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Topic: Coronary circulation

	Coronary catheterization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A coronary catheterization is a minimally invasive procedure to access the coronary circulation and blood filled chambers of the heart using a catheter.
		The first case of coronary catheterization was serendipitous: Sones, a pediatric cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic, accidentally injected radiocontrast in the coronary artery instead of the left ventricle.
		During coronary catheterization (often referred to as a cath by physicians), blood pressures are recorded and X-Ray motion picture shadow-grams of the blood inside the coronary arteries are recorded.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coronary_catheterization (1750 words)

	Coronary circulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The coronary circulation consists of the blood vessels that supply blood to, and remove blood from, the heart muscle itself(rather than chambers).
		During contraction of the ventricular myocardium (systole), the subendocardial coronary vessels (the vessels that enter the myocardium) are compressed due to the high intraventricular pressures.
		In the coronary circulation, norepinephrine elicits vasodilation, due to the predominance of beta-adrenergic receptors in the coronary circulation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coronary_circulation (1083 words)

	The Journal of Invasive Cardiology
		Collateral Coronary Circulation in the Absence of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
		In light of the above developmental sequence, the absence of a coronary lesion, and the course of the vessels in the atrioventricular groove, we believe that the cases we describe represent a developmental anomaly secondary to a failure of resorption of part of the early vascular ring.
		Intercoronary anastomosis in the absence of obstructive lesions of the coronary arteries.
	www.invasivecardiology.com /JIC/displayArticle.cfm?articleID=article607 (1490 words)

	ACC/AHA Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Interventional Procedures
		Coronary angioplasty versus left internal mammary artery grafting for isolated proximal left anterior descending artery stenosis.
		Coronary bypass graft fate and patient outcome: angiographic follow-up of 5,065 grafts related to survival and reoperation in 1,388 patients during 25 years.
		Dissolution of coronary artery bypass graft thrombi by streptokinase infusion.
	www.acc.org /clinical/guidelines/percutaneous/percutaneous_ref.htm (8692 words)

	The heart is able to sustain adequate coronary circulation in the majority of people
		While all of these conditions have significant physiologic ramifications, coronary atherosclerosis is by far the most common, and is currently thought to be the most common cause of death in western society.
		Among the methods used to treat this disease are coronary artery bypass surgery, administration of nitrates such as nitroglycerine, and coronary angioplasty.
		Coronary artery disease is not new to western culture.
	www.msu.edu /~austrins/kshortpap.html (829 words)

	Chapter 5
		In several other regions, however, the primary purpose of the circulation is to provide a large flow rate for the processing of the physicochemical constituents of the blood, and the blood flow is in excess of that needed to meet the local metabolic demands.
		Since the coronary flow is determined by the ratio of the driving aortic pressure to the coronary resistance, the phasic variations in these two parameters result in a phasic change in coronary flow (see figure).
		The variations in extravascular pressure in the coronary circulation also affect the capacity of the veins and the volume of blood in the venous side of the coronary circulation.
	www.columbia.edu /~kj3/Chapter5.htm (2191 words)

	eMedicine - Coronary Artery Anomalies : Article Excerpt by: Andrew N Pelech, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Coronary artery anomalies are an occasional cause of sudden death in young athletes.
		In 90% of patients, the RCA supplies the posterior descending coronary artery branch at the crux of the heart, which supplies the atrioventricular (AV) node and the posterior aspect of the interventricular septum.
		The left coronary ostium is usually single, giving rise to a short, common LCA trunk that branches into the left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex (Cx) coronary arteries.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/byname/coronary-artery-anomalies.htm (645 words)

	eMedicine - Coronary Artery Anomalies : Article by Andrew N Pelech, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Coronary arteries that arise ectopically usually course tangentially to the aortic wall or arise in close relationship to the commissure of the aortic valve.
		The course of named coronary arteries is mostly epicardial, although the proximal LAD may have an intramural or subepicardial course in 5-25% of the general population.
		Epicardial coronary vessels serve as capacitance vessels, primarily filling during the period of diastole (as much as 85% of total flow), and intramural pressure and resistance to myocardial perfusion progressively increase from the outer to inner layers of the heart.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2506.htm (3904 words)

