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Topic: Cortex (botany)

	Cortex - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		the cerebellar cortex is the outermost layer of the cerebellum
		In botany, the cortex is the outer portion of the stem or root of a plant.
		In anatomy and zoology, the cortex is the outermost (or "superficial") layer of an organ.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cortex (173 words)

	AllRefer.com - cortex (Botany, General) - Encyclopedia
		cortex, in botany, term generally applied to the outer soft tissues of the leaves, stems, and roots of plants.
		Cortical cells of the leaves and outer layers of nonwoody stems contain chloroplasts, and are modified for food storage (usually in the form of starch) in roots and the inner layers of stems and seeds.
		Because of the combination of its soft texture (especially after cooking) and its role as a food storage tissue, the cortex is the predominant plant tissue eaten by humans and other animals.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/cortex.html (171 words)

	Read about Cortex at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Cortex and learn about Cortex here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		neuroanatomy the cortex is the outermost layer of the brain.
		In botany the cortex is the outer portion of the
		In anatomy and zoology the cortex is the outermost (or "superficial") layer of an
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Cortex (245 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		cortex cortex, in botany, term generally applied to the outer soft tissues of the leaves, stems, and roots of plants.
		The outer yellowish layer (cortex) of the adrenal gland secretes about 30 steroid hormones, the most important of which are aldosterone and cortisol.
		cortisol cortisolkôr´tĬsôland180; or hydrocortisone, steroid hormone that in humans is the major circulating hormone of the cortex, or outer layer, of the adrenal gland.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Cortex (495 words)

	[No title]
		Cortex The ground tissue found beneath the epidermis which surrounds the central cylinder and is delimited from the vascular cylinder by endodermis is called cortex.
		It is clearly delimited from the cortex because of the presence of the endodermis.
		The Stem Cortex It is the cylindrical region between the epidermis and the vascular cylinder.
	www.vet.purdue.edu /bms/intl/nourtext/anatomy.www (14167 words)

	Cortex. Who is Cortex? What is Cortex? Where is Cortex? Definition of Cortex. Meaning of Cortex.
		There is no common origin or structure between the various cortexes, their only commonality is that they are distinctive layers at the surfaces of the organs involved.
		The cortex is the outer portion of the stem or root of a plant, bounded on the outside by the epidermis and on the inside by the pericycle.
		In zoology, a cortex is the superficial layer of an organ.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Cortex (176 words)

	cortex on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Vue du cortex cérébral atteint pat le maladie d'Alzheimer Le laboratoire Berlex, filiale aux Etats-Unis du groupe allemand.
		Vue d'un cortex cérébral atteint par la maladie d'Alzheimer Même si les chercheurs ont ouvert des pistes prometteuses pour.
		Vue du cortex cérébral atteint par la maladie d'Alzheimer Une campagne nationale pour financer la recherche sur les maladi.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/c1/cortex.asp (515 words)

	American Journal of Botany, 35, 4, April, 1948 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The primary cortex of roots and stems was studied with indicators applied to fresh sections, and it was found that there are oxidation gradients in the following zones in the cortex (a) outer (b) inner (c) opposite the phloem (d) opposite gaps in the endodermis in stems (e) in the mid-cortex in some plants.
		There are reduction zones in the cortex (a) in the mid-cortex (b) in the outer cortex in some plants (c) in developing aerenchymal cavities.
		Acid dyes were absorbed by the inner cortex, and basic dyes by the outer cortex.
	www.botany.org /ajb/00029122_di001461.html (2047 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Cortex
		In botany the cortex is the outer portion of the stem or root of a plant, bounded on the outside by the epidermis and on the inside by the pericycle.
		It is often recorded on the dorsal surface of flakes using a three class system: primary (100% cortex), secondary (100%>x>0%), and tertiary (0%).
		The amount of cortex present on artefacts in an archaeological assemblage may indicate the extent of lithic reduction that has occurred.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Cortex (453 words)

	Association Cortex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The human Cortex is 1-4 mm thick, with an area (if it were spread flat) of about0.22 m 2.
		The cortex is the outer portion of the stem or root of a plant, bounded on the outside by the epidermis and onthe inside by the pericycle.
		In lithic analysis, cortex is the outer layer of rock formed on the exterior of raw materials by chemical and mechanical weathering processes.
	www.bodawg.com /point/32360-association-cortex.html (391 words)

	Encyclopedia: Entorhinal cortex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The entorhinal cortex (EC) is an important memory center in the brain.
		In the eyeblink reflex, the association of impulses from the eye and the ear occurs in the entorhinal cortex.
		The Entorhinal Cortex (EC) is a major part of the hippocampal formation, and is reciprocally connected with the hippocampus.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Entorhinal-cortex (221 words)

