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	PAGE GEL STAINING (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		For optimal visualization of proteins on Coomassie blue stained gels, additional protein needs to be loaded relative to that used for Western blots.
		Coomassie Blue staining is reported to be 3 times more sensitive than Fast Green and 6 more sensitive than Amido Black.
		Coomassie blue is used to stain the gel, not a Western blot membrane.
	omrf.ouhsc.edu /~frank/SILVER.html (867 words)

	Coomassie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coomassie (also known as Brilliant Blue, Brilliant Blue G, Acid Blue 90, C.I., or Brilliant Blue G 250) is a blue dye commonly used in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
		Coomassie dye is an integral component of the Bradford Method for determing protein concentration in a solution.
		This is based on the fact that Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 in acid solution has an absorbance shift from 465 nm to 595 nm when it is bound to protein.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coomassie (259 words)

	Rapid Coomassie Stain
		Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining as commonly practiced is simple, reliable and economical but lacks the sensitivity often needed in protein analysis and requires rather lengthy staining (up to 6 hours) and background destaining (up to 48 hours) protocols.
		Rapid Coomassie Stain is a unique Coomassie blue based formulation where the dye is preferentially absorbed by the protein bands rather than by the gel matrix, thus completely eliminating the destaining step.
		Rapid Coomassie Stain is a simple 2-step procedure consisting of a 10 minute incubation in TCA followed by a 20-40 minute incubation in Rapid Coomassie Stain.
	www.divbio.com /contents/en-us/d173.html (253 words)

	Bradford Assay, Development, Tobacco Hornworm, Research Link 2000
		Unbound Coomassie Blue absorbs light maximally at a wavelength of 465 nm, while the absorption maximum is at 595 nm when the dye is bound to protein.
		Coomassie blue (the dye in the Bradford Reagent), phosphoric acid, and methanol are very harmful when swallowed, absorbed through the skin or splashed in the eyes.
		Coomassie blue, phosphoric acid, and methanol are components of the Bradford Reagent.
	www.acad.carleton.edu /curricular/BIOL/resources/rlink/lab2p2.html (964 words)

	Resources - Coomassie Plus Protein Assay Reagent
		The Coomassie Plus Protein Assay is based on an absorbance shift from 465 nm to 595 nm that occurs when the reagent binds to proteins in an acidic solution.
		Pierce Coomassie Plus Protein Assay Reagent is a quick and ready-to-use modification of the well-known Bradford, Coomassie dye-binding, colorimetric method for total protein quantitation.1 This Bradford reagent modification greatly reduces the tendency of Coomassie dye-containing reagents to give a characteristically nonlinear response curve.
		When Coomassie dye binds protein in an acidic medium, an immediate absorbance shift occurs from 465 nm to 595 nm, with a simultaneous color change of the reagent from green/brown (or red/brown) to blue.
	www.piercenet.com /resources/browse.cfm?fldID=45E20F41-58C0-48FF-8DE1-384477718DB1&Format=Print (920 words)

	Coomassie: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Coomassie (also known as Brilliant Blue dye) is a blue dye commonly used in sodium dodecyl sulfate[For more info, click on this link] polyacrylamide polyacrylamide quick summary:
		Coomassie was first described by the German scientist Volker Neuhoff (Electrophoresis 1985, EHandler: no quick summary.
		Neuhoff spent much of his childhood in Africa and was struck by the startling similarity between the bright blue dye and the clear ocean waters of Kumasi.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/coomassie.htm (260 words)

	NIBSC CJD Resource Centre-NPOR00121 Coomassie gel
		Samples were run on a gel and coomassie brilliant blue stained to demonstrate protein purity.
		Samples were prepared as serial dilutions in PBS (phosphate buffered saline).An equal volume of 2X denaturation gel loading buffer was added and samples were heated to 95°C for 5 mins.
		Gels were stained with coomassie brilliant blue, washed with destain and visualised by UVP image analysis.
	www.nibsc.ac.uk /cjd/ds_NP0R00121/coomassie.html (84 words)

	Olympus MIC-D: Polarized Light Gallery - Brilliant Blue (Coomassie Blue)
		Known also as coomassie blue, brilliant blue is a synthetic heterocyclic organic stain, which binds nonspecifically to virtually all proteins.
		Coomassie blue binds to proteins in an approximately stoichometric manner, meaning that when the relative amounts of protein need to be assessed, densitometry of the stained protein will provide data.
		Acidified coomassie blue dye changes from reddish-brown to blue when it binds to protein molecules.
	www.olympusmicro.com /micd/galleries/polarized/brilliantblue.html (459 words)

	The Scientist : Dye Hard: Protein Gel Staining Products
		Coomassie Blue was indeed originally manufactured as an acid wool dye, or a dye that stains wool under acidic conditions (C.M. Wilson, Methods in Enzymology, 91:236-47, 1983).
		Known as Coomassie Blue G-250 and Coomassie Blue R-250, the dyes stain with green and reddish tints, respectively.
		The Colloidal Coomassie G-250 Stain from Zaxis is as sensitive as the Merril Silver Stain procedure (described later) and is highly quantitative with minimal background.
	www.the-scientist.com /article/display/18035 (4631 words)

