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	The Avalon Project : The Corn Laws by Malthus
		A revision of the corn laws, it is understood, is immediately to come under the consideration of the legislature.
		It has been sometimes urged as an argument in favour of the corn laws, that the great sums which the country has had to pay for foreign corn during the last twenty years must have been injurious to her resources, and might have been saved by the improvement of our agriculture at home.
		But a law passed with this view might be so framed as to effect its object rather by a diminution of the people than an increase of the corn: and even if constructed in the most judicious manner, it can never be made entirely free from objections of this kind.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/econ/cornlaws.htm (5217 words)

	CORN LAWS - Online Information article about CORN LAWS
		This evil continued to affect the corn laws of the kingdom, varied, on one occasion at least, with the further complicati6n of bounties on import, until the 19th century.
		The system of corn law established in the reign of William and Mary was probably the most perfect to be conceived for advancing the agricultural interest of any country.
		By a law of 1873 free importation of rye, barley, maize and oats was permitted, but by a law of 1885 a duty was fixed at 74d.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /COR_CRE/CORN_LAWS.html (7382 words)

	corn laws. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The purpose of the laws was to assure a stable and sufficient supply of grain from domestic sources, eliminating undue dependence on foreign supplies, yet allowing for imports in time of scarcity.
		The corn law of 1815 was designed to maintain high prices and prevent an agricultural depression after the Napoleonic Wars.
		Following a campaign by the Anti-Corn-Law League, the corn laws were repealed by the Conservative government of Sir Robert Peel in 1846, despite the opposition of many of his own party, led by Lord George Bentinck and Benjamin Disraeli.
	www.bartleby.com /65/co/cornlaws.html (256 words)

	[No title]
		It is undoubtedly true, that corn might be just as successfully cultivated, and as much capital might be laid out upon the land, at the price of twenty shillings a quarter, as at the price of one hundred shillings, provided that every commodity, both at home and abroad, were precisely proportioned to the reduced scale.
		It has been sometimes urged as an argument in favour of the corn laws, that the great sums which the country has had to pay for foreign corn during the last twenty years must have been injurious to her resources, and might have been saved by the improvement of our agriculture at home.
		But a law passed with this view might be so framed as to effect its object rather by a diminution of the people than an increase of the corn: and even if constructed in the most judicious manner, it can never be made entirely free from objections of this kind.
	socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca /~econ/ugcm/3ll3/malthus/cornlaws (5273 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Corn Laws
		The corn laws were import tarrifs in the early-mid 19th century, designed to protect British farmers and landowner against cheap foreign grain imports being competitive with the crops of British landowners.
		The corn laws, in reality represented the power of the British aristocracy, who were the landowners, and therefore crop producers.
		The debate over the corn laws was a crossroads in the transition of Britain from a feudalist society, to a more modern, industrial one.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/co/Corn_Laws (488 words)

	Corn Laws - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Corn Laws, regulations applied in Great Britain to the import and export of grain (mainly wheat).
		Richard Cobden was one of the most prominent campaigners against the Corn Laws in the mid-19th century.
		- former British laws regulating corn trade: a group of laws introduced in Great Britain in 1804 and repealed in 1846 that were designed to restrict the importation of foreign corn by imposing duty on it.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Corn_Laws.html (156 words)

	Corn Products International > Products > Corn Refining
		Corn refining is a two-step process that involves the wet milling and processing of corn.
		Shelled yellow dent corn, which has been removed from the cob during harvesting, is cleaned and steeped (softened) in tanks with a water-based solution, releasing starch.
		The corn leaves the germ separator in a water suspension for further grinding to release starch and gluten from the kernel fiber.
	www.cornproducts.com /products/refining (198 words)

	Hodgskin, A Lecture on Free Trade: Library of Economics and Liberty
		Corn Law Repeal is a question of morals and general legislation, not limited to that object, food, to which it is nominally confined.
		It is, indeed, said, that these who passed the Corn Laws, alarmed at the increase of a town population, deliberately limited the supply of food, that they might, in direct contravention both of the revealed and discovered laws of God, prevent the multiplication of the people.
		The Corn Laws constitute the coping-stone of a huge system of injustice, all of which must be removed, and the League shows its moderation and its wisdom by beginning to remove that which binds the whole together, so as to enable us hereafter gradually and safely to take it entirely down.
	www.econlib.org /library/YPDBooks/Hodgskin/hgskFT1.html (7739 words)

	CORN LAWS, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The chief purposes of the Corn Laws were to secure an adequate supply of grain to meet domestic requirements and to maintain grain prices at profitable levels.
		The Corn Laws thus perpetuated the economic distinction between the classes and were a source of continuing discontent.
		Changes were made in the Corn Laws during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, as domestic and foreign supplies of grain increased or decreased, as prices rose or fell, and as conflicting groups were successful in forcing the adoption of amendments to existing legislation, favoring their interests.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?vendorId=FWNE.fw..co219400.a#FWNE.fw..co219400.a (862 words)

