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Topic: Cornelius Vermuyden

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	Vermuyden, Cornelius - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Vermuyden, Cornelius (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		He began his first drainage work in Yorkshire in 1626, and in the periods 1629–37 was engaged on a major project to drain the Bedford Level, part of the Cambridgeshire Fens.
		Vermuyden was born on the island of Tholen, in Zeeland.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Vermuyden,+Cornelius (160 words)

	Story of Dutch reclaiming the Fens, East Anglia, England
		The Earl expected a lot based on the wonderworks of Vermuyden elsewhere in England : the diking of the river Thames at Dagenham en the reclamation of Hatfield Chase in Yorkshire.
		Vermuyden thought themselves and came in 1642 with its "discourse on the drainage or the Fens", with which he could the waning win confidence of the Adventurers.
		The Washes, a regulary flooded area between the two canals of Vermuyden, are for a large part a birding reserve.
	home.planet.nl /~hans.farjon/fens_v1.htm (1421 words)

	A Tribute to the Fens and its makers
		Vermuyden drained the area twice since dykes were broken by Parliament in 1642 during the Civil War in order to stop a Royalist advance.
		Vermuyden's purpose in dividing the Level was solely to decide to which outfalls areas of land were to drain.
		However, while Colonel Dodson in 1665 criticised Vermuyden, he believed the problem was the river 'bottoms' rising and not that the surrounding land was sinking so clearly it was far from clear to anyone in the 17th century.
	www.geocities.com /gedneyhill/gedney/fenareas.html (2672 words)

	Cornelius Vermuyden Summary
		Vermuyden went to England in 1621 (he later became a naturalized citizen) to repair the Thames embankments.
		After early successes in draining low-lying areas in the Netherlands, Vermuyden was contracted by Charles I in 1626 to drain Hatfield Chase in the Isle of Axholme, Lincolnshire.
		Vermuyden was then tasked with the draining of the "Great Fen" (renamed the Bedford Level after the Earl of Bedford) in Cambridgeshire, for which he would receive 95,000 acres (20 km²) of the reclaimed land.
	www.bookrags.com /Cornelius_Vermuyden (495 words)

	WSU \| CLAS \| History \| Ash Fen Project
		Vermuyden began his career in England during the 1620s, and rapidly rose to prominence when he succeeded in draining the royal estate of Hatfield Chase, for which he was knighted by Charles I in 1629.
		Despite a number of failures, Vermuyden's rare knowledge and experience made him seem an indispensable resource to his many patrons, as evidenced by the fact that he was repeatedly employed by speculators who were not even fully satisfied with the outcome of his earlier projects.
		Moreover, beyond his purely technical contributions, Vermuyden's expertise effectively made him a key agent of centralized economic and social control in England, with an active hand in virtually all phases of the endeavor.
	www.clas.wayne.edu /unit-inner.asp?WebPageID=282 (727 words)

	Epworth and the Isle of Axholme, history of the home of Epworth equestrian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The isle is so called, as until it was drained by the Dutch engineer Vermuyden (1627-1629), it was an inland island surrounded by rivers.
		A grant of the Commons to the freeholders and other tenants made by deed of 1360 by John de Mowbray, Lord of the Manor, gave many privileges and freedoms which were long cherished and protected.
		The Deed was to cause repercussions in the reign of Charles I when Sir Cornelius Vermuyden a Dutch engineer was given the task of draining the Isle.
	www.epworthequestrian.com /Epworth.html (545 words)

	Wisbech and the Fenlands - People
		Cornelius Vermuyden was commissioned by the Earl of Bedford to drain over 40000 acres of fenland.
		James Rennie made improvements on what Cornelius Vermuyden had planed, he was responsible for the new outfalls for the River Nene and River Ouse.
		Was born at Wisbech and would become the leading abolitionist in the fight to end slavery.
	contueor.com /wisbech/people (508 words)

	The Life of Captain Matthew Flinders eBook
		A family tradition relates that the Lincolnshire Flinders were amongst the people taken over to England by Sir Cornelius Vermuyden, a Dutch engineer of celebrity in his day, who undertook in 1621 to drain 360,000 acres of fen in Norfolk, Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire.
		Vermuyden and his Flemings were not allowed to accomplish their work of reclamation without incurring the enmity of the natives.
		Hardly any reform or improvement can be effected without some disruption of existing interests; and a people deeply sunk in poverty and toil could hardly be expected to contemplate with philosophical calm projects which, however advantageous to fortunate individuals and to posterity, were calculated to diminish their own means of living and their pleasant diversions.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/7304/14.html (457 words)

	Introduction
		Up to about 1900 all the drainage was by gravitation means, and it is only since then that extensive mechanical pumping of the land enables it to be used as arable farmland with residential housing.
		If one looks at the map of 1626 prior to the Dutchman Cornelius Vermuyden and his drainage scheme, only a few little hills poked out of the extensive marsh, with the highest raising to the dizzy height of 110 feet.
		The giving away of these “Rights” was at the heart the hostilities issue when in 1626 Cornelius Vermuyden set about draining this great mash,and selling of the land to his countrymen to raise capital to finance these extensive excavations.
	mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk /ferryeddie/html/introduction.html (1114 words)