	The coronary circulation in human septic shock.
		To determine whether myocardial depression in human septic shock is associated with reduced coronary flow, thermodilution coronary sinus catheters were placed in seven patients with septic shock for measurements of coronary flow and myocardial metabolism.
		This pattern of disordered coronary autoregulation is analogous to the pattern of arteriovenous shunting in other organs in patients with septic shock.
		The preservation of coronary flow, the net myocardial lactate extraction, and the increased availability of oxygen to the myocardium argue against global ischemia as the cause of myocardial depression in human septic shock.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1986/jun/M8660212.html (436 words)

	The human coronary collateral circulation -- Seiler 89 (11): 1352 -- Heart
		Conversely, in the absence of a coronary artery stenotic
		A pathophysiological study in 30 patients undergoing coronary angioplasty on the respective contribution of collateral recruitment and ischaemic preconditioning to the development of ischaemic tolerance in response to repetitive coronary occlusions.
		Coronary collateral circulation: clinical significance and influence on survival in patients with coronary artery occlusion.
	heart.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/89/11/1352 (3481 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The right coronary artery (RCA) divides into main two branches: posterior descending artery (PDA) and right coronary artery continues on the posterior side and both of these supplies the right side of the heart.
		Different ways to study coronary circulation Angiography — basically an x-ray of the heart after a radiopaque dye by using a catheter.
		Diastolic/systolic velocity ratio is usually decreased in coronary heart disease because of the decrease flow during diastole.
	www.muhealth.org /~md2006/block2/10.31.02-coronary_circulation.doc (750 words)

	Introduction to ancient famous herbal products in China
		promoting coronary circulation to remove blood stasis, strengthening the heart and replenishing qi it has the functions of relieving myocardiac ischemia, improving the microcirculation, relieving angina pectoris and enhancing the function of the heart.
		dilating coronary artery, increasing the amount of blood flow in coronary artery and cerebral artery, reducing blood-lipid, strengthening cardiac contractility, lowering blood pressure.
		promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, inducing resuscitation by means of aromatics and regulating the blood flow of qi to alleviate pain.
	www.tcmtreatment.com /images/herb-supply/product-introduction/coronary-heart.htm (542 words)

	Coronary Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		While the circulatory system is busy providing oxygen and nourishment to every cell of the body, let's not forget that the heart, which works hardest of all, needs nourishment, too.
		Coronary circulation refers to the movement of blood through the tissues of the heart.
		The circulation of blood through the heart is just one part of the overall circulatory system.
	www.msu.edu /~terbrack/817Redesign/frames/coronaryFrame.htm (146 words)

	Circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The pulmonary circulation is also referred to as the lesser circulation.
		Two coronary arteries lead from the aorta to the heart wall, where they branch off and enter the heart muscle.
		The blood is returned from the heart muscle to the right atrium through the coronary vein, which enters the right atrium through the coronary sinus.
	www.botany.uwc.ac.za /SCI_ED/grade10/manphys/circulation.htm (488 words)

	biology - Circulatory system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Oxygenated blood from the lungs returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins, flows into the left atrium and then into the left ventricle, which then pumps the blood through the aorta, the major artery which supplies blood to the body.
		The major arteries of the splanchnic circulation branch directly off the aorta and include the celiac artery (celiac axis), superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery.
		Ibn Nafis in 1268 was the first person to accurately describe the process of blood circulation in the human body.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Cardiovascular_system (1204 words)

	Coronary circulation
		The left coronary artery (LCA) arises from the aorta above the left cusp of the aortic valve as the left main (LM) artery.
		The right coronary artery (RCA) originates above the right cusp of the aortic valve.
		The artery that supplies the posterior descending artery and the posterolateral artery (PLA) determines the coronary dominance.
	www.mrsci.com /Arteries/Coronary_circulation.php (902 words)

