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Topic: Coptic Popes

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	Northoftampa: Ancient faith, new year
		The Coptic Orthodox Church, founded by the apostle Mark around 50 A.D., marked the coming of 1717 on its calendar with reflection and prayers at one of the few Coptic churches in the state.
		Coptic tradition shares many of the basic beliefs and practice of other Christian churches, such as the importance of scripture and the divinity of Christ, but there are plenty of differences too.
		Pope Shenouda III, the 117th Coptic pope, is referred to as the Pope of Alexandria, although Coptic popes nowadays live in Cairo.
	www.sptimes.com /News/091401/Northoftampa/Ancient_faith__new_ye.shtml (1080 words)

	Wikipedia: Coptic Christianity
		Coptic Christianity is the indigenous Christianity that was established by the apostle Mark in Egypt in the middle of the first century CE (approximately 60 CE) The Coptic Orthodox Church is one of the Oriental Orthodox churches.
		By some accounts there are approximately 50 million Coptic Orthodox Christians, primarily in Egypt, Ethiopia, and Eritrea, and in significant numbers in Sudan and Israel, and in diaspora throughout the world.
		Since the 1980s theologians from the two groups have been meeting to try to resolve the theological differences, and have concluded that many of the differences are caused by the two groups using different terminology to describe the same thing.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/c/co/coptic_christianity.html (1101 words)

	The Other Catholics: A Short Guide to the Eastern Catholic Churches
		In 1895, Pope Leo XIII of Rome reestablished the patriarchate of Alexandria for the Coptic Catholic Church.
		This led to Pope Gregory XV's appointment of a Portuguese Jesuit as patriarch of the Ethiopian Church in 1626.
		In response, Constantinople excommunicated the Catholic patriarch and appointed a Greek as the Orthodox patriarch of Antioch.
	catholiceducation.org /articles/religion/re0804.html (5175 words)

	Church of Alexandria (Coptic) - OrthodoxWiki
		The Coptic Orthodox Church is the portion of the Church of Alexandria which broke from the Byzantine churches in the wake of the Fourth Ecumenical Council in Chalcedon in 451.
		The Coptic Church regards itself as having never believed in monophysitism the way it was portrayed in the Council of Chalcedon, but rather as having always believed in miaphysitism (a doctrine that Oriental Orthodox Churches regard as correct and orthodox).
		There is a small Coptic Catholic Church (Eastern Rite Catholic) established in the 19th century and headed by a Patriarch of Alexandria in communion with the Pope of Rome.
	orthodoxwiki.org /Coptic (2544 words)

	The History of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Egypt & the Copts - St. Takla Hiamout Church - Alexandria
		The Coptic Church is based on the teachings of Saint Mark who brought Christianity to Egypt during the reign of the Roman emperor Nero in the first century, a dozen of years after the Lord's ascension.
		Throughout that period, the Coptic language remained the language of the land, and it was not until the second half of the 11th century that the first bi-lingual Coptic-Arabic liturgical manuscripts started to appear.
		There are three main Liturgies in the Coptic Church: The Liturgy according to Saint Basil, Bishop of Caesarea; The Liturgy according to Saint Gregory of Nazianzus, Bishop of Constantinople; and The Liturgy according to Saint Cyril I, the 24th Pope of the Coptic Church.
	st-takla.org /Coptic-church-1.html (3253 words)

	ABC Radio National: The Ark 5 September 2004 - Who Are the Copts?
		We have the same faith, the Orthodox Coptic church, the Syriac church, the Armenian church, the Eritrean church, and the Indian church.
		Coptic art has its roots in the ancient Egyptian art, it has been influenced by the Graeco-Roman art, by the Byzantine art, but it is individual art.
		I believe that this huge library was used in one of the monasteries until the Pope or the Patriarch of Russia’s sent a warning about this heresy and it would seem that they buried them in a tomb, and it was a great discovery.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/relig/ark/stories/s1188968.htm (1908 words)