	The Fens, England
		In the time of Hadrian there were large Roman settlements here engaged in growing corn and winning salt, and the process of draining the Fens was begun by the Romans.
		Large-scale drainage works were carried out between 1622 and 1656 by a Dutch engineer, Sir Cornelius Vermuyden, thus reclaiming large areas of land for agriculture; in consequence the Fens are now a fertile region growing wheat, sugar beet, vegetables, flowers and potatoes.
		The drainage system is based on a herringbone pattern of ditches with small channels leading into larger ones and these, in turn, leading into the even larger rivers.
	www.planetware.com /england/the-fens-eng-cmb-th.htm (317 words)

	Cornelius Vermuyden (1595-1683) - Fen Reclamation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Sir Cornelius Vermuyden, born 1595, Tholen, Netherlands, died circa April 1683 in London, was an engineer who first introduced Dutch land reclamation methods into England and drained the Fens, the low marshy lands of the East of England.
		An experienced embankment engineer, Vermuyden was employed in 1626 by King Charles I of England to drain Hatfield Chase in the Isle of Axholme.
		After the Civil War the work continued with the actual labour provided by Scottish prisoners of war captured at the Battle of Dunbar in 1650 and Dutchmen captured at a naval battle two years later.
	www.rootsweb.com /~engcam/cvermydn.htm (295 words)

	STOVIN.HTM
		The said Level was dischased and drained at the expence of above L400,000, Vermuyden and his Participants being obliged to stop up the old natural rivers, and to cut new and spacious canals, rivers, and drains for some hundred of miles in all.
		Sir Cornelius Vermuyden had brought over a great number of Dutchmen and French Protestants, with their families and their whole substance, amongst whom were several gentlemen of family and great fortune.
		The Grant was to Sir Cornelius Vermuyden who took in the rest of his Countrymen as Partners sold them different Shares of these Lands.
	members.aol.com /fdickenson/stovin.htm (5234 words)

	Drainage west of Barton on Humber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Charles I obtained the services of the Dutchman Sir Cornelius Vermuyden to drain Hatfield Chase (the King's estate) and the Isle of Axholme.
		The idea was that the King, Vermuyden and the people would each receive one third of the resultant drained land.
		As a result Dutch and French people were able to settle in Sandtoft now owned by Vermuyden and his backers, the local people being removed.
	www.renew.freeuk.com /newholl/drainage.html (305 words)

	Essex County Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		But under either of the two options, the closure of Furtherwick Park would be offset by the renewal and remodelling of the other two secondary schools – Castle View and Cornelius Vermuyden – allowing them to educate an increased number of pupils in world-class facilities.
		Cornelius Vermuyden School is significantly remodelled, with an approximate 80 per cent new building program
		Cornelius Vermuyden School is remodelled, refurbished and expands its intake from 180 to 240.
	www.essexcc.gov.uk /vip8/ecc/ECCWebsite/dis/ned.jsp?oid=83090 (1018 words)

	The Fens. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Earl has engaged the Dutch engineer Sir Cornelius Vermuyden to supervise the work.
		But the work of Sir Cornelius is bitterly opposed by the people who live in the fens.
		Sir Cornelius' son was a little boy of about six but the engineer's son was about the same age as Peter.
	www.marysmoffat.co.uk /bibliography/seven/fens.htm (355 words)

	Hatfield Chase Corporation, 1538-1973 - Water Resources - Manuscripts & Special Collections - The University of ...
		Hatfield Chase was a marshy, low-lying area which often flooded, and Vermuyden was asked to drain the area and reclaim the land.
		The newly-drained land was then to be divided into three parts: Vermuyden was to receive one-third, the Crown one-third, and the remaining third was to be divided among existing tenants who claimed right of Common over the Chase.
		Some early deeds (1626-1692) include copies of agreements between Charles I and Cornelius Vermuyden regarding the drainage of Hatfield Chase, as well as abstracts of the Hatfield Manorial Court Rolls from the 14th century.
	www.nottingham.ac.uk /mss/online/water/collections/hatfield-chase.phtml (1976 words)

	Cromford in Derbyshire: History
		Vermuyden drained the Dovegang mines by means of soughs, (drainage tunnels), and the work, employing over 1000 miners and tradesmen, was finally completed in 1651, although the benefits were felt before then.
		Vermuyden's Sough ran downhill from the drowned veins of lead and emerged in Dene fields, an area now lost to quarrying.
		The letter concerns the accounts and dealings concerning the mine in the time before Anthony Coates and Henry Coates became involved, and assured Lord Heath that the water had now gone from the mine, work had begun and it should be a good year.
	www.pandyweb.freeserve.co.uk /crom_his.html (12306 words)

