Copeland's method - Factbites

Copeland's method - Factbites
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Topic: Copeland's method

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	Neo-Nazi terrorism
		A David Copeland does not need to be accepted into some inner sanctum in order to become a terrorist; as a mere foot-soldier in the far right, everything he needs, in terms of encouragement, method and know-how is so commonly available to him as to be almost mundane.
		Copeland was active in the BNP in East London from early 1997, and later joined a small C18 splinter group.
		Far from being a loner as he was initially portrayed, David Copeland is simply another demonstration of the direct line between the incitement-filled, hate-driven ideology of the far right, and the kind of murderous violence seen in London last year.
	www.ict.org.il /articles/articledet.cfm?articleid=118 (1786 words)

	Pairwise Methods Demonstration
		Currently, it calcuates the Condorcet, Copeland, and Smith winners.
		To use this, enter a two column, comma-separated list of candidate number and candidate names below.
	www.eskimo.com /%7Erobla/politics/condorcet-front.html (1786 words)

	OPEN-YOUR-EYESFrame1Source1.htm
		listen to miles copeland III's spoken part from the song 'method to my madness"
		miles copeland III was the founder of irs records, who the lords of the new church were signed to.
		the story goes that stiv was called into the irs offices to speak with the younger copeland, but when he was buzzed into the office, instead two "men in black" were waiting to speak to him.
	www.stivbators.com /OPEN-YOUR-EYESFrame1Source1.htm (223 words)

	MSN Encarta - Classification
		In 1938 American biologist Herbert Copeland argued that the distinctions between prokaryotes and eukaryotes were so fundamental that prokaryotes merited a fourth kingdom of their own called Kingdom Monera (now called Kingdom Prokaryotae).
		In the 1950s, American biologist Robert H. Whittaker proposed adding a fifth kingdom, Kingdom Fungi, based on fungi’s unique method of obtaining food.
		In the 1930s, these differences led French marine biologist Edouard Chatton to make a crucial distinction between prokaryotes, organisms such as bacteria that lack nuclei, and eukaryotes, more complex organisms that have nuclei.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761576239 (2669 words)

	OPEN-YOUR-EYESFrame1Source1.htm
		listen to miles copeland III's spoken part from the song 'method to my madness"
		miles copeland III was the founder of irs records, who the lords of the new church were signed to.
		the story goes that stiv was called into the irs offices to speak with the younger copeland, but when he was buzzed into the office, instead two "men in black" were waiting to speak to him.
	www.stivbators.com /OPEN-YOUR-EYESFrame1Source1.htm (223 words)

	Voting system: Encyclopedia topic
		Copeland's method (Copeland's method: copelands method is a condorcet method in which the winner is determined by finding...
		[follow hyperlink for more...]) (for his independent discovery of the Condorcet method (Condorcet method: any election method conforming to the condorcet criterion is known as a condorcet method....
		[follow hyperlink for more...]), the Borda count (Borda count: more facts about this subject), or a Condorcet method (Condorcet method: any election method conforming to the condorcet criterion is known as a condorcet method....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/voting_system (3661 words)

	BBC NEWS Programmes Panorama Archive The Nailbomber June 30 2000
		Myatt, the group's intellectual, shaped the ideas that propelled David Copeland on his road to terrorism.
		But the man whose ideas had more influence than most on Copeland was David Myatt from Worcestershire, founder member of the NSM and its first leader.
		When David Copeland was arrested he admitted that the book had influenced him.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/events/panorama/811720.stm (558 words)

	Patentee Index
		Bahel, Vijay; and Hossain, Altaf, to Copeland Corporation Condensing unit performance simulator and method 06775995 Cl. 62-127.
		Baselmans, Johannes Jacobus Matheus; to ASML Netherlands B.V. Method of calibration of a lithographic apparatus, mask for use in calibration of lithographic apparatus, lithographic apparatus, device manufacturing method, device manufactured thereby 06777139 Cl. 430-5.
		Bisaro, David M.; to Ohio State University Research Foundation Method of enhancing plant resistance to geminiviruses by transformation with a SNF-1 polynucleotide 06777587 Cl. 800-279.
	www.uspto.gov /web/patents/patog/week33/OG/patentee/alphaB_Utility.htm (558 words)