	IBN AL-NAFIS,IBN AL NAFIS, AL NAFIS,great muslims,great moslems,famous muslims,famous moslems
		He was the first to correctly describe the constitution of the lungs and gave a description of the bronchi and the interaction between the human body's vessels for air and blood.
		It was commonly believed that the Discovery of Pulmonary Circulation that is, the movement of blood from the right to the left ventricles of the heart via the lungs,had its inception in Europe in the sixteenth century by Servetus, Vesalius, Colombo, and finally Harvey.
		Later, Michael Servetus described the pulmonary circulation in his theological book, "Christianismi Restitutio", in 1553 and wrote, "...air mixed with blood is sent from the lungs to the heart through the arterial vein; therefore, the mixture is made in the lungs.
	www.famousmuslims.com /IBN%20AL-NAFIS.htm (1233 words)

	In vivo measurement of coronary circulation angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in humans -- Staniloae et al. 284 ...
		1, 2, 3), the proximal and mid-left anterior descending coronary
		in the coronary microcirculation and is not influenced by the
		A clinically applicable method for the estimation of substrate transport in the coronary circulation in vivo.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/284/1/H17 (3103 words)

	Endogenous plasma endothelin concentrations and coronary circulation in patients with mild dilated cardiomyopathy -- ...
		Endogenous plasma endothelin concentrations and coronary circulation in patients with mild dilated cardiomyopathy
		The coronary circulation in patients with IDCM is exposed to an increased endothelin load.
		simultaneously from the coronary sinus and the descending aorta
	heart.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/81/3/278 (3728 words)

	NEUROHUMORAL REGULATION OF CORONARY BLOOD CIRCULATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is shown that the increase of volumetric speed of the coronary blood flow observed in case of subdiaphragmatic irritation of vagus nerve is realized by means of the above incretions.
		The participation of four mentioned organ-systems in this neurohormonal regulation may be considered principally proved, as for the role of target cells in this reaction, it is hypothetical as far as we have solved it empirically.
		The significance of the role of the two hormones (insulin and coronary active hormone) in b -cells of islets of Langerhans is revealed for the adequate blood and energy supply to the myocardium in extremal situations.
	www.medlib.am /2000_2_1AE.htm (344 words)

	Red Gold . Blood Journey . Phase 2 \| PBS
		The body's circulatory system really has three distinct parts: circulation through the lungs (pulmonary circulation), the heart (coronary circulation), and the rest of the system (systemic circulation).
		Pulmonary circulation, in which blood goes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart, is when the blood exchanges carbon dioxide, a waste product it has picked up from the rest of the body, for oxygen, which it will carry to the rest of the body.
		The movement of blood through the capillaries of the heart for these purposes is called coronary circulation.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/redgold/journey/phase2_a1.html (465 words)

	BIOL 231 Lecture Outline
		Coronary circulation is a specific type of systemic circulation involving the blood supply to the heart.
		Note that there are anastomoses of the coronary arterial branches, providing collateral circulation (alternate routes) for blood to reach the myocardial cells.
		The coronary arterial branches divide further into smaller branches, then into arterioles, and finally capillaries, where the myocardial cells pick up oxygen and nutrients and release wastes to the blood.
	people.morehead-st.edu /fs/m.mcmurr/231-L16.html (1269 words)

	Perfusion of the isolated trout heart coronary circulation with red blood cells: effects of oxygen supply and nitrite ...
		The coronary cannula was connected to two input reservoirs, one filled with saline (maintained at constant level by a re-circulating pump; not shown) and the other filled with the red blood cell (RBC) suspension.
		of the trout coronaries to adenosine (Mustafa and Agnisola, 1998
		Coronary flow was significantly higher in the absence of L-NA than in the presence of L-NA during both saline perfusion and
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/208/19/3665 (4817 words)

	Coronary circulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The functional significance of a stenosis in a coronary artery is sometimes difficult to assess.
		In their series myocardial fractional flow reserve appeared to be a useful index to determine the functional significance of an epicardial coronary stenosis and may facilitate clinical decision making in patients with an equivocal coronary stenosis.
		The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is to a large extent still unknown.
	www.icin.knaw.nl /keypub/coronarycir.html (464 words)

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