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Topic: Cori cycle

	Gluconeogenesis
		The Cori cycle invloves the utilization of lactate, produced by glycolysis in non-hepatic tissues, (such as muscle and erythrocytes) as a carbon source for hepatic gluconeogenesis.
		However, the major function of the glucose-alanine cycle is to allow non-hepatic tissues to deliver the amino portion of catabolized amino acids to the liver for excretion as urea.
		The amino nitrogen is converted to urea in the urea cycle and excreted by the kidneys.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/gluconeogenesis.html (2301 words)

	Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori (www.whonamedit.com)
		In 1931 the Coris accepted positions at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, where he became chairman of the Department of Pharmacology and she took a position as research associate in the department of pharmacology— at a token salary.
		In 1946 the Coris moved to the department of biochemistry at Washington university, and in 1947 Gerty Cori became full professor of biochemistry, the post she occupied at her death.
		Carl and Gerty Cori received the prize "for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen", Bernardo Alberto Houssay "for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar".
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2189.html (1185 words)

	Alanine cycle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The alanine cycle is quite similar to the Cori cycle.
		This process is less productive than the Cori Cycle, which uses lactate, since a byproduct of energy production from alanine is production of urea.
		Removal of the urea is energy-dependent, thus the net ATP produced is less than that found in the Cori Cycle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alanine_cycle (113 words)

	Carl and Gerty Cori and carbohydrate metabolism
		The interplay between glucose and glycogen is at the heart of what is known as the "Cori cycle." The Coris found that insulin increased the oxidation of glucose and its conversion to glycogen in muscle, as well as in the liver.
		The Coris theorized - and eventually demonstrated - that this intermediate was lactic acid and was integral to the "cycle of carbohydrates," or the "Cori cycle," which they depicted in 1929:
		Washington University, the "Cori ester," and the synthesis of glycogen
	acswebcontent.acs.org /landmarks/landmarks/glucose/cycle.html (493 words)

	Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori
		Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori was the first American woman to receive the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology, in 1947, which was shared with her husband, Dr. Carl F. Cori, and Dr. B.A. Houssay of Argentina.
		Dr. Cori was born on August 15, 1896, in Prague, which was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
		Cori were discouraged from working together, but did so anyway, devoting their efforts to how energy is produced and transmitted in the human body.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/biography/cori.html (671 words)

	Cori cycle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Cori cycle refers to the recycling of lactate or lactic acid produced by muscle during anaerobic metabolism.
		Most of the pyruvate is then converted to ATP while another organ, the liver, handles the lactate produced.
		The cycle prevents lactate acidosis by removing lactate from the blood.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cori_cycle (149 words)

	Gerty T. Cori Biography \| World of Anatomy and Physiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		In the 1920s, when the Coris began to study carbohydrate metabolism, it was generally believed that the sugar called glucose (a type of carbohydrate) was formed from another carbohydrate, glycogen, by the addition of water molecules (a process known as hydrolysis).
		However, in the course of their work, the Coris discovered a chemical compound, glucose-1-phosphate, made up of glucose and a phosphate group (one phosphorus atom combined with three oxygen atoms--sometimes known as the Cori ester) that is derived from glycogen by the action of an enzyme, phosphorylase.
		In the course of her later studies, Cori was instrumental in the discovery of a number of other chemical intermediate compounds and enzymes that play key roles in biological processes.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/gerty-t-cori-wap (1889 words)

	physics - Carl Ferdinand Cori
		Carl was the son of Carl Cori, a physician, and Martha Lippich, he grew up in Trieste where his father was the director of the Marine Biological Station.
		While at the Institute the Cori's research focussed on carbohydrate metabolism, leading to the definition of the Cori cycle in 1929, for which they received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947.
		Ihde, A.J. Cori, Carl Ferdinand, and Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori.
	www.physicsdaily.com /physics/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori (340 words)

	Women in Chemistry: Gerty Cori
		Understanding this process of sugar metabolism—called the Cori cycle—is important for treating diabetes, a condition where the cycle is disrupted.
		Cori and her husband were great scienctific collaborators, and their collaborations in biochemistry ultimately won them the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, making Cori the first American woman to win a Nobel Prize.
		Gerty Theresa Cori, née Radnitz, was born in 1896 in Prague.
	www.chemheritage.org /women_chemistry/body/cori.html (699 words)

	Changing the Face of Medicine \| Dr. Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori
		Gerty Cori was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1896, to Otto Radnitz and Martha Neustadt.
		The "Cori cycle" is their explanation for the movement of energy in the body—from muscle, to the liver, and back to muscle.
		Gerty Cori was offered a position as a research assistant, despite her partnership role in the discovery of the Cori cycle.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /changingthefaceofmedicine/physicians/biography_69.html (674 words)

