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Topic: Coulometry

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	Coulometry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		'''Coulometry''' is the name given to a group of electroanalytical chemistry techniques that determine the amount of matter transformed during an electrolysis reaction by measuring the amount of electricity (in coulombs) consumed or produced.
		Potentiostatic coulometry involves keeping the electrochemical potential at the working electrode (the electrode involved in the reaction) constant, which results in an exponential decrease in current as the reaction proceeds.
		The cathode of a potentiostatic coulometry experiment is usually a platinum electrode with a large surface area or a mercury pool, although other particularly reactive electrodes can be used in rare circumstances.
	coulometry.clonewars.ipupdater.com (1874 words)

	Defintion of coulometry - Chemistry Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Coulometry is an analytical method for measuring an unknown concentration of an analyte in solution by completely converting the analyte from one oxidation state to another.
		Coulometry is an absolute measurement similar to gravimetry or titration and requires no chemical standards or calibration.
		Coulometry is therefore usually done with an intermediate reagent that quantitatively reacts with the analyte.
	www.bonus.com /contour/Chemicool/http@@/www.chemicool.com/definition/coulometry.html (275 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Applications of Analytical Chemistry to Oceanic Carbon Cycle Studies (1993)
		However, coulometry can also be applied in titrations at constant current, employing a reagent that is oxidized or reduced in the process.
		Coulometry may also be employed in titrations by coulometric generation of reagent.
		Coulometry may also be used for detection in liquid chromatography and flow injection analysis.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309049288/html/41.html (649 words)

	Cottrell equation
		The "electrochemical surface" of a polished platinum electrode is determined from a chrono coulometry operated on the electrochemical reduction of complexed ferric ions, in a phosphate buffer (pH7) solution.
		The integration of the Cottrell equation establishes that the slope of Q versus sqrt (t) is directly proportional to the electroactive surface.
		The electroactive surface is calculated and the rugosity, defined as the ratio between the electrochemical surface and the geometrical surface, is also determined, close to one.
	www.radiometer-analytical.com /voltalab/en_chrono_coulometry.asp (328 words)

	Pharmacy Times: Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose: The Role of the Pharmacist
		The charge generated represents the concentration of glucose in the blood sample, and a numerical value is displayed.(4,5)Amperometry and coulometry are the 2 types of biosensor (electrochemical) blood glucose testing methods.
		Coulometry is a relatively new technology in the realm of blood glucose monitoring.
		Coulometry converts all the glucose in a blood sample into an electrical current and is not affected by other medications or conditions the patient may have.
	www.pharmacytimes.com /article.cfm?ID=271 (1923 words)

	PrecisionCleaningWeb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Since coulometric detection of CO is an absolute measurement based on Faraday’s Law, the preparation of chemical standards for calibration is not required.
		This useful aspect of coulometry is important because the origin, amount, and type of surface carbon present on samples during cleanliness verification analysis may be unknown.
		Coulometry is an analytical technique that uses electricity as a means to electrochemically generate and measure the amount of titrant used in a titration.
	www.p2pays.org /ref/06/05827.htm (3169 words)

	Coulometeric Titrators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		In the constant-potential coulometry the electrode potential should be maintained constant using a potentiostat.
		In additional to general potentiostats used for various applications, special potentiostats for constant-potential coulometry (particularly, constant-potential coulometric titrations) have been designed.
		The fundamental requisite for this method, as with constant-potential coulometry, is that the electrode reaction proceeds with 100% current efficiency.
	chem.ch.huji.ac.il /~eugeniik/instruments/electrochemical/coulometric_titrators.htm (1229 words)

	DSCTest.com Catalog
		Now the thermal analysis and the coulometry have been combined in the WDS 400, enabling very powerful and remarkably accurate moisture analysis.
		The WDS 400 combines three reference methods — oven drying, coulometry (Karl-Fisher titration) and phosphorous pentoxide (the reference method for determining moisture in gas) into a highly accurate measurement technique.
		Yet the WDS 400 is also easy to operate without having to have special training and eliminates the need for working with detection reagents, many of which are toxic and expensive.
	www.dsctest.com /catalog_lrg.php?sku=321321 (289 words)

	name______________
		is to be determined indirectly by constant current coulometry.
		A sample containing aluminum was treated with excess quinoline, Q, to precipitate Al(Q) The precipitate was filtered, washed and dissolved in 50 ml of acid 0.20 F NaBr solution.
		While the method described in 2 required a method of detecting the end point, constant potential coulometry would not need end point detection.
	www.pitt.edu /~jchem/ch327/ex3_99.htm (466 words)

	coulometry - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "coulometry" is defined.
		coulometry : Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition [home, info]
		coulometry : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=coulometry (100 words)

