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Topic: Cosmic censorship hypothesis

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	Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis
		Also known as the Naked Singularity - In 1969 Roger Penrose, who along with Stephen Hawking formulated the Singularity Theorems describing fl holes, offered the Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis as a means to preserve causality in a universe containing fl holes.
		A Singularity would be "naked" if it is not isolated from the rest of the universe by a Cauchy horizon, an event horizon at the Schwarzchild radius, or both.
		The Big Bang singularity is postulated to have been naked, and naked singularities might exist in universes that are colossal fl holes being observed from the inside.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Cosmic_Censorship_Hypothesis (182 words)

	Cosmic censorship hypothesis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Failure of the cosmic censorship hypothesis leads to the failure of determinism, because it is impossible to predict the behavior of space-time in the causal future of a naked singularity.
		The hypothesis was first formulated by Roger Penrose in 1969, and it is not stated in a completely formal way.
		While the weak cosmic censorship hypothesis asserts that any observer who has observed a singularity is destined to fall into it, it does not give a timeframe for this to happen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cosmic_censorship_hypothesis (738 words)

	Asymptotic darkness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		She writes "Let us now consider\nthe possibility that this decay violates cosmic censorship." Finally she\nonly says that it is difficult to argue that the violation does not occur\nwhich is different than the statement that it is easy to prove that the\nviolation does occur.
		She writes "Let us now consider\nandgt; the possibility that this decay violates cosmic censorship." Finally she\nandgt; only says that it is difficult to argue that the violation does not occur\nandgt; which is different than the statement that it is easy to prove that the\nandgt; violation does occur.
		censorship hypothesis is upheld in the context of
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=29499 (4679 words)

	UFOs in Ancient Times
		Both cultures may have been contacted by emissaries from another world, a highly advanced extraterrestrial reptilian species that has been observing the evolution of Earth for millions of years and has returned in the "Grays," the UFOnauts of modern times, who are described by contactees and abductees as reptilian in appearance.
		If, as those researchers who champion the ancient astronaut hypothesis believe, extraterrestrials constructed so many of the architectural wonders of the ancient world and may even have guided the evolutionary path of humankind, the great question remains whether the "gods" of old have returned in their chariots as our benefactors or our owners.
		In Zachariah 6:1–7, four cosmic pilots are dispatched in as many chariots (spacecraft), which come out from between two mountains.
	www.unexplainedstuff.com /Invaders-from-Outer-Space/UFOs-in-Ancient-Times.html (2335 words)

	Research
		The Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis (CCH) was formulated by Roger Penrose in 1969 as a 'boundary condition' for general relativity which disqualifies the singularities which inevitably form in gravitational collapse from taking any further part in the evolution of the space-time model of the universe.
		Violation of the CCH leads to such unlikely scenarios as the availability of infinite amounts of energy from finite sources and the fundamental inability of physical theory to predict the evolution of the universe.
		The starting point of a refutation of the hypothesis is to show that singularities arising in the gravitational collapse of compact objects may be visible to observers (i.e.
	www.dcu.ie /~nolanb/research.htm (1135 words)

	Research
		My research is in general relativity and I am interested in questions about spacetime singularities and cosmic censorship.
		The cosmic censorship conjecture was proposed by Roger Penrose in the sixties and the hypothesis is that spacetime singularities are always hidden within fl holes and cannot be seen (i.e.
		A global existence theorem is the first step towards an understanding of cosmic censorship.
	www.math.chalmers.se /~hand/research.htm (389 words)

	Black Holes K-12 Thought Experiments for Lesson Plans & Science Fair Projects
		The question may be largely academic, as the cosmic censorship hypothesis asserts that there are no naked singularities in general relativity.
		This hypothesis is that every singularity is hidden behind an event horizon and cannot be probed.
		However, whether this hypothesis is true or not remains controversial and an active area of theoretical research.
	www.juliantrubin.com /encyclopedia/astronomy/blackhole.html (5653 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Comment is free \| Don't let truth stand in the way of a red-hot debunking of climate change
		So Friis-Christensen and another author developed yet another means of demonstrating that the sun is responsible, claiming to have discovered a remarkable agreement between cosmic radiation influenced by the sun and global cloud cover.
		Accompanying the paper was a press release which went way beyond the findings reported in the paper, claiming it showed that both past and current climate events are the result of cosmic rays.
		As Dr Gavin Schmidt of Nasa has shown on www.realclimate.org, five missing steps would have to be taken to justify the wild claims in the press release.
	www.guardian.co.uk /commentisfree/story/0,,2032575,00.html (1130 words)

