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Cushing Diease and Nelson Syndrome The corticotropic pituitary adenomas responsible for the hypersecretion of ACTH are most often microadenomas averaging 5 mm in diameter. Although it has been suggested that corticotropic adenomas have a predilection for the central mucoid core of the anterior lobe, they may be located anywhere in the sella. Microscopically, corticotropic tumors are composed of compact sheets of uniform polygonal cells having round to oval nuclei with prominent nucleoli. www.pituitaryadenomas.com /cushing.htm   (4379 words)

Classification of Pituitary Adenomas In corticotropic cell adenomas associated with Cushing's disease, bundles of type 1 microfilaments are frequently observed in the cytoplasm, principally adjacent to the nucleus. They are identical to Crooke's hyaline material noted in nontumorous corticotropic cells in patients treated with pharmacologic doses of cortisol or its derivatives, and in cases of the ectopic ACTH syndrome. Hence corticotrope adenomas and gonadotrope adenomas, although they secrete more than one hormone, are not regarded as plurihormonal tumors and are not classified as such. www.pituitaryadenomas.com /classificationpituitary.htm   (8054 words)

Corticotrope response to removal of releasing factors and corticosteroids in vivo -- Dallman et al. 117 (5): 2190 -- ... Corticotrope response to removal of releasing factors and corticosteroids in vivo -- Dallman et al. Corticotrope response to removal of releasing factors and corticosteroids in vivo Because corticosterone is known to act both at the corticotrope and at the endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/117/5/2190   (524 words)

Molecular Components of Large Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BK) Channels in Mouse Pituitary Corticotropes -- ... corticotropes was also expressed in adult mouse anterior pituitary. B, Amino acid sequence alignment of mammalian STREX-1 inserts characterized to date: mouse (AtT20 D16:16 cell and normal mouse pituitary, this study); rat chromaffin cells (25) and rat anterior pituitary (this study); rabbit kidney tubules (29); and human pancreatic islets (27). Membranes were isolated from: HEK 293 cells stably expressing the mouse AtT20 corticotrope STREX-1 variant (10 µg/lane, STREX-1); native AtT20 cells (40 µg/lane, AtT20); and mock transfected HEK 293 cells (40 µg/lane, HEK). mend.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/10/1728   (5046 words)

MULTIPLE PITUITARY HORMONE DEFICIENCY (MPHD) Lhx4 is necessary for cell survival and Lhx3 expression, with the pituitary hypoplasia seen in Lhx4 mutants actually results from increased cell death and reduced differentiation, directly attributable to loss of Lhx3; while Prop1 mutants exhibit normal cell proliferation and cell survival but show evidence of defective dorsal-ventral patterning(16). In the absence of both of these genes, no specification of corticotropes, gonadotropes or thyrotropes occurs in the anterior lobe. Since PROP1 does not appear to be required for the development of the corticotrope cell line, the etiology of ACTH deficiency is unclear. www.endotext.org /pediatrics/pediatrics1/ch01s05.html   (1630 words)

Últimas novedades por revista - Conclusions: Enhancement of both basal and stimulated corticotrope secretion coupled with reduced adrenal sensitivity to low ACTH dose is present in AP patients without symptoms and signs of hypoadrenalism. This functional picture suggests that normal adrenal secretion is maintained due to corticotrope hyperfunction, suggesting the existence of some subclinical primary hypoadrenalism... Corticotrope hypersecretion coupled with cortisol hypo-responsiveness to stimuli is present in patients with autoimmune endocrine diseases: evidence for subclinical primary hypoadrenalism? www.lasalud.com /busquedas/buscar_por_revista.htm?revi=980   (1689 words)

PA570: Learning Resouces: Lectures: The Endocrine System   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) This patient suffers from the effects of adrenal cortical hyperfunction caused by hypersecretion of ACTH by a pituitary corticotrope adenoma. This is an example of ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA in a patient with a pituitary corticotrope adenoma. Hypersecretion of ACTH by the pituitary adenoma has stimulated the adrenal cortex to undergo hyperplasia and secrete excess corticosteroids (Cushing disease). jeffline.tju.edu /Education/dl/PA570/lr/lectures/11a.html   (1291 words)