	W.M. Keck Facility at Yale - Sample Preparation for In Situ Enzymatic Digestion in SDS Page Gels
		Since Coomassie Blue staining intensity varies by at least two-fold (depending upon the protein) it is important that more than one standard protein be run on the same gel as the sample and that an average staining intensity be used to estimate the amount of protein in the sample.
		Since this estimate may well determine the procedures that may be taken to either identify the protein or to obtain internal Edman sequences, it is extremely important that the estimate of the amount of protein submitted be as accurate as reasonably possible.
		However, regardless of the [Coomassie Blue], the gel should be exposed to 10% acetic acid, 50% methanol for a total (stain plus destain) period of at least 3 hours (with shaking and at least three solvent changes) to ensure adequate removal of SDS.
	keck.med.yale.edu /prochem/stain.htm (1098 words)

	FAQ
		Coomassie blue-stained 2D gel (~300 ug, left) and PVDF blot (~100 ug protein, right) of Eukaryotic cell line Tera I. Conditions: pH 3.5-10 ampholines, 8% acrylamide slab gels.
		Protein concentrations for complex samples such as cell lysates should be about 5 mg/ml for Coomassie blue and 1 mg/ml for silver staining since the maximum volume that can be loaded is 50 ul.
		The rule of thumb is that a polypeptide spot must be fairly dark with Coomassie blue-staining on a 2D gel to be in range for sequencing.
	www.kendricklabs.com /example.htm (1912 words)

	[No title]
		I would like to know if a gel after being stained by coomassie blue, and then destained acoordingly, could be used for transfer onto the membrane.
		This was done by comparing the coomassie blue stain with the ponceau stain pattern.
		The thing is that coomassie and destain contains MeOH and acetic acid which fix the proteins, precipitate them in the gel.
	www.protocol-online.org /forums/index.php?showtopic=5627 (366 words)

	W.M. Keck Facility at Yale - Sample Preparation for In Situ Enzymatic Digestion in SDS Page Gels
		Since Coomassie Blue staining intensity varies by at least two-fold (depending upon the protein) it is important that more than one standard protein be run on the same gel as the sample and that an average staining intensity be used to estimate the amount of protein in the sample.
		Since this estimate may well determine the procedures that may be taken to either identify the protein or to obtain internal Edman sequences, it is extremely important that the estimate of the amount of protein submitted be as accurate as reasonably possible.
		However, regardless of the [Coomassie Blue], the gel should be exposed to 10% acetic acid, 50% methanol for a total (stain plus destain) period of at least 3 hours (with shaking and at least three solvent changes) to ensure adequate removal of SDS.
	info.med.yale.edu /wmkeck/prochem/stain.htm (1098 words)

	By Sheer Pluck by G. A. Henty: Chapter XVI. Captives in Coomassie
		A violent attack of fever, brought on by their exertions in the sun, prostrated both the white travelers a few days after the termination of the siege, and it was some weeks before they were able to renew their journey.
		In order to settle matters amicably they sent an envoy to Coomassie with presents for the king, and obtained from him a repudiation of his former letter, and a solemn acknowledgment that the money was not paid as a tribute.
		He would not hear of their paying either for provisions or bearers, saying that they were the king's guests, and it would be an insult to him were they to pay for anything.
	www.online-literature.com /ga-henty/by-sheer-pluck/16 (3547 words)

	The Scientist : Array of Assays
		The absorbance maximum of Coomassie Blue G-250 shifts from 465 to 595 nm on binding, forming the characteristic blue-colored compound readily measured by a spectrophotometer.
		The first, the Coomassie Protein Assay Reagent, consists of a ready-to-use formulation of dye and demonstrates all of the typical characteristics of the published Bradford method.
		To illustrate, a comparison of the estimated protein concentrations for 23 different purified proteins as determined by the Coomassie Blue (Bradford) and Lowry assays demonstrated that the Coomassie Blue assay had twice the standard deviation as the Lowry.
	www.the-scientist.com /article/display/12111 (2690 words)

	::Turner BioSystems:: Sensitive, affordable, and easy to use luminometer and fluorometer for life sciences, ...
		The Modulus™ by Turner BioSystems in combination with the Pierce's Coomassie Plus™ Assay kit provides a convenient procedure for quantifying protein.
		When the Coomassie dye binds protein the absorption maximum shifts from 465 nm to 595 nm.
		Bradford Assay was performed on the Modulus using the Absorbance Module, the 600 nm filter, and the Coomassie Plus Reagent.
	www.turnerbiosystems.com /doc/appnotes/S_0116.php (503 words)