	NASSP : Colloquium Series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		We study processes that govern the transport of cosmic rays, the structure of the heliospheric magnetic field and various other aspects of importance to modulation, all of which are then included in numerical models.
		This has led to the cosmic censorship hypothesis, which states that the final state should be a fl hole, covered by an event horizon, and not visible to distant observers.
		Despite much progress, there is still no proof of the hypothesis, and this remains one of the outstanding problems of classical general relativity theory.
	www.star.ac.za /colloquim1.php (787 words)

	Naked singularity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Cosmic censorship hypothesis.
		The theoretical existence of naked singularities is important because their existence would mean that it would be possible to observe the collapse of an object to infinite density.
		Computer simulations of the collapse of a disk of dust have indicated that these objects can exist, and thus the cosmic censorship hypothesis (stating that singularities are always hidden) does not hold.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Naked_singularity (567 words)

	The Big Bang
		The consequence of this was the hypothesis that the universe must have begun as a single dense core of matter.
		The strong version of the cosmic censorship hypothesis states that in a realistic solution, the singularities would always lie either entirely in the future (like the singularities of gravitational collapse) or entirely in the past (like the big bang).
		It is greatly to be hoped that some version of the censorship hypothesis holds because close to naked singularities it may be possible to travel into the past.
	www.marxist.com /science/bigbang.html (20168 words)

	Cosmic censorship hypothesis - Forums powered by UBBThreads™
		The hypothesis by Penrose (1969) implies the breakdown of universal laws, relativity, thermodynamics etc. expected at the singularity, is allowable since the event horizon shields the rest of the universe from observing the pervasive breakdown and contradictions of the universal laws that allegedly occurs beyond the horizon...
		It also slightly, at least from what I found, touches on the possibility that the Big Bang was the result of a Naked Singularity and we are observing it from the inside...
		"A hypothesis arising from the mathematics of fl holes that asserts that it is impossible for the Universe to contain naked singularities.
	uplink.space.com /showflat.php?Board=phenomena&Number=768542 (929 words)

	DIANA
		Here we intend to further pursue this line of research with the aim of developing a global theory of generalized symmetries of partial differential equations and of group invariant generalized functions extending the purely distributional aproach.
		The overall aim of this branch of the project is to establish conditions which allow for a unique solution of the Einstein equations in the presence of weak singularities thereby deepening the understanding of the ''real'' physical and mathematical issues in the context of the cosmic censorship hypothesis (CCH).
		Building upon this work and the methods which currently are developed in the course of the relativity branch of Project-P16742 ''Geometric Theory of Generalized Functions'' (mainly higher order energy estimates) we are going to investigate the issues of local existence and uniqueness of solutions to Einstein's equations in the presence of such ''weak'' singularities (e.g.
	www.mat.univie.ac.at /~diana/start_description.php (964 words)

	Basic Reading
		In Christian ideology, all the former pagan sun-gods who suffer and die a Christ-like death, only to be resurrected, are amalgamated into the figure of Jesus Christ, who is then presented as the sole and legitimate example of the cosmic savior.
		Gaia: The Practical Science of Planetary Medicine by James Lovelock, co-author of the Gaia Hypothesis, proposing that the earth is a dynamic entity able to control its own life processes.
		The Gaia Hypothesis reintroduces in rigorous scientific language the belief common to indigenous peoples and some esoteric traditions, such as alchemy: namely, that the earth is a living intelligence.
	www.metahistory.org /reading_home.php (2087 words)

	[No title]
		] The hypothesis that a system which evolves according to the equations of general relativity from an initial state that does not have singularities or any unusual properties will not develop any space-time singularities that would be visible from large distances.
		Also known as cosmic background radiation; cosmic microwave background; microwave background.
		Also known as cosmic radiation; primary cosmic rays.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/C/C53/DictC53.html (1584 words)