	Gerty Thersa Cori - Academic Woman's Network and Becker Library Exhibit
		Focusing on the intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates, the Cori discovered glucose-1-phosphate (Cori ester) and the cyclic nature of glycogen breakdown and re-formation (Cori cycle).
		Cori was the recipient of many additional awards and prizes, including election to the National Academy of Sciences.
		Sympathetic to other women in research Cori ensured that they were elected into their professional societies and cheered for their first professional seminars.
	beckerexhibits.wustl.edu /women/cori.htm (539 words)

	National Women's Hall of Fame - Women of the Hall
		Gerty Theresa Radnitz Cori, a pioneer in biochemistry, received international recognition for discovering, along with her husband, Carl, how glucose is converted into glycogen, a process dubbed the Cori Cycle.
		Cori's later studies on enzymes and hormones further advanced research in the treatment of diabetes and contributed to our understanding that missing enzymes indicate defective genes.
		Cori received her M.D. at the German University of Prague in 1920 and came to the United States in the 1920s.
	www.greatwomen.org /women.php?action=viewone&id=44 (315 words)

	Gluconeogenesis and the Cori cycle in 12-, 20-, and 40-h-fasted humans -- Katz and Tayek 275 (3): E537 -- AJP - ...
		of glucose molecules (Cori cycle) was 18, 35, and 36%; the contribution
		of the glucose recycling, the Cori cycle, and GNG.
		19, and 20% for the Cori cycle; 41, 35, and 40% for the contribution
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/3/E537 (3548 words)

	Carl Ferdinand Cori Biography \| World of Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Cori was born on December 5, 1896, in Prague, which was then part of the Austro-Hungarian empire.
		In 1938, the Coris analyzed the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate.
		Cori was appointed professor of biochemistry at Washington University in 1944, and two years later he became chairman of the department.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/carl-ferdinand-cori-woc (931 words)

	Carl Ferdinand & Gerty Theresa Cori (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Proof of the interconversion allowed them to formulate the "Cori cycle," postulating that liver glycogen is converted to blood glucose that is reconverted to glycogen in muscle, where its breakdown to lactic acid provides the energy utilized in muscle contraction.
		Studying the way in which hormones affect carbohydrate metabolism in animals, the Coris showed that epinephrine induces the formation of a type of phosphorylase enzyme favouring conversion of glycogen to activated glucose and that insulin causes the removal of sugar from the blood by promoting the addition of phosphate to glucose.
		After his wife's death Carl Cori devoted his efforts to research concerning the physico-chemical action of enzymes involved in the breakdown of glycogen to lactic acid.
	www.nobel-winners.com /Medicine/carl_and_gerty_cori.html (274 words)

	Recycling of glucose and determination of the Cori Cycle and gluconeogenesis -- Katz and Tayek 277 (3): E401 -- AJP - ...
		Recycling of glucose and determination of the Cori Cycle and gluconeogenesis -- Katz and Tayek 277 (3): E401 -- AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism
		Recycling of glucose and determination of the Cori Cycle and gluconeogenesis
		The rationale for the factor of 0.5 appears to be the same as in their expression for the Cori Cycle.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/277/3/E401 (3317 words)

	Cori cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
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	www.best-cycle.info /cori-cycle.html (635 words)

	The Urea Cycle
		The remainder of the cycle occurs in the cytosol of the cell.
		Urea is formed by the urea cycle by the hydrolysis of arginosuccinate.
		Therefore, the fumarate produced by the urea cycle is eventually converted to another necessary compound aspartate for the urea cycle to continue.
	www.db.uth.tmc.edu /faculty/alevine/1521_2000/ureacyc.htm (953 words)

	6.5 The Cori cycle
		The combination of glycolysis in peripheral tissues with gluconeogenesis in the liver is referred to as the 'Cori cycle' (Figure 6.5-1).
		Thus, the Cori cycle operates asynchronously rather than continuously – it has more similarity with the pig cycle of the agricultural markets than with a regular metabolic cycle such as the TCA.
		The Cori cycle does indeed run synchronously with cells such as erythrocytes and thrombocytes, which don't have mitochondria and thus rely completely on anaerobic glycolysis even under aerobic conditions.
	watcut.uwaterloo.ca /webnotes/Metabolism/page-6.5.html (299 words)

	physics - Gerty Cori
		Her uncle, a professor of pediatrics, encouraged her to attend medical school, and she was admitted to the German University of Prague in 1914, at that time there where there were only a few female students.
		The Cori cycle is their explanation for the movement of energy in the body—from muscle, to the liver, and back to muscle.
		The Cori crater on the Moon is named after her.
	www.physicsdaily.com /physics/Gerty_Theresa_Cori (396 words)

	Cori cycle
		The Cori cycle refers to the recycling of lactate or lactic acid produced by muscle during anaerobic metabolism, the lactate is converted to glucose by the liver.
		When the ATP needs of a cell outpace its oxygen supply is limited, muscle cells produce ATP through lactic acid fermentation.
		This cycle allows the body to continue focusing exclusively on producing ATP while another organ, the liver, handles the lactate produced.
	www.mrsci.com /Metabolism/Cori_cycle.php (112 words)