	Gamry PHE200 - Cyclic Voltammetry and More
		Controlled Potential Coulometry is an electrochemical experiment in which an electroactive species is exhaustively oxidized or reduced while measuring and integrating the current.
		The total coulombs accumulated during the experiment allows the calculation of the number of electrons transferred in the electrochemical reaction or the concentration.
		Since Controlled Potential Coulometry is essentially a long-term chronocoulometry experiment, it utilizes the chronocoulometry analysis procedures for viewing and manipulating the data.
	www.gamry.com /Products/PHE200.htm (524 words)

	coulometry -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		"coulometry" Encyclopædia Britannica from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
		It differs from electrogravimetry, however, in that the total quantity of electricity (coulombs) required to cause the analyte to completely react is measured rather than the mass of the electrochemical reaction product.
		During amperometric assays the potential of the indicator electrode is adjusted to a value on the plateau of the voltammetric wave, as during controlled-potential electrogravimetry and coulometry (see above).
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9026557 (315 words)

	NIST Analytical Chemistry Division - NRC Post Doctoral Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Our goals are to (1) analyze gases emitted from process streams in real time, (2) measure extremely low level gases in ultra-pure materials, and (3) analyze trace gases that are important in ambient atmospheric measurements.
		The coulometry program involves a broad spectrum of research activities including improving the precision and accuracy of coulometric methods, determining chemical stoichiometry, redetermining physical constants (atomic weights, Faraday constant), and developing new methods and instrumentation including microcoulometry.
		We are interested in applying absolute coulometric methods to the standardization of primary chemical standards and to the calibration of other analytical techniques.
	www.cstl.nist.gov /nist839/839.03/post_doctoral.html (310 words)

	IngentaConnect Determination of Serum Albumin in Blood by Constant-Current Coulo... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Determination of Serum Albumin in Blood by Constant-Current Coulometry Using Electrochemically Generated Oxidizers
		A method is developed for the determination of human serum albumin by constant-current coulometry using electrochemically generated oxidizers.
		It is found that human serum albumin interacts with electrochemically generated bromine and iodine at a ratio of 1 : 73 and 1 : 64, respectively.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/maik/janc/2004/00000059/00000007/00494002 (159 words)

	Electrochemistry Dictionary
		Because the equation was derived for an unstirred solution, it ceases to be valid once natural convection starts.
		A combination of coulometry and electrogravimetry, in which both the weight of the deposited metal and the passed charge are measured.
		The charge passing a given point during one second when the current is one ampere.
	electrochem.cwru.edu /ed/dict.htm (11055 words)

	ARTICLES - the 1950's
		(4) D. Geske and A. Bard, "Evaluation of the Effect of Secondary Reactions in Controlled Potential Coulometry," J.
		(73) V. Puglisi and A. Bard, "Controlled Potential Coulometry Employing a Rotating Disk Electrode," Anal.
		Reversal Coulometric Study of the Reduction of Cis- and Trans-Thioindigo in the Presence of Carbon Dioxide, Cinnamonitrile and Acrylonitrile," J. Electroanal.
	research.cm.utexas.edu /abard/Articles-chronological.html (11986 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		This phenomenon does not occur in commonly used coulometric titration methods.
		Kinetic Methods in Coulometry Ciesielski used kinetic methods for determination of sulphur compounds of a long induction time.
		The amounts of inductors were determined based on the induced reaction rate.
	www.fic.uni.lodz.pl /zai/stpr/64.doc (1599 words)

	[No title]
		In the other experiment, the reaction mixture will be titrated using electro-generated Vanadium (V).
		This method, uranium coulometry, involves setting up the coulometry cell-electrode system and the electronics necessary to measure coulombs.
		The performance of the methods will be statistically evaluated, and the procedures formally documented prior to their use in accountability measurements.
	www.er.doe.gov /EPIC/docs/60.txt (719 words)

