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	Kaucasian Knot : Encyclopedia
		Cossack settlements stretched for 800 km along the Don and its tributaries (the Seversky Donets, Medveditsa, Khoper (Khopyor), Buzuluk, and Zherebets rivers) by the late XVI cent.
		The host consisted of squadrons of 100 and 50 Cossacks ("sotnias" and "half-sotnias") headed respectively by sotniks (1st lieutenants), pyatidesyatniks (2nd lieutenants), and khorunzhies (ensigns).
		The Russian government used the Don Cossack Host to protect the southern borders from the late XVI and as an armed force in wars with Turkey and Poland from the XVII cent.
	eng.kavkaz.memo.ru /encyclopediatext/engencyclopedia/id/587627.html (0 words)

	Kuban Cossack Host
		Cossacks had originally enjoyed considerable autonomy and were permitted to retain Zaporozhian traditions and practices, these rights were increasingly restricted in the early 19th century.
		In 1914 the host comprised 37 cavalry regiments, 22
		Cossacks to neglect their farms, however, and the constant redistribution retarded the development of modern agricultural practices.
	www.encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/K/U/KubanCossackHost.htm (0 words)

	Kaucasian Knot : Encyclopedia
		Quartered in the Kuban region, the Kuban Cossack Host was used by the czar to protect Russia's southern borders.
		Part of the Cossacks in pre-revolutionary Russia, quartered in the Kuban region/oblast (the present-day Krasnodar territory and part of the Stavropol territory) with the center in Ekaterinodar (present-day Krasnodar).
		The Kuban Cossack Host consisted of two principal parts: the so-called "line Cossacks," mostly descendants of the Don Cossacks resettled to the Kuban area in the late XVIII cent.
	eng.kavkaz-uzel.ru /encyclopediatext/engencyclopedia/id/587628.html (0 words)

	Wikipedia search result
		Cossacks first became widely known in western Europe in the mid-17th century as a result of the great revolt of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and the Zaporozhians against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in what is now Ukraine, which shook the geopolitical foundations of eastern Europe.
		Cossacks for their part were mostly happy to plunder everybody more or less equally, although in the 16th century, with the dominance of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth extending south, the Zaporozhian Cossacks were mostly, if tentatively, regarded by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as their subjects.
		Cossack ambitions to be recognised as equal to the szlachta were constantly rebuffed, and plans for transforming the Polish-Lithuanian Two-Nations Commonwealth into Three Nations (with the Ruthenian Cossack people) made little progress due to the Cossacks' unpopularity.
	feedbus.com /wikis/wikipedia.php?title=Cossack (5234 words)

	A Cossack revival in Russia
		And although a minority of the Don Region's population is technically Cossack, Kozitsyn says, affection for the swashbuckling, leather-booted, horse-riding warrior caste is on the rise nationwide.
		Cossacks are first mentioned in the 15th century as freedom-loving ex-serfs, Tatars and descendants of Scythian warriors living on the open plains of southern Ukraine and Russia's Don River basin.
		The Don Cossacks had their own independent republic for most of the 17th century, and in 1835 reached an agreement with the Russian czar, according to which they would provide him with highly trained soldiers in return for land and special privileges.
	www.jewishaz.com /jewishnews/041001/cossack.shtml (906 words)

	Cossacks
		Cossacks (horodovi kozaky), was formed for the defense of the towns.
		Sich on Turkish territory (1775–1828); the Cossacks in the
		Host was the only formation of Ukrainian Cossacks that still existed in 1917 and had partial and very limited autonomy.
	encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/C/O/Cossacks.htm (1917 words)

	Republic of Kalmykia \| Cossacks
		Cossack community formed in the steppe part of Russia and was initially characterized by the traditions of self-government ascending to the military democracy.
		The Soviets have juridically abolished the status of Cossacks as special class by one of its first decrees "On abolishing of the classes and civil ranks" dated November 10, 1917 and in the consequent five years the Cossack forces ceased their existence.
		The Cossack Union was reorganized into the All Russian Cossack Organization that restored practically all the traditional Cossack military associations and unions in regions where Cossacks did not live before and where they got after the deportations, evictions or intrinsic migration.
	kalm.ru /en/cossacks.html (0 words)