	Vote Aggregation Methods
		The voting method should reveal not only that x is ahead of y, but by how much [86].
		The Copeland rule selects the alternative with the largest Copeland index, which is the number of times an alternative beats other alternatives minus the number of times that alternative loses to other alternatives when the alternatives are considered in pairwise comparisons.
		In Cambridge elections, votes are redistributed through a method of controlled randomness.
	lorrie.cranor.org /pubs/diss/node4.html (8348 words)

	BBC NEWS Programmes Panorama Archive The Nailbomber June 30 2000
		The book, which is sold through BNP magazines, also provided Oklahoma bomber Timothy McVeigh with his ideas and method.
		One of their infiltrators in the BNP, codenamed Arthur, got to know David Copeland in the summer of 1997 when he first joined the party.
		But despite many letters between Copeland and his political leaders, when his terror campaign began, the police Special Branch had never heard of David Copeland.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/events/panorama/811720.stm (558 words)

	Another Eclectic Web Page - Science
		Ranked Pairs (RP), and variants such as Maximize Affirmed Majorities (MAM, a Condorset method) and Maximum Majority Voting (MMV), Cloneproof Schwartz Sequential Dropping (CSSD, a Condorset method), Copeland's method
		Majoritarian or Plurality / Majority methods (single vote)
		Pairwise methods (single vote per pair), Condorcet methods
	torontoactivities.tripod.com /ScienceIndex.html (2707 words)

	SSRN-References Cited 'Waging War Against Mechanical Man. Frank H. Knight's Critique of Behavioristic Psychology' by Pier Asso, Luca Fiorito
		Emmett R. "Frank H. Knight on the Conflict of Values in Economic Life," Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology, 9, 87-103.
		Fiorito L - Samuels W. "The Quantitative Method in Economics: Its Promise, Strength and Limits," Research in the History of Economic thought and Methodology, Vol.
		Copeland M. "Communities of Economic Interest and the Price System." in Tugwell R. Copeland M. "Professor Knight on Psychology," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 40 (November), 134-151.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/RefUsedIn.cfm?abid=314730 (401 words)

	Ballot Paper [Definition]
		Voting systems which use a ranked ballot include: Borda count Bucklin voting Condorcet methods (including Copeland's method and Cloneproof Schwartz Sequential Dropping) Coombs' method Instant-runoff voting Single Transferable Vote Preferential voting is a synonym for inst...
		Ranked ballots The term preferential voting (or preference voting) has several different meanings: A ranked ballot or preferential voting system is a type of voting system in which each voter casts their vote by ranking candidates in order of preference.
	www.wikimirror.com /Ballot_paper (401 words)

	FSCC39 results
		Richard wins by the Copeland method, however, so I declare Richard Sabey the winner of FSCC39 - congratulation to him and Luciano.
		Using the web page http://world.std.com/~wij/puzzles/condorcet.html to analyse the results gives a tie for first place between Luciano Ward and Richard Sabey, using the Condorcet method.
		Here is the mapping of puzzle numbers to entrants: 1, Jim Sherman 2, Davy King 3, Mark Iredell 4, Richard Sabey 5, Luciano Ward 6, Paul Berriman And here are the ballots received 1>4>3>5>6>2 3>5>6=4=1>2 6>5>4>3>1>2 4>6>1>5>3>2 5>6>4>1>3>2 2>3>4>5>1=6 Below are presented all the entries, including explanations, and the comments received on each puzzle.
	www.usenet.com /newsgroups/rec.puzzles.crosswords/msg01595.html (401 words)

	Condorcet criterion - Wikpedia
		Black, Smith/IRV, Copeland, minimax, Smith/minimax, ranked pairs and variations (maximize affirmed majorities, maximum majority voting), Schulze and variations (Schwartz sequential dropping, cloneproof Schwartz sequential dropping) comply with the Condorcet criterion.
		Any method conforming to the Condorcet criterion is known as a Condorcet method.
		Approval voting, Range voting, Borda count, plurality voting, and instant-runoff voting do not.
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Condorcet_criterion (277 words)