	Botany of the wheat plant - E.J.M. Kirby
		They grow through the cortex and ramify into the soil, their structure resembling that of the main root.
		Where the roots emerge from the node, near the soil surface, the outer part of the cortex develops a thick band of sclerenchymatous tissue beneath the epidermis, giving the root considerable mechanical strength.
		As the internode elongates, the provascular strands are initiated in the cortex and an intercalary meristem develops at the base of each internode.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/006/Y4011E/y4011e05.htm (7988 words)

	Botany online: Growth - Differentiation - Translocation - Ions - Assimilates - Effectors
		Absorption occurs directly by the rhizodermis, and the area that takes up water and ions is enlarged by the formation of root hairs.
		From there flows the water through the cortex that may be developed as an exodermis, through the endodermis, the innermost layer of cortical cells and into the cells of the stele's vascular bundles.
		Water movement through the phloem translocating pathways is driven by the pressure gradient that depends ultimately on the active short-distance transport mechanisms involved in phloem loading and unloading.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/e28/28d.htm (1060 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		However, other regions, including the short cells of the dimorphic exodermis, the remainder of the cortex, and the stele (except for the mature vessels), remained alive for periods of prolonged drought (up to 200 d after cessation of watering).
		After the death of the epidermis, the presence of Casparian bands in all cells of the exodermis and suberin lamellae in its long cells presumably reduced the flow of water from the root to the dry external medium.
		A dieback pattern in which the cortex is retained would place an increased respiratory demand on the plant compared with dieback to the endodermis.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1993/93_staso1.htm (329 words)

	Botany online: Interactions - Plants - Fungi - Parasitic and Symbiotic Relations - Mycorrhiza
		A part of the mycelium extends into the cortex cells and between them while another part spreads out into the soil.
		The cortex cells develop no secondary walls, root hairs and calyptra are missing, and the endodermis is usually impregnated with tannins in order to prevent a further advance of the fungi.
		The fungus penetrates the root cortex but never meristems, vascular tissues, chlorophyll-containing or otherwise specialized tissues.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/e33/33b.htm (2418 words)

	Garden Botany
		In the middle is the pith, a region of undifferentiated cells which, together with the cortex, form a base for the other layers to grow in.
		Outside of this is a layer of cells known as the cortex and then the epidermis, the skin of the stem, which is modified into bark in woody plants.
		The vascular system is made up of xylem, which transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves, and phloem, which transports food to the roots and the stem.
	www.bbg.org /gar2/topics/botany/parts_stem.html (613 words)

	botany
		Botany is the branch of Biology concerned with the scientific study of plants.
		However, advances in our knowledge about the myriad forms of life, especially microbes (viruses and bacteria) have led to a spinning off from botany of the specialized field of microbiology.
		Among the earliest of botanical works, written around 300 BC, are two large treatises by Theophrastus: On the History of Plants (Historia Plantarum) and On the Causes of Plants.
	www.fact-library.com /botany.html (126 words)

	Mycorrhizas: A Diversity of Types
		The intraradical ("within root") phase is comprised of simple hyphae, with or without additional structures, that occur within the root epidermis and cortex, either between and within individual cells or just between them.
		The fungus is restricted to the cortex and epidermis -- it does not cross the endodermis and enter the stele.
		It consists of a network of hyphae that extends between the cortex cells in much the same way that mortar surrounds bricks in a wall.
	www.gchydro.com /art_mycorr.asp (2938 words)

	Anatomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The cortex is the region of the stem between the epidermis and the vascular bundles, and the pith is the tissue in the center of the stem.
		the cortex- may be composed of parenchyma cells, and/or collenchyma cells, which have thickened walls, and function as a supportive layer.
		The cambium also extends between the bundles, and may be visible as an indistinct line dividing the cortex and the pith.
	arnica.csustan.edu /carosella/Boty1052/leafanatomy.htm (1304 words)

	wiki/Cortex Definition / wiki/Cortex Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Movement commands themselves are sent from the primary motor cortex to motorneurons in the spinal cord.
		In botany, the cortex is the outer portion of the stemA stem is the above ground axis of a vascular plant.
		[click for more], the cortex is the outer layer of rock formed on the exterior of raw materials by chemical and mechanical weathering processes.
	www.elresearch.com /wiki/Cortex (589 words)