	Foreign Military Studies Office Publications - The Cossack Brotherhood Reborn: A Political/military Force in a Realm of ...
		Cossack military colonies were moved to the very edges of the Empire and loyalty to the throne was assured through a system of watchful army officers and governors empowered to use any means to prevent further Cossack uprisings.
		Cossack forces and their families were ordered to the far-flung frontiers of the expanding Russian Empire as military colonists, where they served as border guards and the first line of defense.
		Cossacks in Chita (Eastern Siberia) gave a vote of no confidence to their ataman and his aides because of the ataman's use of public flogging, creation of his own intelligence service, creation of morality patrols, and maintaining files on all the members of the Cossack community.
	fmso.leavenworth.army.mil /documents/cossack/cossack.htm (6398 words)

	Cossack at AllExperts
		Cossacks became first widely known in western Europe in the mid-seventeenth century as a result of the great revolt ([1], [2], [3], [4]) of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and the Zaporozhians in Ukraine against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which shook the geopolitical foundations of eastern Europe.
		Cossacks for their part were mostly happy to plunder everybody more or less equally, although in the sixteenth century, with the dominance of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth extending south, the Zaporozhian Cossacks were mostly, if tentatively, regarded by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as their subjects.
		Cossack ambitions to be recognized as equal to the szlachta were constantly rebuffed, and plans for transforming the Two-Nations Commonwealth (Polish-Lithuanian) into Three Nations (with the Ruthenian Cossack people) made little progress due to their lack of popularity within the Commonwealth.
	en.allexperts.com /e/c/co/cossack.htm (4974 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Ussuri Cossacks
		Ussuri Cossack Host (Russian: Уссури́йское каза́чье во́йско) was a Cossack Host in Imperial Russia, located in Primorye south of Khabarovsk along the Ussuri River, the Sungari River, and around the Khanka Lake.
		The Ussuri Cossack Host was created in 1889 on the basis of an unmounted half-battalion of the Amur Cossack Host and later reinforced with settlers from the Don Cossack Host, Kuban Cossack Host, and other Cossack hosts.
		Its nakazny ataman (who was also the military governor of the region) subordinated to the Governor General of the Amur region, who, in turn, was the nakazny ataman of the Amur and the Ussuri Cossack Hosts.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Ussuri_Cossack_Host (408 words)

	The author of the project of Cossacks 15-21 cent.
		Cossacks of Southern Ukraine in the first half of XIX century: the Azov Cossack Host.
		The Azov Cossack Host in 1828-1866 // Cossacks of Southern Ukraine in late XVIII - XIX cent.
		Azov Cossacks - the last Ukrainian reinforcement of the Kuban Cossack Host (on the archives materials) // The results of 2002 folklore and ethnographic research of the Northern Caucasus ethnic cultures.
	www.cossackdom.com /avtore.html (0 words)

	Orenburg Cossack Host P.I. Avdeev Polozov Ural
		Lower ranks serving in the host who showed or would in the future show their noble origins were given the choice of remaining in the host or leaving it, and as long as they were on service they were to be treated in accordance with the general laws concerning nobility.
		With the presentation to the host of such a territorial arrangement, in accordance with the veiws of the War Ministry Council the host was removed from the control of civil authorities and received separate administrations: military, administrative, and judicial.
		The host was also required to perform the local tasks associated with settlements, carrying them out in the host lands independently of the other social classes in the province and not participating with them in the assessment of local taxes, either for the maintenance of the various organs of provincial administration or for other purposes.
	home.comcast.net /~juneblum/OREN.html (0 words)

	The Cossack Uprising Jacek Wypych
		To this end, in the fall of 1647, Chmielnicki stole from another Cossack officer letters from the Polish King Wladyslaw IV in which the monarch seemed to support the idea of a Cossack Host that was more or less independent of Polish nobility.
		When the Cossacks heard of this alliance, they elected Chmielnicki to be Hetman and plans were secretly drawn for the war to start in the spring of 1648.
		Cossack institutions sprung up in their place, and Cossack rule was established.
	econc10.bu.edu /economic_systems/NatIdentity/FSU/Ukraine/cossack_uprising.htm (1329 words)

