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	Council of Ephesus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Council of Ephesus, 449 is called by the Roman Catholic Church the "Robber Council of Ephesus".
		The Council of Ephesus was held in Ephesus, Asia Minor in 431 under Emperor Theodosius II, grandson of Theodosius the Great.
		The Council also declared the text of the Nicene Creed of 381 to be complete and forbade any additional change (addition or deletion) to it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Council_of_Ephesus (418 words)

	Robber Council of Ephesus
		The question before the council by order of the emperor was whether St. Flavian, in a synod held by him at Constantinople in November, 448, had justly deposed and excommunicated the Archimandrite Eutyches for refusing to admit two natures in Christ.
		The council had sent him an account of their actions, and he replied (if we may believe the Acts) that he agreed to all the sentences that had been given and regretted that his health made his attendance impossible.
		He was deposed by a vote of the council, and with this final act of injustice the Acts come to an end.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/e/ephesus,robber_council_of.html (2264 words)

	Council of Ephesus
		It was with words such as these before their eyes that Greek Fathers and councils spoke of the Council of Ephesus as celebrated "by Celestine and Cyril".
		The orthodox were triumphant at Ephesus by their numbers and by the agreement of the papal legates.
		But in spite of all the exertions of the Antiochan party, the representatives of the envoys whom the council was eventually allowed to send, with the legate Philip, to the Court, persuaded the emperor to accept the great council as the true one.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/e/ephesus,council_of.html (3018 words)

	ephesus
		Ephesus was inhabited from the end of the Bronze Age onwards, but changed its location several times in the course of its long history in accordance with habits and requirements.
		Ephesus remained under Persian rule until the arrival of Alexander the Great in 334 B.C., when it entered upon a fifty year period of peace and tranquillity.
		Emperor Theodosius convoked another council in Ephesus in 449, which came to be known as the "robber council".
	www.turizm.net /cities/ephesus (1201 words)

	The Greek Orthodox Church of the Holy Cross - Studies in the Faith
		The Council of Constantinople of 448 strove mainly to ascertain whether Eutyches was in agreement with the epistle of Saint Cyril (referred to above) and with the words of the confession of John of Antioch.
		The Sixth Ecumenical Council was convoked in the year 680 under the Emperor Constantine IV (668-685) in the capital city of Constantinople (it is also known as the Third Council of Constantinople).
		This council was convoked to address the compromise sought between the Emperor Heraclius and Patriarch Sergius of Constantinople with the Monophysites earlier this century.
	www.goholycross.org /studies/councils.html (7898 words)

	Council of Chalcedon
		The Council of Chalcedon was the fourth ecumenical council of the Christian church.
		The Council of Chalcedon, the fourth ecumenical council of the church, was summoned by the Eastern Emperor Marcion.
		The "Definition of the faith" was passed at the council's fifth session, and was solemnly promulgated at the sixth session in the presence of the emperor and the imperial authorities.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txs/chalcedo.htm (7139 words)

	council, ecumenical. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Council of Trent, convened to deal with the Protestant Reformation, was probably the most far-reaching in its effects.
		Pope John XXIII established as one of the principal themes of the Second Vatican Council the reunion of all Christians with the Church of Rome.
		Two famous councils that claimed in vain to be ecumenical are the Robber Council of Ephesus (see Eutyches) and the Council of Pisa during the Great Schism.
	www.bartleby.com /65/co/council.html (507 words)

	Council of Ephesus
		The Council of Ephesus (431), the third ecumenical council of the Christian church was significant for its dogmatic decrees on the position of the Virgin Mary in the celestial hierarchy and on the nature of the incarnation of Jesus Christ.
		The central dogmatic act of the council is its judgment about whether the second letter of Cyril to Nestorius, or Nestorius's second letter to Cyril, was in conformity with the Nicene creed which was recited at the opening of the council's proceedings.
		The Council of Chalcedon "has accepted the synodical letters of the blessed Cyril, pastor of the church in Alexandria, to Nestorius and to the Orientals, as being well-suited to refuting Nestorius's mad folly and to providing an interpretation for those who in their religious zeal might desire understanding of the saving creed.".
	mb-soft.com /believe/txs/ephesus.htm (7855 words)

	A History of Christianity in Egypt - A Church in Upheaval - The Council of Chalcedon
		The Council of Ephesus condemned and excommunicated Nestorius and labeled the belief as heretical, which indirectly led to the schism between the established Christian Church and the Christians in East Syria and Mesopotamia, and are now called the Syrian Orthodox, or Jacobite (after the sixth-century bishop Jacob Baradaeus), Church.
		The new council, originally to be held at Nicaea, was moved to Chalcedon, as the emperor was unable to travel to Nicaea at that time.
		In its third session the Council decreed that Dioscurus was to be deposed and excommunicated for his previous acts, a fact communicated not only to Dioscurus but also to the imperial throne.
	www.touregypt.net /chiste4.htm (1390 words)