	Coptic Faith
		As a deacon of the Coptic Church, he was the intellectual and spiritual leader of the 318 bishops who were members of the Nicea Ecumenical Council.
		The Coptic Church was misunderstood at the council of Chaicedon which was held in the middle of the 5th century.
		Many of the Popes of Alexandria were forbidden from praying in their churches and were persecuted for being monophysites.
	www.saint-mary.net /coptic_faith (3100 words)

	History of the Copts of Egypt
		The Coptic Church is considered to be the first in writing hymns in musical notes, and I personally believe that the oldest hymns in the church are the funeral hymns and the hymns said during the holy week of Pascha.
		One of the reasons that the Arab governors mistreated the Coptic Popes (in addition to the religious motive) was that these governors did not keep their positions for a long time, as the Caliphs feared that they might get established and separate Egypt from them.
		Pope Cyril 5th was active in supporting Orabi’s movement, and together with the Imam Mohammed Abdu and many other prominent Copts and Muslim clerks, they called for the independence of Egypt and raised the slogan “Egypt for all Egyptians’.
	www.copts.net /history_book.htm (14317 words)

	The Coptic Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Steven Margulies writes: "The Coptic alphabet came about after the Greek conquest of Egypt in the 3rd Century BC and is still in use by the Coptic Church in their religious works.
		The Coptic alphabet is based on the Greek letter form, but has additional letters for sounds used in the Demotic (ancient Egyptian) not found in the Greek, so Coptic appears to be an off-shoot of the two (Demotic and Greek).
		Coptic Christianity is synonymous with Alexandria, but several religious debates have created standing rifts among the faithful, and there are two Popes in Alexandria today as a result; Pope Shenouda III is the Coptic Orthodox Pope •Pope Boutros VII is the Greek Orthodox Pope".
	www.stanford.edu /group/wais/Language/language_copticlang51203.html (174 words)

	Popes & Patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, Alexandria, Antioch, etc.
		To Roman Catholics, the Pope may be the holiest man on earth, the heir and keeper of the deepest truths of religion.
		The Pope was not the ruler of that Church, but one of the Ecumenical Patriarchs, along with the Patriarchs of Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria, and Constantinople.
		Popes from a similiar family, the Medici, are featured in the genealogy of the Medici given with the rulers of Tuscany.
	www.friesian.com /popes.htm (9005 words)

	[No title]
		Although Coptic art and religious architecture never enjoyed the patronage of the curt, and the Coptic Church suffered many waves of persecution throughout its long history, including the destruction of churches and the confiscation of property, the artistic heritage of the Copts is enormous and of special charm.
		While many coptic art collections have been carefully published and their masterpieces introduced to the general public in elegant museum catalogs and volumes devoted to Coptic art, a considerable number of the ancient Coptic monasteries and churches are documented solely in very old publications, available only in academic libraries.
		Coptic sources mention that several thousand monks from the desert of Scetis went from Terenuthis, a town in the Delta, to salute the Muslim conqueror and to implore his protection for them and for their monasteries.
	www.catalog.litpress.org /excerpts/0814624065.htm (10537 words)

	Egypt - Coptic Church
		By the tenth century, Arabic had replaced Coptic as the primary spoken language, and Coptic was relegated to a liturgical language.
		Coptic Pope Shenudah III (elected in 1971) blamed government silence for the increasing violence.
		Sadat accused the pope of inciting the Coptic-Muslim strife and banished him in September 1981 to internal exile.
	countrystudies.us /egypt/70.htm (903 words)

	Coptic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Coptic in general refers to the Christian natives of Egypt, it also refers directly to the following articles:
		Coptic orphans, a nonprofit corporation for aid to Egyptian children
		Coptic Rain, a Slovenian metal and industrial band
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coptic (105 words)

