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Topic: Coracoid process

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	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		ante´rior mal´lei [Fo´lii] anterior process of malleus: a slender bony process that arises from the anterior aspect of the neck of the malleus, passes anteriorly and inferiorly to the petrotympanic fissure, and is attached to the petrous portion of the temporal bone by ligamentous fibers.
		condyloi´deus mandi´bulae condylar process of mandible: the posterior process on the ramus of the mandible that articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.
		maxilla´ris con´chae nasa´lis inferio´ris [TA] maxillary process of inferior nasal concha: a bony process descending from the ethmoid process of the inferior nasal concha.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_p_34zPzhtm (3979 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates: Glossary Ch-Co
		Conical recess: in the braincase and palate of basal tetrapods, particularly baphetids and temnospondyls, the pterygoid is notched near its articulation with the basipterygoid process of the braincase, at the base of the quadrate ramus.
		Coracoid process: in mammals, the scapula and coracoid are fused.
		The coracoid is therefore found as a process of the scapulocoracoid, generally ventral to the glenoid.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Lists/Glossary/GlossaryCh.html (1918 words)

	Scapula - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Of the three borders of the scapula, the superior is the shortest and thinnest; it is concave, and extends from the medial angle to the base of the coracoid process.
		The coracoid process is a thick curved process attached by a broad base to the upper part of the neck of the scapula; it runs at first upward and medialward; then, becoming smaller, it changes its direction, and projects forward and lateralward.
		On the medial part of the root of the coracoid process is a rough impression for the attachment of the conoid ligament; and running from it obliquely forward and lateralward, on to the upper surface of the horizontal portion, is an elevated ridge for the attachment of the trapezoid ligament.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scapula (2159 words)

	Coracoid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In human beings, the coracoid process is a small hook-like structure that comes off the scapula to point forward.
		The coracoclavicular ligament, as the name suggests, attaches the coracoid process and the clavicle together.
		In birds and reptiles, the coracoid is a separate bone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coracoid (111 words)

	III. Syndesmology. 6b. Acromioclavicular Articulation. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		It is attached, below, to the upper surface of the coracoid process; above, to the oblique ridge on the under surface of the clavicle.
		This ligament, together with the coracoid process and the acromion, forms a vault for the protection of the head of the humerus.
		It is a thin and flat fasciculus, narrower at the middle than at the extremities, attached by one end to the base of the coracoid process, and by the other to the medial end of the scapular notch.
	www.bartleby.com /107/82.html (917 words)

	[No title]
		Facial margin: (0) primarily formed by the maxilla, with the maxillary process of the premaxilla restricted to the anterior-most extreme; (1) maxillary process of the premaxilla extending 1/2 facial margin; (2) maxillary process of the premaxilla extending most of facial margin.(ordered) 9.
		Furcula, hypocleideum: (0) absent; (1) a tubercle; (2) an elongate process.
		Scapula and coracoid articulation: (0) pit shaped scapular cotyla developed on the coracoid, and coracoidal tubercle developed on the scapula (Òball and socketÓ articulation); (1) scapular cotyla of the coracoid convex; (2) flat facet.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v409/n6817/extref/409181ab.doc (3179 words)

	Case Summary: 5944 from the MedPix Medical Image Database and Teaching File
		Fractures of the coracoid process relate to a direct injury from a dislocation humeral head, a direct force on the tip of the coracoid itself, or an avulsion owing to traction on the coracoclavicular ligament, the short head of the biceps, or the coracobrachialis.
		Isolated fractures of the coracoid process occur as a result of an avulsion injury or in trapshooters related to repetitive stress from the impact of the recoiling rifle.
		Neurologic injuries may be a sequela of scapular fracture, particularly one that involves the acromion process or leads to avulsion of the coracoid process.
	rad.usuhs.mil /medpix/medpix.html?mode=tf_case&pt_id=5944¬hing= (357 words)

	Old unreduced posterior sternoclavicular dislocation and coracoid impingement
		Symptoms are presumed to result from impingement of the subscapularis tendon between the coracoid process and the lesser tuberosity (2, 18-20).
		She had pain on palpation of her right SCJ and coracoid process; the pain was aggravated by shoulder movements, especially horizontal adduction with internal rotation (i.e., the coracoid impingement sign).
		Coracoid impingement is characterized by compression of the subscapularis tendon between the coracoid process and the lesser tuberosity of the humerus, resulting in tendinosis and pain in these soft tissues.
	www.bhcs.com /Proceedings/14_3/14_3_yel.html (1329 words)

	The Scapula - Wikimd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Borders—Of the three borders of the scapula, the superior is the shortest and thinnest; it is concave, and extends from the medial angle to the base of the coracoid process.
		[[The Coracoid Process (processus coracoideus)]]—The coracoid process is a thick curved process attached by a broad base to the upper part of the neck of the scapula; it runs at first upward and medialward; then, becoming smaller, it changes its direction, and projects forward and lateralward.
		Structure—The head, processes, and the thickened parts of the bone, contain cancellous tissue; the rest consists of a thin layer of compact tissue.
	www.wikimd.org /index.php?title=The_Scapula (1791 words)