	WHKMLA : History of the Cossacks in the 16th Century
		The administrative center of a Cossack host was the SICH, a fortified "city" where only men were allowed in, and in which the all-powerful RADA (assembly) was held.
		The Cossack host was lead by the ATAMAN or HETMAN, who was elected and could be voted out of office any time; but he had absolute command in war.
		The Zaporozhe Cossacks formed a shield protecting Poland from such raids, but the Cossacks proved to be an entity of their own - allying themselves to Poland, Russia, the Ottoman Empire, according to the situation; and Cossacks as allies were kind of unpredictable.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/russia/cossacks16th.html (483 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Astrakhan Cossacks
		Astrakhan Cossack Host (Астраханское казачье войско in Russian) was a Cossack host of Imperial Russia drawn from the Cossacks of the Lower Volga region, who had been patrolling the banks of the Volga River from the time of Russia's annexation of Astrakhan in 1556.
		In 1737, the Russian government relocated a number of the Volga Cossacks to Astrakhan and formed a Cossack unit of 3 sotnyas, or 300 men, for escorting couriers and correspondence and for guard duty, which would be re-organized into the Astrakhan regiment (5 sotnyas, or 500 men) on March 28, 1750.
		The Astrakhan Cossack Host possessed 4 stanitsas next to Tsaritsyn, Saratov, Cherniy Yar and Krasniy Yar, 16 yurt stanitsas, 57 khutors (farms), and 808,000 desyatinas of land.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Astrakhan_Cossack_Host (510 words)

	Baikal Cossacks
		The Transbaikal Cossack Host partially consisted of Siberian Cossaks, Buryats, Evenkian (Tungus) military units and Peasant population of some of the regions.
		The Transbaikal Cossack Army is known to have participated in the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion in 1899-1901, Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, and World War I.
		In 1920, by the end of the Russian Civil War, the Transbaikal Cossack Host was disbanded.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/ba/Baikal%20Cossacks.htm (271 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Amur Cossacks
		Then, the Amur Cossack army subordinated to the Governor-General of the Amur region and commander of the armies of the military district of the Amur region (the latter was also the ataman of the Amur and Ussuri Cossack Hosts).
		In times of peace, the Amur Cossack Host supplied 1 cavalry regiment (4 sotnyas) and 1 platoon of guards, in times of war - 2 cavalry regiments, 1 platoon of guards, 5 special and 1 reserve sotnyas and 1 battalion (the total of 3,600 men).
		The Amur Cossack Host took part in the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion in China, Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 and World War I.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Amur_Cossack_Host (440 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Orenburg Cossacks
		The Orenburg Cossack Host (Оренбургское казачье войско in Russian), a part of the Cossack population in pre-revolutionary Russia, located in the Orenburg province (todays' Orenburg Oblast, part of the Chelyabinsk Oblast and Bashkortostan).
		In 1798, all of the Cossack settlements in the Southern Urals were incorporated into the Orenburg Cossack Host (except for the Ural Cossacks).
		A decree of 1840 established the borders of the Host and its composition (10 cavalry regiments and 3 artillery battalions).
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Orenburg_Cossack_Host (540 words)

	thepontoon WEB SITE HOST
		A Cossack host or Cossack voisko ÐÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÑÐµ Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾, kazachye voysko, sometimes incorrectly translated as Cossack Army was an administrative subdivision of Cossacks in Imperial Russia.
		Cossack voiskos on Russian soil were disbanded in 1920, at the end of the Russian Civil War.
		In the Russian Empire, the Cossacks constituted eleven separate hosts, settled along the frontiers: the Don Cossack Host, Kuban Cossack Host, Terek Cossack Host, Astrakhan Cossack Host, Ural Cossack Host, Orenburg Cossack Host, Siberian Cossack Host, Semiryechye Cossack Host, Transbaikal Cossack Host, Amur Cossack Host, and Ussuri Cossack Host.
	www.thepontoon.org.uk /features/womensWallingford.htm (0 words)