	Nottinghamshire: history and archaeology \| Brown's History of Nottinghamshire: Retford
		At the Retford Sessions in 1630 the justices reported to the Council that they had taken the recognizances of John Molanus and three other workmen of Sir Cornelius Vermuyden, the complaint being that while digging in a field of Sir Francis Thornhill the men had struck Edward Thornhill and used indecent words against Sir Francis.
		Sir Cornelius Vermuyden was a famous Dutch engineer, and the Cars were drained by Dutch and Flemish workmen under his supervision.
		In 1745, on the occasion of the rebellion under the Young Pretender, an army of 6,000 English and Hessian troops encamped upon Wheatley Hills, and the soldiers, on marching through Retford, made a stable of the church for their horses.
	www.nottshistory.org.uk /Brown1896/retford.htm (1693 words)

	On-line Exhibitions - Lincolnshire County Council
		Signature of Cornelius Vermuyden on a property deed of 1638 (reference: BRA 1624/1)
		In the 1620s King Charles I commissioned the famous Dutch land drainer, Cornelius Vermuyden, to drain a huge area of marshland in the north-west of Lincolnshire, in the area that is now called the Isle of Axholme.
		Many of the settlers who were employed to carry this out work were religious refugees, Huguenots from France and Walloons and Flemings from what is now Belgium, persecuted in their home countries for their Protestant beliefs.
	www.lincolnshire.gov.uk /section.asp?catId=8226 (349 words)

	[No title]
		On 24 May 1626 King Charles I granted a charter to Cornelius VERMUYDEN giving him the authority to drain the Chase and adjoining marshlands in the Isle of Axholme.
		Cornelius was the son of Giles Vermuyden and Sarah (nee WERKENDET) and was born in 1590 on the Isle of Tholen in Zealand, Holland.
		Vermuyden brought over a number of Dutch and Flemish (probably) Walloon settlers and actively engaged them in the reclamation work.
	www.petuniapress.com /ml/19990825.txt (3716 words)

	[No title]
		Then along came the 4th Earl of Bedford and his Dutch engineer, Cornelius Vermuyden.
		From 1632 to 1653 Vermuyden reclaimed over 95,000 acres of peat land in the area now known as the Bedford Level.
		As the peat dried out it shrank, lowering the level of the reclaimed land and reintroducing the danger of flooding.
	members.lycos.co.uk /GrahamRippon/page13.html (156 words)

	Body
		Vermuyden was brought in during 1621 and was knighted by Charles I in 1629.
		Vermuyden built the great Bedford River, a long straight ditch 70 feet wide, 21 miles long, running from Earith to Salters' Lode near Downham (1631).
		Towards the end of the 17th century, it became obvious that Vermuyden's scheme was flawed.
	website.lineone.net /~grandlaf/Fnlrb.htm (2253 words)

	Welcome to Peterborough Museum & Art Gallery
		Although piecemeal drainage plans were carried out in the medieval period, it was not until the 17th century that schemes for the drainage of the whole "Great Level" of the fens were begun.
		In an agreement of 1630, Francis Earl of Bedford, who owned a large fenland estate at Thorney, joined with other "adventurers" (so-called because they had invested or "adventured" money in the schemes) and the experienced Dutch engineer Sir Cornelius Vermuyden to undertake the work and divide up the proceeds.
		The original work was to take only six years, in fact this was only the beginning of an amazing engineering endeavour which continues to this day.
	www.peterboroughheritage.org.uk /museum/civilwar.html (277 words)

	Orkney and Other Scottish Islands \| MetaFilter
		They were welcomed by Cornelius Vermuyden, an eminent drainage engineer involved in schemes to reclaim land from the fens in Lincolnshire and north Cambridgeshire.
		The Walloons set up a colony at Sandtoft on Hatfield Chase in the Isle of Axeholme and used their ditching and embankment skills to clear and drain the fens.
		For hundreds of years they had held the right to take wildfowl and fish the pools and rivers, and they were appalled by the idea that Cornelius Vermuyden and his supporters could deprive them of their livelihood by draining the area.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/25384 (751 words)

	Doncaster West PCT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A THORNE man is £100 richer after his idea to name the town’s new health and social care centre after a Dutch drainage engineer was given the ‘thumbs up’ by judges.
		His nomination was chosen by judges from the PCT, Thorne-Moorends Town Council and the two local family doctor practices that will be moving into the ‘super surgery’, which is nearing completion off Fieldside Road.
		Mr Grantham, who works at Pollington-based Celcon, is impressed with the engineering expertise of Cornelius Vermuyden, who lived in the Old Hall, Queen Street, Thorne in the 1600s and was responsible for reclaiming huge areas of wetland in the local area and making it available for farming use.
	www.doncasterwestpct.nhs.uk /pressreleases/details.asp?ReleaseID=855 (307 words)

	The Fens
		For hundreds of years man has tried to drain the Fens, but it wasn't until Cornelius Vermuyden came along that success was achieved.
		With various other drainage schemes [including the 40 foot or Vermuyden's Drain] undertaken around the same time, the Fens were eventually reclaimed!.
		After years of drying out, the drained Fens began to sink and we are left with the phenomena of the Rivers and Drains being higher than the surrounding farmland.
	www.elyfenlandpac.co.uk /thefens/thefens.htm (356 words)

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