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Hispid Cotton Rat (Sigmodon hispidus) Cotton rats are prolific and produce several litters of two to 10 young, averaging about five, a year. Cotton rats are subject to violent fluctuations in numbers. Normally, cotton rats occur in moderate to low populations in all parts of the state where ground cover is present. www.nsrl.ttu.edu /tmot1/sigmhisp.htm   (1060 words)

Rabbit control and Rabbit animal facts The cotton rat may be distinguished from the Norway rat by its smaller size, shorter tail, and longer grizzled fur. Evidence of cotton rat presence are stem and grass cuttings 2 or 3 inches (5 or 8 cm) in length piled at various locations along runways, which are 3 to 5 inches (8 to 13 cm) wide. Cotton rats are normally herbivores, eating the roots, stems, leaves, and seeds of a wide variety of plants. www.crittercontrol.com /?doc=resources_af_cottonrats   (710 words)

The Virtual Zoo: Rats   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29) Rat is the common name for any large member of a family of rodents, with dull-colored, coarse fur; long tails; large ears; and a pointed snout. The bush rats, which are 15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 in) in length, excluding the tail, are native to America and are found in wooded and desert areas throughout the United States. The eastern wood rat is classified as Neotoma floridana, the bushy-tailed wood rat as Neotoma cinerea, and the desert rat as Neotoma lepida. library.thinkquest.org /11922/mammals/rats.htm   (699 words)

BIRDS CAN BE IMPORTANT TO RATS   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29) Cotton rats are fat, brown balls of coarse fur that inhabit the southern tier of states and are considered an ideal meal by many predators. Cotton rats know that they are considered "good eating" and are highly cautious about venturing into open areas where they might be caught. Confirmation that the cotton rats were aware of the potential danger of feeding in the open was made on the very few occasions when a rat was present with no sparrows around. www.uga.edu /~srel/ecoview4-16-06.htm   (678 words)

AWIC Newsletter: The Cotton Rat In Biomedical Reserach Although the cotton rat is indigenous to the New World, its utility as a model for polio, typhus, and filariasis led to the establishment of breeding colonies in several European countries. Several subsequent papers have verified the utility of the cotton rat for the study of adenovirus pathogenesis, and have laid the groundwork for understanding the genetic basis of viral disease. Cotton rats have been subjected to a wide range of experimental and surgical protocols and have proven to be a remarkably adaptable animal. www.nal.usda.gov /awic/newsletters/v5n2/5n2princ.htm   (2140 words)

Everglades Virus Infection of Cotton Rats | CDC EID The ages of the field-collected rats were unknown, but their weights ranged from 50 g to 160 g, which represents the range of ages in natural populations of cotton rats because weight can be used to estimate life stage and age (27). Genetic distances among mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences of rats from Florida and Texas were obtained by using the Kimura 2-parameter model (34) and were used to construct a neighbor-joining tree (35) that reflected phylogenetic relationships (data not shown). Although encephalitis developed in cotton rats, their ability to clear virus from the brain and the relatively minor inflammatory response they mounted contrasts dramatically with EVEV or VEEV infection of mice (36) and warrants further study. www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol10no12/04-0442.htm   (3756 words)

BugInfo.com | Information on All Your Household Bugs and Pests Often Wood Rats will make their homes near our own structures, and it is common for Kissing Bugs to be associated with the rats and their nests, possibly leading to attacks on people as well. Rats eliminate an average of 20-50 droppings per day, along with an ounce of urine, onto whatever surface they are on when the urge hits. Rats eat a wide variety of foods, including flesh, and infants may be helpless to escape. www.buginfo.com /articles/rats.cfm   (1929 words)

Muridae: Mice & Rats The Arizona cotton rat is a thick-bodied rodent of medium length, with a thinly-furred tail and small ears and eyes. Cotton rats are usually seen in grassy areas near streams and ponds and around irrigated fields.The white-throated woodrat is found throughout most of Arizona and Sonora in a variety of habitats, especially in areas with mixed cacti. Cotton rats are active day or night and are often found in dense populations. www.desertmuseum.org /books/nhsd_muridae.html   (1148 words)

Rat species, strains, breeds and types Norway rats in laboratories may be inbred for many generations to produce strains, which consist of nearly identical individuals which may carry a particular physiological trait of interest. Pet rats are not divided into breeds like dogs or horses, but are loosely organized into varieties or types which are descriptive categories made up of related or unrelated animals possessing one or more physical traits of interest. Pet rats are quite variable in appearance -- they may have different colors and markings, their fur may be straight or wavy, they may have no fur at all, their ears may be low-set, they may have long or short or absent tails. www.ratbehavior.org /RatSpecies.htm   (1560 words)