	Old Bohairic
		The reason was that the Coptic Church was bounded to a near era to the idea of the sole clergy college (klirikia) and the sole teacher of Coptic as in the case with Arain Moftah, the students who were graduated becames cantors, deacons, priests, and sometimes bishops.
		Coptic teaching at Sunday schools, Coptic at summer camps etc. that does not end at having a certificate for Coptic, these teaching are now at a minimum level, teaching is occasional usually about 1 week/year at a camp or so.
		Coptic was the language of Liturgy and Midnihgt priases and Pascha for about 20 Century including at least 4 Centuries in Delta and Cairo where Coptic was a dead language and only the 20th Century witnesses this sharp drawback of Coptic, with only one factor changing in Coptic that's pronounciation.
	www.coptic.org /language/pronounciation.html (6745 words)

	Orthodoxy in Africa - OrthodoxWiki
		This expansion led to an increase in the number of bishops, and the bishop of Alexandria, as the senior bishop, began to be referred to by the title "Pope" (before the bishops of Rome began using that title).
		One of the consequences of the split was divided missions being sent to Nubia, where the Northern and Southern kingdoms were evangelised by non-Chalcedonian missionaries sponsored by the Empress St Theodora, and the central kingdom was evangelised by a Chalcedonian mission sponsored by the Emperor St Justinian I.
		Patriarch Pope Petros VII, who was elected in 1997, actively encouraged mission until his untimely death in a helicopter crash on September 11, 2004, along with three other bishops, including Bishop Nektarios, a pioneer missionary in Madagascar.
	orthodoxwiki.org /Orthodoxy_in_Africa (788 words)

	List of Coptic Orthodox Popes of Alexandria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The following is a list of all the Coptic Orthodox Popes of Alexandria who have led the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria since the Council of Chalcedon.
		The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is one of the the Oriental Orthodox churches (not to be mistaken with the Eastern Orthodox group of churches) and is presided over by the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria who is the body's spiritual leader.
		Currently this position is held by His Holiness Pope Shenouda III, Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of all Africa on the Holy the See of St. Mark.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Coptic_Popes (293 words)

	coptichymns.net :: Sharing the Joy of Coptic Hymns and Community Around the World
		English sermon by Father Tadros Yacoub Malaty entitled "Introduction to Patristics." This is the first in a series of 13 lectures on the study of patristics.
		The Vesper Praise, Vespers, and English Sermon with Hegomen Father Anastasi Saint Antony from the Feast of the Cross at St. Abanoub and St. Antony Coptic Orthodox Church in Norco, California (9/26/2006.)
		Glorification to Saint Mary on August 15, 2006 by the youth and deacons of Saint Abanoub and Saint Antony Coptic Orthodox Church in Norco, California.
	www.coptichymns.net (714 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the same neighborhood, the church of St. Mary (better known as ElMoaallaka, or the suspended) is one of the oldest churches in the area.
		St Marc Cathedral in ElAabbasseya is the center of the Pope.
		Mariotis is now home for the young St Mena monastery, which was erected by the late Pope Kyrelloc 1 mile away from the remains of the old Cathedral of St Mena, which was built by a Roman emperror in recognition of the miraculous healing of his daughter by St Mena.
	www.coptic.net /articles/CopticSitesInEgypt.txt (518 words)

	The Directory Of The Coptic Orthodox Churches In North America (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Archangel Michael Coptic Orthodox Church - Orange County, CA.
		The Coptic Society of Rutgers Newark and NJIT
		Alexandrian Orthodox, Alexandria, Alexandrian, Coptic Orthodox, Coptic, Alexandrian Coptic Orthodox, Orthodox, Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodox
	www.coptic.org /north_am.htm (1034 words)