	Coracoacromial ligament - Primal Pictures
		This ligament, a triangular band of two fascicles, originates from the lateral aspect of the coracoid process and attaches to the anterior, medial, and inferior surfaces of the acromion.
		The coracoacromial arch is formed by the coracoid process, the acromion, clavicle and acromioclavicular joint, and the coracoacromial ligament.
		The subacromial bursa is located between the acromion, the coracoacromial ligament, and the rotator cuff.
	www.primalpictures.com /gallery/SportsShoulder/Contents/Anatomytext/Ligaments/Coracoacromial_ligament.html (133 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Medicine (Cop-Cz) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		It originates from the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts in the medial border of the humerus.
		The coracoid process of the scapula is a short projection of bone from the neck of the scapula.
		This process serves as a site of attachment for the coracoacromial and coracoclavicular ligaments, the pectoralis major, the coracobrachialis, and the short head of biceps.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /E3C.HTM (3108 words)

	[No title]
		Transverse processes of all thoracic vertebrae, between tubercles and angles of lower 9 & 10 ribs.Iliocostalis thoracisangles of lower 6 ribs medial to iliocostalis lumborum.
		Coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible’Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, palatine bone and tuberosity of maxilla.
		Coracoid process of scapulaTFrom cartledge to the angle of the upper 11 ribs.
	www.coimt.com /documents/MuscleAction.xls (962 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Apex @ medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon process iii.
		I = styloid process of the radius iii.
		I = olecranon process of the ulna iii.
	www.clt.astate.edu /slesh/2342lp08.txt (350 words)

	Shoulder
		The coracoid is the anchor for a biceps accompanying muscle (coraco-brachial) and the lesser pectoral (minor) and one part of the biceps.
		The space between the coracoid and acromion is spanned by a tough ligament (nearly like rope) called the coracoid acromial ligament.
		With the hand on the belly button, the arm is rotated inward and the greater tuberosity is well away from the arch of the coracoid, acromion and the spanning coraco-acromial ligament.
	www.pediatric-orthopedics.com /Topics/Bones/Shoulder/shoulder.html (741 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 317
		The ligaments do not maintain the joint surfaces in apposition, because when they alone remain the humerus can be separated to a considerable extent from the glenoid cavity; their use, therefore, is to limit the amount of movement.
		The joint is protected above by an arch, formed by the coracoid process, the acromion, and the coracoacromial ligament.
		The articular cartilage on the head of the humerus is thicker at the center than at the circumference, the reverse being the case with the articular cartilage of the glenoid cavity.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page317.html (645 words)

	PART III
		The acromioclavicular joint itself is a true diarthrosis; the articular surfaces of the acromion process and the outer end of the clavicle, which are separated by a joint cavity, are surrounded by a capsule which is reinforced by ligaments.
		In unreduced dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint, the deformity was maintained by three factors, (1) gravity, (2) the pull of the trapezius on the distal end of the clavicle, and (3) the absence of counterpull by the aponeurosis of the anterior portion of the deltoid.
		elevates the acromion process until it is alined with the distal end of the clavicle, by fixation and elevation of the arm at the side of the chest (fig.
	history.amedd.army.mil /booksdocs/wwii/orthoeuropn/chapter17.htm (9266 words)

	Other anterior repairs - Treatment of Recurrent Instability. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Furthermore in contrast to soft tissue procedures, coracoid transfer procedures are extremely difficult and hazardous to revise: the subscapularis, musculocutaneous and axillary nerves are scarred in abnormal positions; the subscapularis muscle is scarred and tethered; and the axillary artery may be displaced in scar tissue.
		The Latarjet procedure, (Latarjet, 1958; Latarjet, 1968; Pascoet et al, 1975) described in 1954, involves the transfer of a larger portion of the coracoid process than used with the Bristow procedure with the biceps and coracobrachialis tendons to the anteroinferior aspect of the neck of the scapula.
		Instead of the raw cut surface of the tip of the coracoid process being attached to the scapula as is done in the Bristow-Helfet procedure, the coracoid is laid flat on the neck of the scapula and held in place with one or two screws.
	www.orthop.washington.edu /uw/treatmentof/tabID__3376/ItemID__262/PageID__580/Articles/Default.aspx (3532 words)

	DinoData Dinosaurs Achillobator giganticus A239 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The internal structure of the maxilla is partially known, as there is a medial excavation of the nasal process by a two-chambered sinus that opens laterally to form the maxillary fenestra.
		The coracoid is broadly similar to Deinonychus, being elongate with a prominent coracoid tubercle and foramen.
		The postacetabular process is quite tall, extends ventrally past the ischial peduncle and has a vertical posterior margin, with a posterodorsal and a posteroventral tubercle.
	www.dinodata.net /Dd/Namelist/TABA/A239.htm (2951 words)