	[EM] strength vs. length: Short Ranked Pairs (SRP)
		Short Ranked Pairs (SRP) is a modification of Ranked Pairs into the direction of methods like Kemeny and Copeland.
		One way would be to slightly modify one of the nice immune methods, like Ranked Pairs.
		Fortunately, this method can be proved to be monotone and cloneproof, and there is also a constructive way to find the winner: Algorithm for SHORT RANKED PAIRS (SRP) -------------------------------------- Process the defeats in order of decreasing strength.
	lists.electorama.com /pipermail/election-methods-electorama.com/2004-November/014208.html (873 words)

	Condorcet Criterion - Electowiki
		Black, Condorcet//Approval, Smith/IRV, Copeland, Minmax, Smith/Minmax, ranked pairs and variations (maximize affirmed majorities, maximum majority voting), Schulze and variations (Schwartz sequential dropping, cloneproof Schwartz sequential dropping) comply with the Condorcet criterion.
		Any method conforming to the Condorcet criterion is known as a Condorcet method.
		Approval voting, Range voting, Borda count, plurality voting, and instant-runoff voting do not.
	wiki.electorama.com /wiki/Condorcet_Criterion (873 words)

	Mental Health Recovery Resources
		Mary Ellen Copeland and her staff cannot address personal mental health problems and issues.
		Self-help mental health involving reading books by Abraham Low, MD, attending weekly meetings, and practicing the recovery method in everyday life.
		MIEP seeks to improve understanding of mental illness through the production of video-based programs for use by people with psychiatric conditions, their families, mental health practitioners, administrators, and educators, as well as the general public.
	www.mentalhealthrecovery.com /resources.html (1231 words)

	Opinions on D:Fuse, Bonham, Behrouz, Copeland, Deepsky (dj) - Tranceaddict Forums
		and then deepsky dj set..well, so many dj sets by producers (such as crystal method) often dissapoint....i'll get back to you on that
		Opinions on D:Fuse, Bonham, Behrouz, Copeland, Deepsky (dj)
		DJ Mea (Moonshine)---------house no?....isn't she uber hot though :)
	www.tranceaddict.com /forums/showthread/t-88215.html (461 words)

	Seabird 2000 Survey
		The method has been tested at other colonies where the burrows could be opened to check for occupancy.
		The organisers of the survey asked us to supply details for the Observatory and for nearby Mew Island and Big Copeland.
		The whole colony occupies approximately 35,400 square metres (8.5 acres), perhaps one fifth to one quarter of the area of the Island above the rocky shoreline.
	website.lineone.net /~kmandjs/census.htm (461 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Condorcet method
		Black, Smith/IRV, Copeland, minimax, Smith/minimax, ranked pairs and variations (maximize affirmed majorities, maximum majority voting), Schulze and variations (Schwartz sequential dropping, cloneproof Schwartz sequential dropping) comply with the Condorcet criterion.
		Any method conforming to the Condorcet criterion is known as a Condorcet method.
		Approval voting, Range voting, Borda count, plurality voting, and instant-runoff voting do not.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Condorcet_winner (461 words)

	The Church-Turing Thesis
		Copeland, B.J. ‘Turing's O-machines, Penrose, Searle, and the Brain’.
		If Turing's thesis is correct, then talk about the existence and non-existence of effective methods can be replaced throughout mathematics and logic by talk about the existence or non-existence of Turing machine programs.
		One of Turing's achievements in his paper of 1936 was to present a formally exact predicate with which the informal predicate ‘can be calculated by means of an effective method’ may be replaced.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/church-turing (4930 words)

	Neo-Nazi terrorism
		A David Copeland does not need to be accepted into some inner sanctum in order to become a terrorist; as a mere foot-soldier in the far right, everything he needs, in terms of encouragement, method and know-how is so commonly available to him as to be almost mundane.
		The police, who were told by Kerr that he is “a racist and a supporter of the British National Party,” found piles of BNP and C18 literature at Kerr’s home, alongside swastikas and photographs of Hitler.
		Both the justification and motivation for terrorism and the strategy by which it should be executed have been available within the far right ever since William Pierce and Louis Beam penned their incitement-filled texts.
	www.ict.org.il /articles/neonazi_terrorism.htm (4930 words)