Tall Timbers Research Station Hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) are a primary prey species for many of the predators also feeding on bobwhite quail, and cotton rats and bobwhite quail often thrive in similar habitats. Cotton rat populations follow a regular cycle, the length of which varies with time and location, in which the populations increase to almost plague-like levels in some years and then crash in subsequent years. During days when treatments were to be burned cotton rat locations were taken just prior to burning and immediately after to assess fire avoidance movements and the time it took to move to areas with sufficiently dense vegetative cover. www.talltimbers.org /research/gamebirdcotton.html   (1236 words)

Rats Rats are blamed for spreading the bubonic plague, which wiped out the large part of population of Europe in the 17th century. Many people think rats to be dirty, but the fact is that these creatures groom themselves constantly and wash their faces with water. Breeding and keeping of tame rats became popular in the 19th century and the rats that we have today are very different from their wild ancestors. www.rat-rodents.com   (344 words)

Rat Control: Trapping, Removal, and Prevention Rats are members of the rodent family and are usually larger than mice. Rats have poor vision and are color-blind, and they will often move their heads from side to side to add “motion” so they can see better. Rats will most commonly enter the attic, walls or crawlspace in the fall because there is a scarcity of seeds and plants outside. www.unitedwildlife.com /AnimalsRat.html   (2889 words)

Cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus, control and management Cotton rats are not protected in most states; some states classify them as nongame mammals. Fumigants are not very practical because cotton rats use their burrows and tunnels infrequently. The amount and extent of damage is directly related to the relative density of the cotton rat population. icwdm.org /handbook/rodents/CottonRat.asp   (995 words)

<Rats> Cotton rats are primarily agricultural pests which can cause considerable damage to crops. The most important species is the hispid cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus, which is of medical concern because it is the carrier of Black Creek Canal Virus which is a pathogenic hantavirus. Hispid cotton rats make surface runways along which may be found piles of cut grass. www.ag.auburn.edu /enpl/newschoolipm/Rats.php   (275 words)

Friends of Saguaro National Park - About Saguaro National Park: Hispid Cotton Rat   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29) Rice rats generally have longer tails and paler fur on tops of hindfeet. Cotton rats are active around the clock, but especially from dusk to dawn, often climbing about aboveground in vegetation. The Hispid Cotton Rat is one of the most prolific of mammals, breeding as early as six weeks of age. www.friendsofsaguaro.org /rat-hispidcotton.html   (305 words)

Effects of Spatial Structure on Movement Patterns of the Hispid Cotton Rat A large-scale experimental landscape study was conducted to examine the use of corridors and the forest matrix habitat by the hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus). Cotton rats (N=96) were simultaneously released into both an isolated and connected patch, and monitored by radiotelemetry for 10 days. We found that the forest matrix was not a barrier to movements of cotton rats. www.srs.fs.usda.gov /pubs/viewpub.jsp?index=1313   (625 words)

Cyclical Population Explosion of Cotton Rats Causes Concern   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29) The cotton rat, properly known as the hispid cotton rat, hasn't been seen in these numbers since the 1950s, Texas Cooperative Extension specialists said. While most people assume a rat is a rat and are concerned their homes and barns will be invaded, that's not the typical behavior of the cotton rat, he said. The rats may find their way into garages and other structures, but typically they are range dwellers. agnews.tamu.edu /dailynews/stories/WFSC/Oct2505a.htm   (694 words)

Avian versus mammalian predation on a population of cotton rats Avian versus mammalian predation on a population of cotton rats A population of cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) in a 1-acre field enclosure was completely protected from predation (April 1965-February 1966) by a cover of nylon net. Wiegert, R.G. Avian versus mammalian predation on a population of cotton rats. www.uga.edu /srel/Reprint/0361.htm   (150 words)

Harlan Packing Guidlines Female rats with litters are shipped in compartmentalized containers, with required gel packs; two per container. Cotton rats are shipped in filtered containers with gel packs and viewing windows. Female cotton rats are shipped in compartmentalized containers, with required gel packs; four per container. www.harlan.com /models/packing.asp   (156 words)

Difference between Rats and Mice As with rats, there are many species of rodents called mice which may or may not be closely related to each other: house mice, field mice, deer mice, smoky mice, spiny mice, and dormice are all called mice. Rat odor is stressful to mice and has an effect on their behavior and reproduction. In fact, rat odor is sometimes used as a predator odor to study anxiety and antipredator behavior in mice. www.ratbehavior.org /RatsMice.htm   (2080 words)