	Virtual Hospital: Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus V: Skeletal System: Scapula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Fascicles of the subclavius muscle may be inserted onto the coracoid process by passing through the clavipectoral fascia.
		The shapes of the acromial processes have been classified (Macalister 1893) as to whether they were falciform, triangular, quadrangular, or intermediate in form.
		An intermediate or non-characteristic shape of the acromial processes was evident in 55 (5.1%) of 1,080 scapulae.
	www.vh.org /adult/provider/anatomy/AnatomicVariants/SkeletalSystem/Text/Scapula.html (1552 words)

	Coracoid Process - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		- one finger breadth lateral to coracoid is the GHJ;
		- serves as an anchor for coracoid muscles (coracobrachialis and short head of biceps) that separate
		The role of the coracoid process in the chronic impingement syndrome.
	www.wheelessonline.com /ortho/coracoid_process (150 words)

	Impingement Syndromes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Subcoracoid Impingement: Impingement of the coracoid process against the humerus (usually the lesser tuberosity) in a coracoid impingement position (humerus is flexed, adducted and internally rotated).
		This is caused by the “bowstringing of the Subscapularis across the prominent coracoid process.
		The Coracoid process causes an indenting of the superficial surface of the upper Subscapularis tendon while stretching (tensile loading) of the deep surface of the Subscapularis.
	www.rotatorcuff.net /impingement.htm (1417 words)

	Coracoid Fracture
		In addition to the anterior dislocation of the humerus, there is irregularity of the coracoid process.
		This shows the fractured portion of the coracoid process as well as the anterior dislocation of the humeral head.
		Goss TP: Fractures of the coracoid process J Bone Joint Surg Br.
	www.gentili.net /fracture.asp?ID=167 (118 words)

	eMedicine - Scapula Fracture : Article by Thomas P Goss, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Because the proximal clavicular segment is attached to the superior glenoid-coracoid process fragment by means of the coracoclavicular ligaments, this may indirectly reduce and stabilize the glenoid cavity fracture satisfactorily.
		Fracture of the coracoid or acromion process with a second disruption of the SSSC is another potentially unstable situation.
		Goss TP: The scapula: coracoid, acromial, and avulsion fractures.
	www.emedicine.com /orthoped/topic554.htm (4587 words)

	[No title]
		(a) attaches from coracoid process to inner acromial arch (b) lesser support structure of AC (c) provides protection for the acromial arch 4.
		Levator Scapula (figure line of pull) (1) O = transverse processes of first four cervical vertebrae (2) I = vertebral border of scapula between the superior angle and spine (3) N = cervical nerves 3,4 (4) A = scapular elevation, downward rotation v.
		Rhomboid (major & minor) (figure line of pull) (1) O = spinous processes of C7-T5 (2) I = vertebral border of scapula between spine and inferior angle (3) N = dorsal scapular nerve (C5) (4) A = scapular retraction, downward rotation vi.
	www.clt.astate.edu /slesh/2342lp06.txt (786 words)

	[No title]
		The coracoclavicular ligament connects the coracoid process with the clavicle.
		The coracoacromial ligament connects the coracoid process to the acromion.
		The breast of the female is composed of the nipple, areola, areolar gland, lactiferous ducts, lactiferous sinuses, suspensory ligaments, axillary tail(the breast usually extends laterally to the axilla) and retromammary space(the space between the breast mass and the pectoralis major, allows the breast to move separately from the muscle).
	www.med.unc.edu /~kimplera/classes/anatomy/ul2.doc (536 words)

	Untitled Document
		Paired vomers merge, migrate posteriorly and dorsally, the parasphenoid is lost, the pterygoids shorten, and shelf-like processes of maxillas and palatines grow to midline in front of shifting nares to form secondary palate.
		The original coracoid is anterior, and posterior to this a new ossification center originated giving rise to the posterior coracoid.
		In therian mammals, the anterior coracoid is lost and the posterior coracoid fuses with the scapula creating the coracoid process.
	clem.mscd.edu /~haysc/public_html/bio322/q3objanswers.htm (3407 words)

	eMedicine - Fractures, Scapular : Article by Joseph Schmidt, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Finally, coracoid process fractures may result from either a direct blow to the superior aspect of the shoulder or a forceful muscular contraction that causes an avulsion fracture.
		Coracoid fracture (3-13%): Coracoid process fractures usually result from 1 of 2 mechanisms.
		A coracoid process fracture is the result of a direct blow to the superior point of the shoulder or humeral head in an anterior shoulder dislocation.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic205.htm (2545 words)

	VIVA provides Medical Transcription, Medical Coding, Medical Billing and Data Entry Services
		Circumferential dissection was car= ried subperiosteally around the clavicle close to the coracoid process, and the coracoid process was dissected out from the superior aspect and the right a= ngle clamp could be passed on the end of the coracoid process.
		The medial loop of this was then w= ound around the coracoid process and brought superiorly towards the clavicle with the help of a Tenaculum forceps.
		The AC separation was reduced from a grade of 3 to a grade 1 separat= ion at which time, it was noted that the clavicle and coracoid was separated by= 1 cm.
	www.vivacorporation.com /extranet/test2.php?filename=02-03-05_3a.mht (641 words)

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