on John Cobley's book The Crimes of the First Fleet Convicts, and published in 1981 on TASNET, a statewide Digital timesharing network for Tasmanian schools.
		While the collection of convict petitions dates from the beginning of transportation from Ireland to Australia in 1791, all transportation registers compiled before 1836 were destroyed.
	firstfleet.uow.edu.au /links.html (1895 words)

	Reinhard Donath: Convicts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Convicts would eat and sleep on the hulks, and be taken to work on the land every day.
		The First Fleet of 1787 was the greatest migratory voyage attempted by man. It travelled further than any other migratory passage, it carried more people, and it went to a land about which the voyagers' ignorance was total.
		Most of the First Fleet convicts were citizens of London.
	www.englisch.schule.de /perthcon.htm (1922 words)

	First Fleet
		Use the websites below to research the ship the convict was transported on; other ships in the first fleet and the provisions of the first fleet.
		After studying the journey of the First Fleet you might now know how it felt to be a convict on the First Fleet’s journey to Botany Bay.
		Imagine you are the convict on the First Fleet and write a letter home about your journey.
	www.teachers.ash.org.au /relearn/2003/firstfleet.htm (591 words)

	THE FIRST FLEET (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The First Fleet were the first people to bring convicts to Australia.
		The first settlers had run out of food, so they were angry to hear that.
		He was the leader of the First Fleet which landed at Botany Bay 1788.He was chosen by Lord Sydney.
	www.schools.ash.org.au /wyongps/first.htm (291 words)

	First Fleet - Stories
		In August 1783 the Swift was bound for Nova Scotia in America with 143 convicts (from Newgate prison and two of the Thames river hulks).
		The convicts rose against the crew beyond the Scilly Islands, but were forced to turn back because of bad weather.
		The Mercury was found at Torbay, where 66 of the convicts were retaken, others (Charles Peat and John Harris) being found as far afield as London.
	firstfleet.uow.edu.au /s_mutiny.html (241 words)

	Sydney History
		Some of the more unusual crimes that people were convicted of and sentenced to being sent to the colonies included setting fire to underwood and stealing children with their apparel.
		The fleet comprised of the frigate HMS Sirius, four storeships, the armed tender Supply, the Golden Grove, Borrowdale, Fishburn and six transports, the Scarborough, Lady Penrhyn, Friendship, Charlotte, the Prince of Wales and the Alexander.
		When the rest of the fleet arrived on the 19th, much to Phillip’s surprise, it was decided to go further north, to Port Jackson (now known as Sydney Harbour).
	www.sydney-australia.biz /history (618 words)

	Convicts of the First Fleet
		The third fleet of 11 ships [Atlantic, William and Ann, Britannia, Matilda, Salamander, Albemarle, Mary Anne, Admiral Barrington, Active and Gorgon] arrived in 1791, with over 2000 convicts.
		The newspaper report states that 194 male convicts and 4 female convicts died during the voyage, and that though conditions on board ship weren't as "diabolical" as the previous year, they were still outrageous.
		The convicts from Ireland who arrived on board the "Queen" are not included in the newspaper lists.
	members.iinet.net.au /%7Eperthdps/convicts/3rdfleet.html (190 words)

	First Fleet - Objectives
		First Fleet Online consists of information about the convicts who were transported to Australia in 1787.
		First Fleet OnLine is a resource for students and teachers of any age, professional historians, family tree enthusiasts, descendants of the First Fleeters, and amateur researchers, anywhere in the world.
		First Fleet OnLine is also an opportunity for university teachers to explore and discuss a model for design of online subjects, one that hopefully demonstrates the capability of the web to go beyond publication of lecture notes, towards research and analysis of data, and formation of worldwide communities of scholars.
	cedir.uow.edu.au /programs/FirstFleet/objectv.html (232 words)

	European discovery and the colonisation of Australia - Stories from Australia's Culture and Recreation Portal
		The First Fleet was under prepared for the task, and the soil around Sydney Cove was poor.
		The Second Fleet's arrival in 1790 provided badly needed food and supplies; however the newly arrived convicts were too ill, with many near to death, to be useful to the colony.
		The first civil case heard in Australia, in July 1788, was brought by a convict couple who successfully sued the captain of the ship in which they had been transported for the loss of a parcel.
	www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au /articles/australianhistory (1664 words)

	First Fleet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Eleven ships commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip which brought the contingent of seamen, marines and some families, and convicts to the first European settlement on the East Coast of Australia.
		Term applied to a second group of six ships carrying convicts and supplies to the new settlement at Sydney Cove and which also carried the first detachments of the New South Wales Corps.
		The first to arrive in Sydney was the Mary Ann on the 9th July 1791 and the last oned arrive on 17th October 1791.
	www.alhs.org.au /firstfl.htm (227 words)

	firstfleet
		As an introduction to Settlement of Australia the children will research the ships of the First Fleet plus research and record information on the convicts aboard the First Fleet.
		On convicts from First Fleet complete a comprehensive report on the convicts.
		On the 13th May 1787 the First Fleet of 11 ships set sail from Plymouth, England, for the shores of Botany Bay.
	www.horshamps.vic.edu.au /FIRSTF%7E1.HTM (185 words)

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