	kadmar travel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the earliest decades of Christianity, the desert expanses of Wadi El Natroun became the site of anchoretic settlement and, later, of many monasteries, in spiritual commemoration of the Holy Family's passage through the Valley.
		It's the spiritual center of the Coptic church and has the ruins of several monasteries and hermitages from the fourth to the ninth centuries.
		One of them that we will visit is Deir Abu Makaryus (most Coptic popes have been selected from the monks there).
	www.kt-travel.com /wadi.htm (177 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Profile \| Safwat El-Bayyadi: Drive to tolerate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		El-Bayyadi was born in March 1940 in Al-Bayyadiya, a dominantly Christian village near Mallawi, Minya, towards the south of the country -- and the first major stop in the conservative, morally strict and often sectarian provinces of Upper Egypt.
		At one point, El-Bayyadi recounts, a Coptic Pope even went so far as to burn the icons during a church-organised event, because the people had begun worshipping them, forgetting their original purpose; this marked a turning point.
		But, though fully aware of the differences in approach between the Coptic and Evangelical churches in such matters as fasting, he assures me that the two churches are easily reconciled; they live in perfect harmony.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2006/782/profile.htm (1495 words)

	Amazon.com: The Early Coptic Papacy: The Egyptian Church and Its Leadership in Late Antiquity (Popes of Egypt) (The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Early Coptic Papacy is volume one of The Popes of Egypt: A History of the Coptic Church and Its Patriarchs, edited by Stephen J. Davis and Gawdat Gabra.
		This first clearly definable period of this volume laid the grounds for the survival of the Coptic Church down to today even though with the coming of Islam, it was marginalized and its members often discriminated against.
		There were similar decisions important in establishing the Coptic Church; the personalities of the early Coptic popes were especially important in creating the internal nature and public image of the Church; and there were theological controversies over basic doctrines and beliefs.
	www.amazon.com /Early-Coptic-Papacy-Leadership-Antiquity/dp/9774248309 (1375 words)

	Eastern Patriarchates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Although the Syrian Orthodox or Jacobite church, like the Coptic, no longer follow the Monophysite doctrine, and are doctrinally almost identical to the Eastern Orthodox churches, old emnities die hard and the church continues to preserve an independent identity, in communion with the Armenian, Coptic, and Abyssinian churches.
		It is not the head, as the Pope is the head of the Roman Catholic world; each Orthodox community is autonomous.
		The Pope, in retaliation, appointed (in 1681) a new Patriarch of the East who continued the Chaldean line.
	www.hostkingdom.net /orthodox.html (1948 words)

	The Other Catholics: A Short Guide to the Eastern Catholic Churches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Egyptian Church was founded by the apostle Mark—a gospel writer and disciple of Peter—martyred around 63 A.D. His see was the first Church to develop a strong centralized hierarchy, and the succession from Mark continues to this day.
		Like the Armenians, the Coptic Church rejected the Council of Chalcedon out of fidelity to St. Cyril of Alexandria’s doctrine of “One incarnate nature of Christ”—though there were also political issues regarding their opposition to growing Byzantine domination.
		Pope John Paul II worked tirelessly to reach out to Eastern Christians—his own mother, in fact, was an Eastern Catholic.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-religion/1438500/posts (6835 words)

	The Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Sydney & its Affiliated Regions - Logo & Image Library
		Popes, Bishops & Clergy of the Coptic Orthodox Church
		Photos and Images of Popes, Bishops and other members of the Clergy of the Coptic Orthodox Church
		All rights reserved by the Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Sydney and its Affiliated Regions.
	www.coptic.org.au /modules/logo_image_library (178 words)

	St. Mark Foundation - The Coptic Chuch and Arabic Era (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Nearly 60% of Coptic history took place in this era.
		History of Popes and their sees in Alexandria and Cairo
		The beginning of Coptic emigration (see the emigration of the Copts)
	www.coptic-history.org /stages_arabic.htm (148 words)

	St. Mark Foundation - Modern History from French Invasion 1798-2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The start of Catholic missionaries in the 17th and 18th centuries
		The change of the seats of the Popes (Alexandria, Cairo)
		Spread of Coptic church (back to Sudan after 1823 after Egyptian invasion) and to Palestine and Syria after 1832
	www.coptic-history.org /stages_modern.htm (91 words)

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