Veterinary Pathology Spontaneous Cardiomyopathy and Exophthalmos in Cotton Rats (Sigmodon hispidus) (pp. Hearts from 17 cotton rats that were found dead or were euthanatized because of exophthalmos or dyspnea and 33 control cotton rats were examined microscopically. Thrombi were present in one or both cardiac atria in nine of 50 (18%) hearts, and in at least one orbital venous sinus in 14 of 24 (58%) necropsied cotton rats and in 12 of 14 (86%) with exophthalmos. www.afip.org /acvp/Vet_Pathol/oldvetpathol/33-4.htm   (3048 words)

Age-Dependent Replication of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the Cotton Rat -- Curtis et al. 227 (9): 799 -- ... in the lung and nose of the cotton rat. The pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats. Pulmonary lesions in primary respiratory syncytial virus infection, reinfection, and vaccine-enhanced disease in the cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus). www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/227/9/799   (1874 words)

The Cotton Rat Provides a Novel Model To Study Genital Herpes Infection and To Evaluate Preventive Strategies -- Yim et ... Cotton rats are susceptible to genital HSV infection independent of progesterone therapy. Results are the number of cotton rats in each group (five rats per group) with clinically evident genital tract lesions at the indicated time p.i. Representation of one cotton rat infected with 10 jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/79/23/14632   (4197 words)

Cotton rat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A cotton rat is any member of the Sigmodon genus of rodents. They are called cotton rats because they build their nests out of cotton, and can damage cotton crops. Cotton rats have small ears and dark coats, and are found in North and South America. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cotton_rat   (115 words)

IngentaConnect Experimental Helicobacter pylori Infection Induces Antral-Predomi...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29) The hispid cotton rat has proven to be an excellent animal model for a variety of human infectious disease agents. This study was performed to evaluate the use of the cotton rat as a model of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter pylori was cultured from the glandular stomach of 89% of the infected cotton rats. www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/hel/2005/00000010/00000004/art00009   (388 words)

Measles virus-induced immunosuppression in cotton rats is associated with cell cycle retardation in uninfected ... Measles virus-induced immunosuppression in cotton rats is associated with cell cycle retardation in uninfected lymphocytes -- Niewiesk et al. Lymphocytes from CD46-transgenic rats, non-transgenic rats and cotton rats were added at various ratios to P815 cells expressing H and F. Supernatant was collected after 6 h and chromium release was measured. Lysis after coincubation of rat and cotton rat lymphocytes with P814 cells infected with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the reverse transcriptase of HIV did not exceed 5% (data not shown). vir.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/80/8/2023   (3992 words)

Spontaneous enterochromaffin-like cell carcinomas in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) are prevented by a somatostatin ... Among inbred female cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) 25-50% of the animals develop spontaneous gastric carcinomas; the corresponding figure for male cotton rats is approximately 1%. Carcinomas are found in all female cotton rats with hypergastrinaemia lasting more than 4 months and this represents an excellent animal model for studying gastric carcinogenesis. In this study, the somatostatin analogue octreotide was given to female cotton rats to prevent carcinoma development caused by hypergastrinaemia. erc.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/abstract/11/1/149   (268 words)

Pathogenesis of Human Metapneumovirus Lung Infection in BALB/c Mice and Cotton Rats -- Hamelin et al. 79 (14): 8894 -- ... Six mice (solid bars) and six cotton rats (hatched bars) were sacrificed on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 12, and 21 postinfection, and their lungs were removed. Lung histopathology of hMPV- and sham-infected mice and cotton rats. Pulmonary cytokine responses to hMPV infection in mice and cotton rats. jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/79/14/8894   (5039 words)

North American Mammals: Sigmodon fulviventer The tawny-bellied cotton rat is the largest of the Sigmodon species, and dominates other cotton rats where more than one species occurs. Like other cotton rats, and voles, the tawny-bellied cotton rat constructs grass-lined paths. Litters of 4 or 6 young are born in nests built from woven grasses. www.mnh2.si.edu /education/mna/image_info.cfm?species_id=308   (163 words)

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection Induces Cyclooxygenase 2: A Potential Target for RSV Therapy -- Richardson ... vivo, in the lungs of cotton rats infected with RSV. RSV induction of COX-2 protein expression in cotton rat peritoneal (A) and alveolar (B) macrophages. Both uninfected (–) cotton rats and cotton rats inoculated with uninfected tissue culture supernatant (MOCK) were used as controls. www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/174/7/4356   (6782 words)

Hispid Cotton Rat   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29) The hispid cotton rat is a relatively large rodent with a robust body and a thinly-haired short (for a rat) tail. Adults can be 5-9 inches long (including the head and body), and the tail is approximately 4 inches. The upperparts are yellowish-brown with stiff fl guard hairs, giving the rat a grizzled appearance. www.garden-city.org /zoo/animalinfo/Mammals/Hispid_Cotton_Rat.htm   (331 words)

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