	NewsScan Publishing Inc. - NewsScan Daily Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Today's Honorary Subscriber is the Czech-American biochemist Gerty Theresa Cori (1896-1957), who shared the 1947 Nobel Prize for Physiology/Medicine with her husband and research partner Carl Cori along with Bernardo A. Houssay of Argentina.
		The Coris had worked as a husband-and-wife team in the discovery of the biochemical steps through which glycogen, or stored sugar, is converted into the glucose that cells use in producing energy.
		They formulated the "Cori cycle," postulating that liver glycogen is converted to blood glucose that is then reconverted to glycogen in muscle, where its breakdown to lactic acid provides the energy utilized in muscle contraction.
	www.newsscan.com /cgi-bin/findit_view?table=honorary_subscriber&id=782 (401 words)

	Reactome (instancebrowser)
		[Pathway:233328] Cori Cycle (interconversion of glucose and lactate) [Drosophila melanogaster]
		[Pathway:278868] Cori Cycle (interconversion of glucose and lactate) [Escherichia coli]
		[Pathway:279475] Cori Cycle (interconversion of glucose and lactate) [Synechococcus sp.]
	www.reactome.org /cgi-bin/instancebrowser?DB=gk_current&ID=279475& (414 words)

	Research on carbohydrate metabolism receives historical recognition
		Beginning in the 1920s, the Coris conducted a series of pioneering studies that led to the current understanding of the metabolism of sugars and which contributed to improved techniques to help control diabetes.
		Carl and Gerty Cori, who won the Nobel in Physiology or Medicine in 1947, observed what became known as the "Cori cycle," the process by which the body converts glucose into glycogen, the form in which sugar is stored.
		Carl Cori summed up the nature of their partnership in his remarks at the Nobel banquet in 1947: "Our collaboration began 30 years ago when we were still medical students at the University of Prague and has continued ever since.
	www.chemlin.de /news/sep04/20040913e01.htm (518 words)

	Cori cycle, Corticosteroids, Cortisone, Cranberry, Cruciferous vegetables, Cyclic AMP, Cyclooxygenase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Cori cycle, Corticosteroids, Cortisone, Cranberry, Cruciferous vegetables, Cyclic AMP, Cyclooxygenase
		Also known as the lactic acid cycle, this describes the process whereby glucose is recycled when there is insufficient oxygen for normal glucose metabolism via the Krebs cycle.
		In the Cori cycle, blood glucose is converted to lactic acid, which is then converted back to glucose or glycogen.
	www.health-diets.net /healthsearch/cori.htm (172 words)

	ch9
		Continuous activity of the Krebs' cycle is fuelled by a range of carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids, and is the primary system for the aerobic generation of energy.
		In anaerobic living muscles and in meat, the Krebs' cycle is halted, and NADH is re-oxidized in the cytosol by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) during the conversion of pyruvate to lactate.
		Any lactate remaining in the aorta may not all get pumped to the liver or kidneys to participate in the Cori cycle, because the aorta supplies other major arteries in addition to the hepatic and renal arteries.
	www.aps.uoguelph.ca /~swatland/ch9_0.htm (3850 words)

	Carl Ferdinand Cori (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		In 2004 both were designated a ACS National Historical Chemical Landmark in recognition of their work that elucidated carbohydrate metabolism.
		In late 1914 the Cori family moved to Prague and Carl entered the medical school (at the German part) of the Charles University.
		A year later Carl was offered a position at the State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases (now the Roswell Park Cancer Institute) in Buffalo, New York and the Cori's moved to Buffalo.
	www.1bx.com /en/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.htm (397 words)

	Cori Cycle
		When this happens, the citric acid cycle is inhibited and causes pyruvic acid to accumulate.
		This recycling of lactic acid is referred to as the Cori Cycle.
		The citric acid cycle and electron transport chain must provide ATP to "fuel" the gluconeogenesis of the remainder of the lactic acid to glucose.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/vchembook/615coricycle.html (706 words)

	Glucose production and substrate cycle activity in a fasting adapted animal, the northern elephant seal -- Champagne et ...
		H at C-6 is retained through the glucose and fructose cycles and lost in the PEP and citric acid cycles.
		cycle was the primary mechanism of recycling of radioactive
		Katz, J. and Tayek, J. Gluconeogenesis and the Cori cycle in 12-, 20-, and 40-h-fasted humans.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/208/5/859 (5139 words)

	JCE Online: Biographical Snapshots: Snapshot
		In 1922, Carl Cori took a position at the New York State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases in Buffalo.
		In the late 1920s, the Coris looked for another institution in which to carry out their research, and Carl was offered several positions.
		In 1944, Gerty Cori was awarded tenure and promoted to associate professor at Washington University.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /JCEWWW/Features/eChemists/Bios/Cori.html (586 words)

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