	Corn Laws
		For centuries the Corn Laws formed an integral part of the mercantile system in England;; they were repealed because they became an unwarranted tax on food and a hindrance to British exports.
		The Corn Laws aroused strong opposition and became a hotly contested political issue, as they were regarded by radicals as benefiting wealthy landowners at the expense of the ordinary consumer.
		In 1838 the Anti-Corn Law League was formed to campaign for the repeal of the laws.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0013640.html (582 words)

	The Corn Laws and their Repeal 1815-1846 - From History Review
		To this extent the 1815 Corn Law might be seen in part as an economic consequence of the 1800 Act of Union with Ireland, linking the Irish and British economies together in a way which encouraged Irish agriculture, inhibited industrial development in Ireland and facilitated industrialisation on the British mainland.
		Nevertheless it is clear that government policy towards the corn laws throughout the period 1813-30 was dominated by attempts to encourage a relatively buoyant and extensive domestic agricultural sector.
		The Corn Laws were not exempt from Peel's great fiscal reforms of 1842, where his strategy in the budget was to encourage economic recovery by cutting tariffs and reintroducing the income tax.
	www.orange.k12.oh.us /teachers/ohs/tshreve/apwebpage/readings/cornlaws.html (3709 words)

	The Corn Laws (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Corn laws were constantly adapted to changing foreign and domestic market conditions during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries.
		A Corn Law amendment in 1773 reduced the price levels at which duties were to be paid on imports and exports and allowed foreign wheat to enter England.
		Thus, the landowners' Corn Laws and an economic distinction between classes dealt the mass of the population were sources of perpetual dissatisfaction.
	www.math.grin.edu /~simpsone/Teaching/Romantics/ellen.html (714 words)

	corn laws - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		corn laws regulations restricting the export and import of grain, particularly in England.
		A novel endocrine-disrupting agent in corn with mitogenic activity in human breast and prostatic cancer cells.
		From corn wars to corn laws; Farming in Mexico.(Mexico's debate on GM maize)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-cornlaws.html (691 words)

	The Corn Laws published by Pickering & Chatto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The 1815 Corn Law, passed at the end of the French Wars to ensure the continued profitability of British agriculture, resulted in a debate which ended with the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846.
		Opposition to the Corn Laws was focused by the foundation of the Manchester-based anti-Corn Law League in 1838.
		The League's campaign for a complete repeal of the Corn Laws was not solely for unrestricted free trade (which itself raised the moral problem of trade in slave-produced sugar), but it raised a variety of constitutional, social, moral and political issues.
	www.pickeringchatto.com /cornlaws.htm (766 words)

	For a Repeal of the Corn Laws by Sir Robert Peel. Great Britain: II. (1780-1861). Vol. IV. Bryan, William Jennings, ed. ...
		For a Repeal of the Corn Laws by Sir Robert Peel.
		I may have been wrong, but my impression was, first, that my duty toward a country threatened with famine required that that which had been the ordinary remedy under all similar circumstances should be resorted to—namely, that there should be free access to the food of man from whatever quarter it might come.
		My belief therefore, is that in seeking the reenactment of the existing law after its suspension you would have had to contend with greater difficulties than you anticipate.
	www.bartleby.com /268/4/17.html (1545 words)

	The Corn Laws
		The proposition was not that rents were too high, but that corn was too low, and that it ought to be raised to such a price as to enable the farmer to cultivate his land with advantage, without reducing the landlord to the necessity of lowering his rents.
		The laws protected the expanded grain farms and failed to solve the problem of high prices: what they did do was to subject food prices to violent fluctuations at high levels and encouraged the hoarding of corn.
		The Corn Laws were the king-pin of protectionism and free trade had been a "stop-go" policy since the days of Pitt.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /town/terrace/adw03/peel/cornlaws/c-laws.htm (1970 words)

	CORN PLANTING HARVESTING AND COOKING - BUDWEISER PARTY PACK WITH A BROKEN BOTTLE - MISS BUDWEISER, CLYDESDALES SHIRE ...
		The Corn Laws were a series of statutes enacted between 1815 and 1846 which kept corn prices at a high level.
		The artificially high corn prices encouraged by the Corn Laws meant that the urban working class had to spend the bulk of their income on corn just to survive.
		Corn is the largest crop in the United States, in terms of acres planted and the value of the crop produced.
	www.budweiser-beer.net /corn.htm (1168 words)

	Corn Laws - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Corn Laws - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Corn Laws, British legislation that historically regulated trade in wheat and other grains, which in England are collectively called corn.
		- former British laws regulating grain trade: a group of laws introduced in Great Britain in 1804 and repealed in 1846 that were designed to restrict the importation of foreign grain by imposing duty on it.
	encarta.msn.com /Corn_Laws.html (106 words)