	NDP-080
		These duplicates were analyzed on the same system within the run of cast samples from which they originated, but the analyses were separated in time usually by ~3 h.
		Periodically, replicate samples were also drawn for shipboard analysis at sea using coulometry and for later analysis on shore at SIO by manometry.
		The latter samples, typically designated as the "Keeling samples," consisted of two 500-mL replicate samples collected at two depths (four samples total per station).
	cdiac.esd.ornl.gov /oceans/ndp_080/tco2080.html (2058 words)

	Princeton Applied Research - Electrochemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Potentiostatic coulometry maintains the potential of the working electrode at a constant so that K0026 Coulometry Cell Kit oxidation or reduction occurs of the ion or species of interest and can be quantifiably measured, without involvement of other components in the solution.
		For example, arsenic can be determined coulometrically by the electrolytic oxidation of arsenous acid (H3AsO3) to arsenic acid (H3AsO4) at a platinum electrode.
		This is in contrast to potentiometric methods that rely on measurements with currents that approach zero and polarization is absent. Voltammetry is different from coulometry in that the effects of polarization is minimized or compensated for at the surface of the electrode.
	www.princetonappliedresearch.com /products/markets/research_electrochemistry.cfm (815 words)

	Research - Analytical Chemistry - Department of Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Progress in pulsed-current Karl Fischer coulometry using diaphragm-free cells
		Conditions for accurate Karl Fischer coulometry using diaphragm-free cells
		Determination of kinetics of the Karl Fischer reaction based on coulometry and true potentiometry
	www.chem.umu.se /dep/anachem/forskning/karlfischer_eng.stm (731 words)

	C1108-99 Standard Test Method for Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		C1108-99 Standard Test Method for Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry
		1.1 This test method describes the determination of plutonium in solutions of unirradiated nuclear-grade (that is, high-purity) materials by controlled-potential coulometry.
		Controlled-potential coulometry may be performed in a choice of supporting electrolytes, such as 0.9 HNO 3, 1 HClO 4, 1 HCl, 5 HCl, and 0.5 H 2 SO Limitations on the use of selected supporting electrolytes are discussed in Section 5.
	www.astm.org /DATABASE.CART/REDLINE_PAGES.OLD/C1108.htm (356 words)

	CHM 327 practice exam #3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Useful information may be found on the inside front and back covers and appendices of the class text.
		Potentiostatic coulometry of Ni(II) in the presence of Zn(II) is contemplated as a means of analyzing a new alloy.
		Assuming negligible overvoltages and initial concentrations of 0.00100 M, compute:
	www.uncp.edu /home/pwf/327t2s99.htm (353 words)

	WK5403- Standard Test Method for Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry
		WK5403- Standard Test Method for Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry
		WK5403 Standard Test Method for Plutonium by Controlled-Potential Coulometry
		Coulometry; Current measurement-nuclear applications; Electrodes; Electrolysis current; Nuclear applications/materials; Nuclear fuels (reactor); Plutonium; Reference electrode; Voltage; plutonium in solutions of unirradiated nuclear-grade materials, by; controlled-potential coulometry, test; 27.120.30
	www.astm.org /DATABASE.CART/WORKITEMS/WK5403.htm (46 words)

	JCE 2001 (78) 1385 [Oct] Moisture Analysis in Lotion by Karl Fischer Coulometry. An Experiment for Introductory ...
		JCE 2001 (78) 1385 [Oct] Moisture Analysis in Lotion by Karl Fischer Coulometry.
		Home > JCE Print > Journal of Chemical Education > Issues >
		Moisture Analysis in Lotion by Karl Fischer Coulometry.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /journal/Issues/2001/Oct/abs1385.html (308 words)

	Sartorius Water Detection Systems: Sartorius WDS400
		Selective detection of surface water, capillary water and water of crystallization
		Now, two field-proven methods of measurement – thermal analysis and coulometry – have been combined in the WDS 400 Water Detection System, enabling very powerful and remarkably accurate moisture analysis.
		Using the principle of thermal analysis, a sample can be heated at a user-defined temperature to allow differentiation according to the various bonding forms of water: surface water, capillary water and the more tightly bound water of crystallization.
	www.itinscales.com /sartorius_water_detection_systems.htm (434 words)

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