	Cossacks in Central Asia, nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
		Against this duty the Cossacks paid no taxes and enjoyed a large measure of autonomy in the management of their communal affairs; and every mounted man was granted 200 hectares of land.
		The whole of the Cossack structure in Russia was divided into separate 'cossack hosts', named after the regions they inhabited.
		Behind the bivouac was the Cossack horse-line; behind the horses, was the center of the barricade housing the staff, the artillery park, the engineer and hospital trains, the sutlers, and finally (if there was enough room) the drivers with their horses and camels in a separate square.
	www.iras.ucalgary.ca /~volk/sylvia/Cossacks.htm (1901 words)

	Russian Touring, Russian Travel, Russian Women
		The total Cossack population in 1893 was 2,648,049 (1,331,470 women), and they owned nearly 146,500,000 acres of land, of which 105,000,000 acres were arable and 9,400,000 under forests.
		In time of war the ten Cossack voiskos are bound to supply 890 mounted sotnias or squadrons (of 125 men each), 108 infantry sotnias or companies (same number), and 236 guns, representing 4267 officers and 177,100 men, with 170,695 horses.
		Several Cossack regions were recognized by the Tsars; these were abolished by the Bolsheviks and the Cossack populations dispersed.
	www.cossackconnection.com /cossack.htm (834 words)

	CNN.com - Transcripts
		Well, we've invited some radio talkshow host from across the country to share what their listeners are saying about living under the specter of war, terror and fear.
		STEVE MALZBERG, WABC TALKSHOW HOST: I think, well it's naturally the suspicion is aroused anytime you hear of anything, such as the bus attack, the box cutter was used, it was a man of a foreign origin with a foreign passport, who was, it turned out, here illegally.
		COSSACK: You know, we have been told time and time ago by our administration that this is going to be a different kind of battle for us, that there may not these kinds of decisive battles that your talking about.
	transcripts.cnn.com /TRANSCRIPTS/0110/05/tl.00.html (5056 words)

	Instruction Chief Artillery Don Cossack Host 1844 Horse-Artillery batteries regulations
		All the Don Host Artillery and everything attached to it is under the command of the Chief of Host Artillery.
		The Chief of Artillery of the Don Host is fully subordinate to the Master General of Ordnance in regard to matters of Artillery, and is directly under the Authority of the Government Ataman.
		The Senior Adjutant and Auditor are appointed by the Government Ataman of the Don Host (for the former) and the Auditors Department (for the latter).
	home.comcast.net /~markconrad/DonCossackArt1844.htm (0 words)

	The Jamestown Foundation
		The revival of the Cossacks, who were subjected to harsh repression by the Soviet authorities from the 1920s through the 1940s, began only at the end of the 1980s, when accusations that they had been involved in "anti-Soviet" and antigovernment activity were dropped.
		Representatives of the Union of Cossacks participated in the work of the Congress of the Civic and Patriotic Forces of Russia which took place in Moscow on February 8-9, 1992, and two of the organization's leaders became members of the Central Council of the Russian National Assembly which was formed at the congress.
		The Union of Cossacks did not officially support either side in the armed confrontation of October 1993, although there are unconfirmed reports that some members of the union participated in the defense of the Moscow White House.
	jamestown.org /publications_details.php?volume_id=4&issue_id=196&article_id=2316 (2525 words)

	WordPress › Blog Tool and Weblog Platform
		More simply, WordPress is what you use when you want to work with your blogging software, not fight it.
		To get started with WordPress, set it up on a web host for the most flexibility or get a free blog on WordPress.com.
		Our documentation can expand your mind, the support forum community can assist you when your blog's down, the nascent extend section has all the plugins and themes you could ever want, and finally the featured web host page can assist you in the search for better hosting.
	wordpress.org (0 words)

	BLUE SKIES: Ukrainian Canadian Pioneer Days
		Meanwhile, the exploits of the independent-minded Cossacks embarrassed and caused problems for the Polish king who was fearful of Turk and Tatar reprisals but in spite of his attempts, he could not control the unruly but powerful Cossacks.
		Over time, the Cossack leaders came to consider the Cossack Host answerable only to the king but the Cossacks as a whole saw themselves as free men subject only to their own elected officials with no responsibility other than to fight frontier enemies.
		However, although the Poles were happy to have the Cossacks fight for them in times of danger, during times of peace the Polish gentry whose serfs had gone over to the Cossacks attempted to have the Cossack Host brought under control.
	home.eol.ca /~nemmer/bluesky/cossack.html (1197 words)

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