Glucocorticoids Block Protein Kinase A Inhibition of Calcium-activated Potassium Channels -- Shipston et al. 271 (16): ... The early inhibition of stimulated ACTH release in AtT20 corticotropes is antagonized by membrane depolarization(13, 15), calcium channel activator drugs(11, 16), and potassium channel blockers(15, 16), collectively suggesting that the actions of glucocorticoids may involve potassium channels. In endocrine cells and neurons large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels have been proposed as important negative feedback regulators of voltage-dependent calcium influx(18). This report describes a correlated study of the regulation of BK channels and ACTH release by CRF and glucocorticoids in the mouse anterior pituitary corticotrope cell line AtT20. www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/16/9197   (4378 words)

Nur77, a member of the steroid receptor superfamily, antagonizes negative feedback of ACTH synthesis and secretion by ... Nur77, a member of the steroid receptor superfamily, antagonizes negative feedback of ACTH synthesis and secretion by glucocorticoid in pituitary corticotrope cells -- Okabe et al. Nur77 is a member of the steroid receptor superfamily and is known to be expressed in animals under stress. We studied the role of nur77 in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during the stress response using a murine pituitary corticotrope cell line, AtT-20. joe.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/abstract/156/1/169   (458 words)

Mouse knockout solves endocrine puzzle and promotes new pituitary lineage model -- Keegan and Camper 17 (6): 677 -- ... Previous studies by Drouin and colleagues focused on pituitary corticotropes, the pituitary cells that coordinate the stress The pursuit of genes critical for the corticotrope lineage and POMC transcription next led to the demonstration of synergistic The complexity of pituitary cell differentiation is difficult to capture in a linear model depicting binary choices. www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/17/6/677   (3883 words)

Ion channel Literature - Inhibitory role for calcineurin in stimulus-secretion coupling revealed by FK506 and ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Inhibitory role for calcineurin in stimulus-secretion coupling revealed by FK506 and cyclosporin A in pituitary corticotrope tumor cells. Department of Pharmacology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K. The properties of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin and its potential role in stimulus-secretion coupling were examined in AtT20 mouse pituitary corticotrope tumor cells. Protein phosphatase activity was assayed by measuring the liberation of 32P from 32P-casein, adrenocorticotropin secretion was measured by radioimmunoassay. www.ionchannels.org /showabstract.php?pmid=7687429   (389 words)

Systemic Pathology: Test #3 This can be caused by (1) Pituitary Corticotrope Adenoma, or (2) Ectopic production of ACTH by another tumor, such as carcinoid tumor or small-cell carcinoma of the lung. They occur in non-tumorous corticotrope cells, but they may also occur in the corticotrope adenoma itself. This could be due to insufficient functional release of LH, or loss of the normal pulsatile pattern of LH secretion needed for gonadal development. rad.usuhs.mil /rad/PhDx/syspath3.htm   (10879 words)

Biomolecular Chemistry 704   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) You reasonably suspect that these individuals are suffering from either: 1) a hypersecreting anterior pituitary (corticotrope) tumor that is nonresponsive to feedback control, 2) a hypersecreting adrenal cortical tumor that is nonresponsive to hormonal control, or c) an adrenal cortical steroid hydroxylase deficiency (21-, 11 D. Also from the information provided in part A, you deduce that patient II suffers from a corticotrope tumor. In the case of a corticotrope tumor, there is excessive ACTH production. www.bmolchem.wisc.edu /teachinglab/fall704/module5/pjbmod5a8-13_04.htm   (2402 words)

CENTIGRAY.COM - Resources for the Radiation Oncology Professional   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) This cohort comprised 13 patients with somatotrope adenomas, four with corticotrope adenomas, one with a lactotrope adenoma, and three with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (median follow-up: 33 months, range: 3-72 months). Tumor growth was controlled in two of three nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, and three of four corticotrope adenomas. Notably there have been no visual sequelae or further loss of anterior pituitary function in this heavily pretreated group. www.centigray.com /pituitary.htm   (4105 words)

Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch Under Lynette Nieman, the Section on Reproductive Medicine demonstrated marked comorbidity of endometriosis, autoimmune disorders, and fibromyalgia. plasma cortisol or salivary cortisol is an excellent diagnostic test to distinguish Cushing’s syndrome from pseudo-Cushing states and demonstrated the utility of SPGR MRI for the identification of corticotrope tumors and of etomidate and octreotide for the treatment of Cushing’s syndrome. Led by Karel Pacak, the Unit on Clinical Neuroendocrinology found that plasma-free metanephrine levels are the best biochemical test for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, either alone or in combination with the clonidine suppression test. eclipse.nichd.nih.gov /nichd/annualreport/2004/preb/preb.htm   (394 words)

Induction of Integral Membrane PAM Expression in AtT-20 Cells Alters the Storage and Trafficking of POMC and PC1 -- ... Metallothionein-I promoter-directed expression of foreign proteins in a mouse pituitary corticotrope tumor cell line. Secretion and regulation of two biosynthetic enzyme activities by mouse corticotropic tumor cells. Intracellular misrouting and abnormal secretion of adrenocorticotropin and growth hormone in cpefat mice associated with a carboxypeptidase E mutation. www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/144/3/459   (7760 words)

Interactive Fly, Drosophila In the adult rat, expression of P-CIP10 is most prevalent in the brain. Corticotrope tumor cells stably expressing P-CIP10 and PAM produce longer and more highly branched neuritic processes than nontransfected cells or cells expressing only PAM. The turnover of newly synthesized PAM is accelerated in cells co-expressing P-CIP10. www.sdbonline.org /fly/cytoskel/trio2.htm   (3921 words)

Differences in the Ways Sympathetic Neurons and Endocrine Cells Process, Store, and Secrete Exogenous Neuropeptides and ... -amidating monooxygenase and a carboxypeptidase, by mouse pituitary corticotropic tumor cells. Rodriguez de Turco EB, Deretic D, Bazan NG, Papermaster DS (1997) Post-Golgi vesicles cotransport docosahexaenoyl-phospholipids and rhodopsin during frog photoreceptor membrane biogenesis. Schnabel E, Mains RE, Farquhar MG (1989) Proteolytic processing of pro-ACTH/endorphin begins in the Golgi complex of pituitary corticotropes and AtT-20 cells. www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/19/19/8300   (7337 words)

ACTH responses to CRF and AVP in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes -- Keller-Wood 274 (6): 1762 -- AJP - Regulatory, ... (15, 16, 41), suggesting that the corticotrope response be related to changes in corticotrope sensitivity to CRF and/or is possible that changes in relative corticotrope responses to ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/274/6/R1762   (4274 words)

Cell-Specific Pituitary Gene Expression Profiles after Treatment with Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Reveal Novel ... to genes known to respond to LIF in corticotrope cells [e.g. toward the corticotrope and ciliated epithelial cell lineages. Differential effects of LIF on corticotrope and somatolactotrope cells in vitro endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/145/2/867   (7673 words)

Dell (1973) Neuroendocrinologie de l'axe corticotrope: Brain-adrenal interactions : colloque international Dell (1973) Neuroendocrinologie de l'axe corticotrope: Brain-adrenal interactions : colloque international Neuroendocrinologie de l'axe corticotrope: Brain-adrenal interactions : colloque international There are no citations on file at this time. www.getcited.org /?PUB=101647784&showStat=Citations   (29 words)

Spoiled Gradient Recalled Acquisition in the Steady State Technique Is Superior to Conventional Postcontrast Spin Echo ... Because of the small size of corticotrope adenomas, conventional SE MRI has not been a useful diagnostic modality, with false complementary to SPGR for the diagnosis of corticotrope tumors jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/88/4/1565   (3020 words)

Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in neoplastic pituitary cells: evidence for a role in corticotropinoma ... plays a significant role in corticotrope tumorigenesis and that EGFr may have a role in the unbalanced growth of corticotrope This article has been cited by other articles: joe.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/abstract/183/2/385   (383 words)

Stereotactic Radiosurgery XVI: A Treatment for Previously Irradiated Pituitary Adenomas -- Swords et al. 88 (11): 5334 ... with corticotrope adenomas, one with a lactotrope adenoma, and In the decade from 1989–1999, we have delivered SMART to 21 patients with somatotrope, corticotrope, lactotrope, and jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/88/11/5334   (4258 words)

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