	Sister Institutional Links at the Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine/UNESCO UNITWIN Collaboration
		This slides are showing : Epidermis, cortex of two types; collenchyma and parenchyma, starch sheath, pericycle in patches (Bast Phloem Fibers), vascular bundles limited and arranged in one ring, presence of xylem vessels (endarch protoxylem and exarch metaxylem), primary phloem, fascicular and interfascicular cambium, and wide pith.
		This slides are showing : Epidermis, cortex of two types; collenchyma and parenchyma, starch sheath, pericycle in patches (Bast Phloem Fibers), vascular bundles limited and arranged in one ring, presence of xylem vessels, xylem or wood parenchyma, xylem fibers, endarch protoxylem and exarch metaxylem, primary phloem, fascicular and interfascicular cambium, and wide pith.
		This slides are showing : Epidermis, cortex of two types; collenchyma and parenchyma, starch sheath, pericycle in patches(Bast Phloem Fibers), vascular bundles limited and arranged in one ring, presence of xylem vessels, xylem parenchyma, xylem or wood fibers, endarch protoxylem and exarch metaxylem, primary phloem, fascicular and interfascicular cambium, and wide pith.
	www.vet.purdue.edu /bms/intl/UNESCO.html (13607 words)

	caloplaca coralloides lichen morphology
		coralloides is a dwarf fruticose lichen, which means that it has a radial structure without a lower cortex (whereas many foliose lichens have a lower cortex) and that it generally grows in clumps up to 2 cm in diameter.
		coralloides is anchored to its substratum by basal rhizoidal strands that are derived from the cortex.
		The rhizines are ash gray and trap a powdery gray substance.
	www.mbari.org /staff/conn/botany/lichens/morphology.htm (466 words)

	Botany sucks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Botany - the science, a branch of biology, that deals with plants, their life, structure, growth, classification, etc.
		For I harbor a fear of Botany, a fear that I cannot conquer.
		Everybody was eager to learn how one plant was more important than anything else in the world and that if one really wanted to make a difference in the world, it was inevitable that one would have to be a botanist.
	www.geocities.com /SoHo/7364/botanysucks.html (515 words)

	Oxford Journals \| Life Sciences \| Annals of Botany \| About the Journal
		Annals of Botany is an international plant science journal with editorial offices in Australia, Japan, Mainland Europe, UK and USA.
		The Journal has an ISI Impact Factor of 2.262 (2004) and is managed by the Annals of Botany Company, a not-for-profit educational charity established to promote plant science worldwide.
		Annals of Botany does not levy page charges, provides electronic reprints and 25 hard copy reprints of each article free of charge, supplies a complimentary printed copy of the issue to each corresponding author and makes no charge for colour plates where these carry useful information or enhance clarity.
	www3.oup.co.uk /jnls/list/annbot/scope (360 words)

	Roots, Botany Course, Master Gardener Training, Extension Service, Oregon State University
		A root's epidermis is its outermost layer of cells (Figure 3).
		Cortex cells are involved in moving water from the epidermis to the vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) and in storing food.
		Vascular tissue is located in the center of the root and conducts food and water.
	extension.oregonstate.edu /mg/botany/roots.html (403 words)

	Lesson 6
		Roots are an often overlooked part of plants primarily because they are hidden beneath the soil ('out of sight, out of mind').
		Vascular tissue is located in the center of the root and conducts food and water to and from other parts of the plant.
		Many botany books are available in the Rachel Carson Classroom.
	www.4j.lane.edu /~whitley/botany/lessons/lesson06/botless6.html (1254 words)

	Botany 1050 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Water and dissolved minerals move laterally across the outer cylinder from the epidermis, through the cortex, to the endodermis.
		The cells of the cortex are large parenchyma cells with many intercellular spaces.
		At higher magnification, look for and label on figure 3 the epidermis (may be more than one layer of cells), the cortex, and the endodermis.
	arnica.csustan.edu /carosella/Boty1052/roots.htm (1228 words)

	TIAN, BAO-LIN, JIANGLIN CHANG, HONGQI LI, AND DAVID W. TAYLOR. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)*
		The stem is eustelic and has well preserved cortex, phloem, secondary xylem, primary xylem and pith.
		The cortex has abundant resin cells, adventitious root traces, and leaf traces that extend through cortex horizontally around the stele to the periphery of the stem in a girdling course.
		The secondary xylem is relatively narrow in width, and consists of tracheids (that have 1-2 rows of scalariform, round to polygonal bordered pits) and uniseriate to multiseriate rays.
	www.ou.edu /cas/botany-micro/bsa-abst/section13/abstracts/186.shtml (338 words)

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