	[No title]
		Indeed, Crane calls his hypothesis the "meduso-anthropic hypothesis," after certain jellyfish with a two-stage life cycle in which medusids produce polyps and vice versa.
		This has the charm of completely destroying the usual approach (dare I say "paradigm"?) of physics in which the parameters of the universe are regarded as indifferent to the existence of intelligence.
		Of course, the anthropic hypothesis is a previous attempt to breach this firewall, but a much less dramatic one, since the only role intelligence plays in that is noticing the laws of the universe.
	www.aleph.se /Trans/Global/Omega/baby.txt (1518 words)

	Open Questions in Physics
		The resulting "cosmic microwave background power spectrum" shows peaks and troughs whose precise features should be sensitive to many details of the very early history of the Universe.
		Cosmic rays are high-energy particles, mainly protons and alpha particles, which come from outer space and hit the Earth's atmosphere producing a shower of other particles.
		Proving the Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis is a matter of mathematical physics rather than physics per se, but doing so would increase our understanding of general relativity.
	math.ucr.edu /home/baez/physics/General/open_questions.html (7294 words)

	Negative Energy, Wormholes and Warp Drive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		For this reason, Roger Penrose of Oxford proposed the cosmic censorship hypothesis: there can be no naked singularities, which are unshielded by event horizons.
		The best chance to observe cosmic flashing would be to maximize the time separation between the negative and positive energy, allowing the naked singularity to last as long as possible.
		The view of the naked singularity would thus be blurred, so a distant observer could not unambiguously verify that cosmic censorship had been violated.
	www.physics.hku.hk /~tboyce/sf/topics/wormhole/wormhole.html (4501 words)

	Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Potsdam - Proof of the Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis in a Key Special ...
		Proof of the Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis in a Key Special Case
		This led Penrose to make the cosmic censorship hypothesis, which says that this kind of disaster cannot happen in general relativity.
		Now Hans Ringström from AEI has proved the cosmic censorship hypothesis for this class of spacetimes.
	www.aei.mpg.de /english/research/highlights/01_geomAnalysisGrav/index.html (194 words)

	Lenguaje de consulta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Gravitational Collapse and Cosmic Censorship, by Robert M. Wald (Physics, University of Chicago) offers a review of the theoretical status of the weak cosmic censorship hypothesis.
		Caution!: Straumann inexplicably fails to mention the fact that the approach he is discussing only yields a "local mimic" of gtr; unless one carries the "geometrization" one step further by interpreting the quantum fields as existing on one of many coordinate charts, one excludes all the solutions to the EFE which have nontrivial topology.
		Cosmic Inflation, by Andreas Albrecht (Physics, UC Davis), offers a timely and well organized graduate level review of the current status of inflationary models in cosmology.
	www.fisicarecreativa.com /sitios_vinculos/ciencia/astronimia.htm (4165 words)

	anti-particles -where and how- is there an anti-you - SciForums.com
		This remarkable fact led Roger Penrose to propose the cosmic censorship hypothesis, which might be paraphrased as “God abhors a naked singularity.” In other words, the singularities produced by gravitational collapse occur only in places, like fl holes, where they are decently hidden from outside view by an event horizon.
		Strictly, this is what is known as the weak cosmic censorship hypothesis: it protects observers who remain outside the fl hole from the consequences of the breakdown of predictability that occurs at the singularity, but it does nothing at all for the poor unfortunate astronaut who falls into the hole.
		I strongly believe in cosmic censorship so I bet Kip Thorne and John Preskill of Cal Tech that it would always hold.
	www.sciforums.com /showthread.php?t=8115 (1969 words)

	Spherically symmetric singularities and strong cosmic censorship (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		We calculate the asymptotic behaviour of the energy-stress tensor near the singularity, and show that it is possible to satisfy the dominant energy condition, even when the singularity is locally naked.
		This seems to contradict the strong cosmic censorship hypothesis.
		However, it is shown that if the singularity is not a shell cross, then the energy-stress tensor is asymptotically extreme ($P_r
	www.physics.adelaide.edu.au /mathphysics/abstracts/ps-1.html (109 words)

	Demystifying Einstein’s Field Equations
		This is referred to as weak cosmic censorship.
		With the formulation of naked singularities, weak cosmic censorship is violated.
		Hence Penrose came up with the strong cosmic censorship hypothesis, which says, one cannot observe singularity at all!!!
	www.hitxp.com /phy/rel/gr/210906.htm (2858 words)

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