	Ben Muse: Medieval public choice theory
		Lull promoted the method of pairwise comparison, and proposes the Copeland rule to select a winner.
		Although the social choice advances of ancient Greece and Rome were not rediscovered until the high middle ages, the rational design of choice institutions predated their rediscovery and took some new paths.
		As is now popular in political science, we wish to take institutions seriously as both a rational response to dilemmas in which rational agents found themselves and a frame to which later rational agents adapted their behaviour in turn.
	benmuse.typepad.com /ben_muse/2005/04/medieval_public_1.html (490 words)

	Bradshaw and Whelan British - porcelain books, ceramic books, pottery books, marks
		Includes various essays by David Drakard, Robert Copeland, Elizabeth Collard, John Potter, etc. This is a catalogue to accompany the exhibition of British Blue Transfer Printed Earthenware celebrating the 25th anniversary of Friends of Blue held at The Wedgwood Museum in 1998.
		Contents:Introduction: Pot-lids and why they were produced, Dating Pot-lids, How do we identify whether lids are early or late examples?, Valuing lids, Cleaning lids and ware, Underprints, Method of Production, Borders on lids, Pictures on lids.
		Flow Blue and other transfer print decorated wares produced from 1880 to 1925 by the potters of England's famous Staffordshire pottery district are illustrated in over 740 color images and line drawings, along with the pottery body shapes and the manufacturers' marks.
	www.ceramicbooks.com /british.htm (490 words)

	The Church-Turing Thesis
		Copeland, B.J. ‘Turing's O-machines, Penrose, Searle, and the Brain’.
		One of Turing's achievements in his paper of 1936 was to present a formally exact predicate with which the informal predicate ‘can be calculated by means of an effective method’ may be replaced.
		Turing introduces his machines with the intention of providing an idealised description of a certain human activity, the tedious one of numerical computation, which until the advent of automatic computing machines was the occupation of many thousands of people in business, government, and research establishments.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/church-turing (490 words)

	Patentee Index
		Hahn, Hermann; and Lang, Axel, to Volkswagen AG Method for monitoring the functioning of a NOx sensor arranged in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine 06843240 Cl. 123-688.
		Copeland, Robert A.; Albright, Charles F.; Combs, Andrew P.; Dowling, Randine L.; Graciani, Nilsa R.; Han, Wei; Higley, C. Anne; Huang, Pearl S.; Yue, Eddy W.; and DiMeo, Susan V. Cl. 514-8.
		Han, Soo-Chul; and Podilchuk, Christine, to Lucent Technologies Inc. Motion estimation and compensation for video compression 06845130 Cl. 375-240.16.
	www.uspto.gov /web/patents/patog/week03/OG/patentee/alphaH.htm (9295 words)

	Preferential voting - Wikpedia
		Condorcet methods (including Copeland's method and Cloneproof Schwartz Sequential Dropping)
		Preferential voting is a synonym for instant-runoff voting, especially in Australia, where such ballots are actually in use in elections.
		Voting systems which use a ranked ballot include:
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Preferential_voting (9295 words)

	Electer
		In the Copeland method, for each candidate, a score is calculated: this is twice the number of pairwise contests he won plus the number of pairwise contests he drew.
		The Schwartz set is the union of all the minimal unbeaten sets.
		Schwartz sequential dropping works by first finding the Schwartz set.
	www.rsabey.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /rpc/home/elect.html (9295 words)

	precise definitions
		But the important thing is that the criterion is precisely stated (at least Bruce never said it wasn't), and Copeland fails both parts of it in a big way, and Condorcet strictly meets 1 part (the part about ordinary plausible conditions), and meets the other part for all practical purposes.
		This property of Condorcet's method should be quite obvious without proof.
		Plainly if a majority of the voters rank A over B, but no other alternative has a majority ranking something over it, B is a big loser by Condorcet's choice rule.
	lists.electorama.com /htdig.cgi/election-methods-electorama.com/1996-June/000470.html (1807 words)

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