	The Corn Laws
		The proposition was not that rents were too high, but that corn was too low, and that it ought to be raised to such a price as to enable the farmer to cultivate his land with advantage, without reducing the landlord to the necessity of lowering his rents.
		The laws protected the expanded grain farms and failed to solve the problem of high prices: what they did do was to subject food prices to violent fluctuations at high levels and encouraged the hoarding of corn.
		The Corn Laws were the king-pin of protectionism and free trade had been a "stop-go" policy since the days of Pitt.
	www.historyhome.co.uk /peel/cornlaws/c-laws.htm (2015 words)

	Chartists and the Corn Laws (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Their suspicions would only have been confirmed by the Anti Corn Law League's management of one its most successful initiatives, a conference of 644 members of the clergy called to pass resolutions condemning the corn laws on moral and religious grounds.
		Some idea of the wealth of the Anti Corn Law League can also be seen in the annual accounts, which can still be seen in the Cobden Collection at West Sussex Records Office.
		General histories of the Anti Corn Law League can be found at the Web of English History (formerly the Peel Web) and on the Spartacus school web.
	www.chartists.net /Chartists-and-the-Corn-Laws (2592 words)

	The portal of real estate land and taxation in Israel - The Corn Laws Thomas R. Malthus
		That the decision on such a subject, should be founded on a correct and enlightened view of the whole question, will be allowed to be of the utmost importance, both with regard to the stability of the measures to be adopted, and the effects to be expected from them.
		And if they snot be so reduced, it is quite clear that the encouragement to the growth of corn will not be fully restored, even after the lapse of so long a period.
		Fifthly, how far and by what sacrifices, restrictions upon the importation of foreign corn are calculated to attain the end in view.
	landtax.co.il /essays/english/malthus/cornlaws.html (5396 words)

	corn laws — Infoplease.com
		corn laws, regulations restricting the export and import of grain, particularly in England.
		From corn wars to corn laws; Farming in Mexico.(Mexico's debate on GM maize)
		Richard A. Bieder of Bedford, a partner in the law firm Koskoff, Koskoff and Bieder, Bridgeport, Corn., was honored with awards from......
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0813602.html (313 words)

	The Campaign for the Repeal of the Corn Laws
		The campaign for the repeal of the Corn Laws was led by the Anti-Corn-Law League (ACLL) and was closely modelled on that of the Catholic Association led by Daniel O'Connell.
		His wealth came from the family's textile mills and was favourable to freer trade but had come to power at the head of a Conservative/Tory government in 1841 on a platform of maintaining the Corn Laws.
		Following two speeches in parliament on 22 and 27 January he was faced with the defection of two-thirds of his party and a bitter argument about his personal political consistence and party leadership.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /town/terrace/adw03/peel/cornlaws/c-laws2.htm (946 words)

	Peel & Repeal - Irish Nationalism in Wake of Famine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Established during the unrest of the post-Napoleonic period, the 1815 Corn Laws were a reflection of the legislatures intense desire to be independent of foreign food imports.
		Bright's condemning of the Corn Law as "inhumane, immoral, and unChristian" stirred the middle and lower classes to an almost religious fervor.
		Peel decided to deal with the Corn laws in such a way as to benefit all classes and to remove all restrictions and monopolies.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Aegean/7023/peel.html (3744 words)

	The Corn Laws (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In 1828 the Corn Laws were revised by the Duke of Wellington's government.
		The keystone of the protectionist system was thought to be the Corn Laws: once they were repealed, the ACLL thought that free trade would follow.
		The ACLL headed a nation-wide campaign for the repeal of the Corn Laws which ended in success in 1846 when the Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel repealed the legislation.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/cornlaws1.html (482 words)

	Corn Laws
		Although Cobden continued to tour the country making speeches against the Corn Laws, he was now in a position to constantly remind the British government that reform was needed.
		The failure of the Irish potato crop in 1845 and the mass starvation that followed, forced Sir Robert Peel and his Conservative government to reconsider the wisdom of the Corn Laws.
		Peel was gradual won over and in January 1846 a new Corn Law was passed that reduced the duty on oats, barley and wheat to the insignificant sum of one shilling per quarter became law.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /Lcorn46.htm (450 words)

	David Ricardo on Corn Laws
		The causes, which render the acquisition of an additional quantity of corn more difficult are, in progressive countries, in constant operation, whilst marked improvements in agriculture, or in the implements of husbandry are of less frequent occurrence.
		If these opposite causes acted with equal effect, corn would be subject only to accidental variation of price, arising from bad seasons, from greater or less real wages of labour, or from an alteration in the value of the precious metals, proceeding from their abundance or scarcity.
		If the price of corn is affected by the rise or fall of the value of the precious metals themselves, then indeed will the price of commodities be also affected, but they vary, because the value of money varies, not because the value of corn is altered.
	www.eco.utexas.edu /facstaff/Cleaver/368RicardoOnCornLaws.html (6646 words)

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