	Stoichiometry of LHCI antenna polypeptides and characterization of gap and linker pigments in higher plants Photosystem ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Coomassie quantification was verified to be linearly dependent on protein amount between 0.1 and 1 µg and 2–10 µg of Chls loaded, respectively, for recombinant Lhca and PSI-LHCI samples.
		The amount of Coomassie bound to Lhca1–4 polypeptides per µg of Chl loaded is reported in the case of PSI–LHCI (left) and recombinant complexes (right).
		Values are expressed, respectively, as µg of Coomassie and IOD, the optical density integrated in the whole area of the band.
	content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/271/23-24/4659 (4207 words)

	Boston Bioproducts Inc - Protein Molecular Weight Markers
		Prestained markers are ideal to assess the effeciency of protein transfer from the gel to the membrane.These markers are supplied as low and high range.
		After running the gel these markers can be visualized by Coomassie blue stains or by any other conventional stains.
		Since the concentration of Coomassie stain used for staining the gels is lower than that of basic protocol, the background of the gels stays relatively clear.
	www.bostonbioproducts.com /products/RF_Protein_Analysis/3.htm (1184 words)

	Stanley, Henry M, COOMASSIE: The Story of The Campaign In Africa 1878-4, Being the First Part of the Original Volume ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		COOMASSIE AND MAGDALA is the story of the great British campaigns in East and West Africa.
		Here COOMASSIE is published for the first time in one volume of its own, a complete account of the British Campaign with some superb illustrations.
		Coomassie was a town insulated by a deadly swamp.
	www.polybiblio.com /bud/15480.html (290 words)

	WesternBlotting.org - Coomassie Brilliant Blue Protein Stain
		Coomassie Brilliant Blue R250, binds nonspecifically to virtually all proteins.
		Coomassie Blue staining is less sensitive than silver staining, but effective nonetheless - in addition to being easy to perform.
		Excess Coomassie stain will be washed out during destaining (30 min).
	www.westernblotting.org /Coomassie.htm (118 words)

	Coomassie - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Between 1869 and 1871 the Herald’s proprietor, James Gordon Bennett, sent Stanley to report on the opening of the Suez Canal in Egypt, then to...
		Kumasi (Ghana), formerly Coomassie, city, central Ghana, capital of the Ashanti Region, in a dense forest belt.
		Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Coomassie.html (72 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An acidic organic dye which can be used in the present invention includes Zincon (formula 1), Coomassie brilliant blue R (formula 2), Coomassie brilliant blue G (formula 3), Calconcarboxylic acid (formula 4), and Eriochrome fl T (formula 5).
		Coomassie brilliant blue G(42665) Variamine blue Crystal violet Coomassie.
		Since Zincon on Coomassie brilliant blue is sensitive, clean glassware were used and the gels were washed for 30 minutes.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/05575.000203&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3254 words)

	The Scientist : Cozap: Coomassie Blue Dye Removal
		The Coomassie blue binds irreversibly to the COZAP, leaving the destain solution as colorless as a freshly made batch.
		According to Sialomed's enthusiastic president, Dr. Ashok K. Shukla, COZAP works with all types of Coomassie staining methods, from the old-fashioned methanol and acetic acid technique to the newer colloidal Coomassie staining procedures.
		And because Coomassie blue is a natural product, there's no need to worry about throwing a used piece of COZAP into the regular trash.
	www.the-scientist.com /article/display/17674 (392 words)

	Genotech - Assay for Protein Quantification
		Each assay is available individually to allow teaching of a specific assay, without the option of comparing and contrasting with other assays.
		The Coomassie Blue Dye Protein Assay is based on the binding of protein molecules to Coomassie dye under acidic conditions.
		The binding of protein to the dye results in a spectral shift, the color of Coomassie solution changes from brown (absorbance maximum 465nm) to blue (absorbance maximum 610nm).
	www.gbiosciences.com /Protein-Assay-desc.aspx (384 words)

	Protein Detection
		Coomassie Brilliant Blue (R-250) - sensitivity of approximately 100 ng.
		Colloidal Coomassie Brilliant Blue (G-250) - slightly better sensitivity than R-250 and is compatible with mass spectrometry analysis.
		Wash SDS from gel with three consecutive washes (10 min each) in MilliQ water. Longer washes may be necessary for 18 and 24 cm gels. It is critical to remove residual SDS from gel prior to staining.
	proteomics.missouri.edu /protocols/proteinDetection.html (556 words)

	OHSU Proteomics Shared Resource: Gel Protocols - Coomassie Stain
		In general, coomassie stained protein bands offer an excellent chance of success in obtaining useful proteomic information.
		Almost any protein that can be visualized using coomassie will yield interpretable mass spectrometric data.
		Your choice of commercial coomassie R250 stain or 0.1% Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 in 50% methanol, 10% acetic acid.
	www.ohsu.edu /proteomics/sampleprep/coomassie.cfm (258 words)

	Protein Gel Stained with Coomassie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This is a protein gel (SDS-PAGE) that has been stained with Coomassie Blue.
		This figure has from 3,000 ng (far left lane) to 8 ng (far right lane) of total protein loaded in the lanes.
		The proteins have been stained with coomassie blue.
	www.bio.davidson.edu /courses/genomics/method/SDSPAGE/coomassie.html (54 words)

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