	The Council of Chalcedon, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Under the leadership of Bishop Memnon of Ephesus and Cyril the Great, Pope of Alexandria, the Council of Ephesus had opposed what it understood to be the teaching of Nestorius of Constantinople, and defined that Mary, the Mother of Jesus, is truly Theotokos, the one who gave birth to God.
		Mary is Theotokos since motherhood is a relation between persons, not simply natures: she is the Mother of Jesus, God incarnate, not the mother of the divine nature or of the eternal Godhead.
		This council, (449 AD) which Pope Leo was to name the Latrocinium, the Brigandage of Ephesus, restored and exonerated Eutyches and deposed Flavian, who was so violently treated he died of his injuries.
	www.arimathea.co.uk /council.htm (924 words)

	Ephesus 431 AD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The decrees of the council were approved by Pope Sixtus III shortly after his own ordination on 31 July 432.
		Whoever have been condemned of improper practices by the holy synod or by their own bishops, and have been uncanonically restored to communion and rank by Nestorius or his sympathisers, with their habitual lack of discrimination, such persons we have decreed gain nothing by this and are to remain deposed as before.
		Similarly if anyone should wish in any way to upset the decisions in each point taken in the holy synod of Ephesus, the holy synod decides that if they are bishops or clerics they should be completely deprived of their own rank and if they are laity they should be excommunicated.
	userweb.suscom.net /~jphigham/tanner/ephesus.htm (7279 words)

	Council of Chalcedon and the Papacy -- Apolonio's Catholic Apologetics, Philosophy, Spirituality
		Having the ear of the Eastern Emperor (who, being opposed to the dynasty that supported Nestorius, favored Eutyches' views), the heretical monk persuaded him to call another Council of Ephesus -- the so-called "Robber Council" of 449, in which the Roman teaching was rejected, and Monophysitism declared to be the orthodox doctrine of the Church.
		At this same "Robber Council" of Ephesus, several other Eastern bishops were deposed from their sees for refusing to embrace Monophysitism.
		As for those things which the universal Council of Chalcedon recently ordained in favor of the church of Constantinople, let Your Holiness be sure that there was no fault in me, who from my youth have always loved peace and quiet, keeping myself in humility.
	www.bringyou.to /apologetics/a35.htm (1524 words)

	Fifth century history of the church
		Condemned at the Council of Ephesus in 431.
		The council of Ephesus was convened in 431 to address the issue and pronounced that Jesus was one person in two distinct and inseparable natures: divine and human.
		It was condemned as heresy at the Sixth Ecumenical Council in 680-681.
	biblia.com /history/fifth.htm (1737 words)

	Epistle of the Council of Ephesus to Celestine in Rome
		Epistle of the Council of Ephesus to Celestine in Rome
		Therefore we put off the assembling [of the council] after the appointed day of the Holy Pentecost for sixteen whole days; in the meanwhile many of the bishops and clerics were overtaken with illness, and much burdened by the expense, and some even died.
		But when all with zeal had come together, Nestorius alone was found missing from the council, thereupon the holy Synod sent him admonition in accordance with the canons by bishops, a first, second, and third time.
	www.monachos.net /patristics/christology/ephesus_to_celestine.shtml (1196 words)

	Circle of Prayer - The Church in Crisis - A History of the General Councils 325 to 1870 - Chapter 3
		On November 19, the emperor had summoned a General Council of the Church, for certain vaguely described purposes, the summons said, but actually, no one doubted, to settle this controversy between Constantinople and Alexandria and--in the expectation of Nestorius--to be the scene of the trial for heresy (Apollinarianism) of Cyril.
		And while the bishop of Ephesus forbade the churches of the city to Nestorius, Cyril was free to preach on Nestorius as the enemy of truth, the outcast already condemned by the pope.
		Finally, in a solemn resounding sentence, the council deprived Nestorius of his bishopric of Constantinople and ejected him from the ranks of the episcopate; 198 signatures of bishops were attached to the sentence.
	www.circleofprayer.com /church-crisis4.html (7759 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Council of Ephesus, 431
		Not so, according to the Acts; but rather, by the intervention of a General Council's authority (the convocation of which, according to the discipline of those times, was left to the Emperor), the Council itself understood that all proceedings were of course suspended, and depended on the sentence of the Council.
		Council: "The [letter] of the Twelve Anathemas which is inserted in the holy Council of Ephesus, and which you cannot deny to be synodical, why did not Chalcedon receive it?" etc., etc.
		Cyril and the orthodox Memnon, the bishop of Ephesus.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/basis/ephesus.html (13495 words)

	ST. HILARY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Hilary was a Sardinian who had joined the Roman clergy and had been sent by St. Leo as one of the papal legates to the council at Ephesus in 449.
		Dioscorus steam-rollered through the council a condemnation of the orthodox and saintly Flavian, patriarch of Constantinople, and an approval of the Monophysite leader Eutyches.
		According to the "Liber Pontificalis" he sent a letter to the East confirming the ecumenical councils of Nicaea, Ephesus, and Chalcedon, and the famous dogmatic letter of his predecessor St. Leo to Flavian.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp46.htm (437 words)

	Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary : The Council of Ephesus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An Ecumenical, or General Council of the Church, is a solemn assembly of the bishops of the world, convoked by the Pope and subject to his authority.
		The Fathers of the Council were escorted back to their residences with incense and singing, and amid such protestations of affection that the humility of the humblest of saints would have been put to a difficult test.
		He sent to Ephesus an order that a delegation from each of the concerned parties present themselves before him in Constantinople, as quickly as possible — except for the three prisoners, who were to remain for the time in confinement.
	www.catholicism.org /council-ephesus.html (3191 words)

	Pope Pius XI 25 December 1931 Council of Ephesus
		Philip the Priest also, in the presence of the whole Council, gave utterance to that excellent pronouncement on the Primacy of the Roman Church which is cited in the dogmatic Constitution Pastor Aetemus of the Vatican Council (Conc.
		On these, as on a four square stone, the structure of the holy faith arises; and of whatever life or office he may be, whosoever does not hold their solidity, even though he is seen to be a stone, yet he lieth outside the edifice." (Migne, P.L. 77, 478; cf.
		From this dogma of the divine maternity, as from the outpouring of a hidden spring, flow forth the singular grace of Mary and her dignity, which is the highest after God.
	www.ewtn.com /library/ENCYC/P11VERIT.HTM (3865 words)

	Council of Ephesus
		Ephesus, Council of, 431, 3d ecumenical council, convened by Theodosius II, emperor of the East, and Valentinian III, emperor of the West, to deal with the controversy over
		Soon afterward the papal legates arrived and the council reconvened, reaffirmed its position, and excommunicated the Antiochenes.
		ecumenical council: Authority of the Councils - Authority of the Councils The traditional opinion is that when the bishops of the world unite to...
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0817465.html (335 words)

	The Third Ecumenical Council
		Held in Ephesus, Asia Minor in 431 under Emperor Theodosius II (grandson of Theodosius the Great).
		The Council decreed that Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God (Logos), is complete God and complete man, with a rational soul and body.
		The Council declared the text of the "Creed" decreed at the First and Second Ecumenical Councils to be complete and forbade any change (addition or deletion).
	www.goarch.org /en/ourfaith/articles/article8066.asp (225 words)

	Ephesus 431 AD
		The emperor therefore decided to summon it together with his co-emperor Valentinian III and with the agreement of Pope Celestine I. Theodosius' letter of 19 November 430 requested all those who had been summoned to be present at Ephesus on 7 June 431, the feast of Pentecost.
		The central dogmatic act of the council is its judgment about whether the second letter of Cyril to Nestorius, or Nestorius' second letter to Cyril, was in conformity with the Nicene creed which was recited at the opening of the council's proceedings.
		[Declared by the council of Ephesus to be in agreement with Nicaea]
	www.ewtn.com /library/COUNCILS/EPHESUS.HTM (7256 words)

	A Place for Truth Studies Page - Part 6
		Augustine and Pelagius / The Council of Ephesus (431)
		This favor worked to Nestorius's disadvantage in his own troubles, and together with the wish of the Pope led to the condemnation of Pelagiansm by the Third General Council of Ephesus in 431.
		Pelagianism, thus officially rejected in the West and the East, lived on in less extreme forms, and has always represented a tendency in the thinking of the church.
	www.aplacefortruth.org /creeds6.htm (708 words)

	The Council of Ephesus (431)
		Anna Crabbe, "The Invitation List to the Council of Ephesus and Metropolitan Hierarchy in the Fifth Century," Journal of Theological Studies 32.2 (1981): 369-400.
		Michael J. Svigel, "The Phantom Heresy: Did the Council of Ephesus (431) Condemn Chiliasm?" Trinity Journal 24.1 (2003): 105-112.
		The Council Of Ephesus - 431 A.D. (Norman P. Tanner)
	www.earlychurch.org.uk /ephesus.php (62 words)

	ephesus guide, ephesus tours, ephesus map, ephesus turkey, ephesus information, ancient ephesus, greek ephesus, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Speaking at the award ceremony, Austrian Education, Science and Culture Minister Elisabeth Gehver said the honorary title was presented to Prof.
		Krizinger for his extraordinary work and success in the Ephesus excavation project, and on protection for the region called "Yamac Evler".
		Furthermore, the Ephesians at one point had a resolution passed in the Roman senate stating that their place of origin was Ortygie, and Artemis their patron goddess.It is perhaps for this reason that the Ephesians erected such a magnificent temple to this goddess.
	www.aboutephesus.com (621 words)

	LightOfTruth
		When it came to condemning and reprobating Nestorius, the Fathers of the Council did not think that the matter was for them to judge freely and all over again, but plainly professed themselves anticipated and bound by the Oracle of the Roman Pontiff.
		At all times she has recognized that the condemnation of Nestorius was justly pronounced, that Cyril's Doctrine was Orthodox, and she has ever regarded with Veneration the Council of Ephesus as one of the Oecumenical Councils Celebrated under the Inspiration of the Holy Ghost.
		So great was the piety of the people of Ephesus to the Virgin as Deipara, and so intense their love that on hearing the judgment of the Fathers of the Council they acclaimed them with an outpouring of joy, and forming ranks with blazing torches they accompanied them to their homes.
	home.earthlink.net /~slrorer/LightOfTruth.htm (4890 words)

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