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	Second Council of Nicaea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council of Christianity; it met in 787 AD in Nicaea (site of the First Council of Nicaea) to restore the honoring of icons (or, holy images), which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III (717 - 741).
		In 786, the council met in the Church of the Apostles in Constantinople.
		Careful maintenance of the ordinances of the earlier councils, knowledge of the scriptures on the part of the clergy, and care for Christian conduct are required, and the desire for a renewal of ecclesiastical life is awakened.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Council_of_Nicaea (562 words)

	First Council of Nicaea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The purpose of the council (also called a synod) was to resolve disagreements in the church of Alexandria over the nature of the Trinity: in particular whether Jesus was of the same or of similar substance as God the Father.
		The first Council of Nicaea was the first general gathering of bishops from the whole Church, to resolve differences of faith that had arisen and to define clearly the faith received from the apostles.
		The council was formally opened May 20, in the central structure of the imperial palace, with preliminary discussions on the Arian question.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea (2365 words)

	Encyclopedia: First Council of Nicaea
		The purpose of the council (also called a synod), was to resolve disagreements in the church of Alexandria over the nature of the Godhead, and in particular whether Jesus was of the same or of similar substance as God the Father.
		Nicaea (now Ä°znik) is a city in Anatolia (now part of Turkey) which is known primarily as the site of two major meetings (or Ecumenical councils) in the early history of the Christian church.
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council of Christianity; it met in 787 AD in Nicaea (site of the First Council of Nicaea) to restore the honoring of icons (or, holy images), which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/First-Council-of-Nicaea (5948 words)

	During time of Adrian I Nicaea-2
		The aim was to unite the church and to condemn the decrees passed by the council of 338 bishops held at Hiereia and St Mary of Blachernae in 754.
		The convocation of the council was announced to Pope Hadrian I (772-795) in a letter of Constantine VI and Irene, dated 29 August 784.
		The council, which was summoned by an imperial edict in the summer of 786, met for the first time on 1 August 786, in the presence of Emperor Constantine and Empress Irene.
	www.ewtn.com /library/COUNCILS/NICAEA2.HTM (4128 words)

	Council of Nicaea, Nicea (325)
		The council was also important for its disciplinary decisions concerning the status and jurisdiction of the clergy in the early church and for establishing the date on which Easter is celebrated.
		The Second Council of Nicaea, the seventh ecumenical council of the Christian church, was convoked by the Byzantine empress Irene in 787 to rule on the use of saints' images and icons in religious devotion.
		The main purpose of the council was to attempt to heal the schism in the church provoked by Arianism.
	www.thenazareneway.com /council_of_nicaea_nicea_325.htm (1337 words)

	Learn more about Second Council of Nicaea in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council; it met in Nicaea in 787 AD to restore the honoring of icons or holy images, which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III (717-741).
		However, as a council claiming to be ecumenical had abolished the veneration of icons, another ecumenical council was necessary for its restoration.
		The papal legates voiced their approval of the restoration of the veneration of icons in no uncertain terms, and the patriarch sent a full account of the proceedings of the council to Hadrian, who caused the same to be translated, which translation Anastasius later replaced with a better one.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /s/se/second_council_of_nicaea.html (595 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Nicaea, Councils of, two ecumenical councils of the Christian church, held at Nicaea (now İznik, Turkey), a city of ancient Bithynia, in Asia Minor.
		The council unanimously ruled that the Easter festival should be...
		This chart lists the 21 ecumenical councils in the history of the Roman Catholic church.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Council_of_Nicaea.html (137 words)

	325 Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hence Nicaea in Bithynia was finally selected; it was close to the sea making it easier for more bishops to attend, he had there a large palace compound, both to house the bishops and with a great hall in which they could assemble, and he could keep an eye on them from nearby Nicomedia.
		Primarily a council's purpose, at least a dogmatic council, is to proclaim with unmistakable clarity a doctrine already a part of the teaching of the Church.
		The Council's purpose was to bring order to the Church in Alexandia, but in so doing they gave evidence to something which was developing in the Church, namely, listing the metropolitan centers of Christianity and putting them in order of their importance.
	www.hist.edu /325nice.html (1808 words)

	Nicaea, First Council of. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The chief figures at the council were Arius and his opponent, Athanasius.
		The council adopted, as a test of faith, a formula that seems to have been based on a simple baptismal creed presented possibly by Eusebius of Caesarea; this was not, however, the creed generally circulated today as the Nicene Creed (see creed).
		The First Council of Nicaea was significant as the model and the original of great councils.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ni/Nicaea-F.html (287 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Second Council of Nicaea
		Seventh Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church, held in 787.
		Seven others who had plotted to make the Council miscarry in the preceding year presented themselves and declared themselves ready to profess the Faith of the Fathers, but the assembly thereupon engaged in a long discussion concerning the admission of heretics and postponed their case to another session.
		Afterwards the dogmatic decree was presented, and was signed by all the members present, by the archimandrites of the monasteries, and by some monks; the papal legates added a declaration to the effect that they were ready to receive all who had abandoned the Iconoclastic heresy.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11045a.htm (1360 words)

	The Council iof Nicaea - H N Bate
		The Council of Nicaea, A.D. - The council was summoned for June 19, 325.
		Both at the council and in later disputes the word homoousion was keenly opposed, and that chiefly on two grounds: (1) that it was not Scriptural; (2) that a synod of Antioch in A.D. 269 had condemned its use by Paul of Samosata.
		Arianism and the Nicene Council belong wholly to this second period, in which doctrinal development was no longer an entirely spontaneous movement of thought, but was guided by the decisions of Church councils, and complicated by its new relation to imperial politics.
	www.earlychurch.org.uk /nicene_bate.html (2425 words)

	The first council of Nicaea (325 a.d.)
		The First Council of Nicaea was the first of two ecumenical councils of the early Christian church, held at Nicaea (now Iznik, Turkey), in Asia Minor.
		The council was held at Nicaea because Constantine had moved the seat of civil government from Rome to Byzantium, which he renamed Constantinople.
		But the main purpose and effect of the First Council of Nicaea was to establish unity of doctrine in the early Christian church and to heal the schism caused by the Arian heresy.
	ks.essortment.com /firstcouncilof_rgbz.htm (903 words)

	Arianism Versus the Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This Council in Antioch was a forerunner of the latter Council in Nicaea.
		At this Council Arianism was condemned, a profession of faith resembling the Alexandrian creed was promulgated and three Bishops who refused to agree with the teaching of this Council were provisionally excommunicated until the Council of Nicaea.
		This Council directly attacked the Nicaea Council by promulgating its own creed that omitted the phrases "from the substance of the Father" and "homoousios." Some attempts were made to find a substitute word for homoousios.
	www.monksofadoration.org /arianism.html (3111 words)

	Pilgrim Church - COUNCIL OF NICAEA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The first general council of the Catholic churches was summoned by Constantine and met at Nicaea in Bithynia (325).
		With two dissentients, the Council decided that the teaching of Arius was false, that it had not been the teaching of the Church from the beginning, and the Nicene Creed - see glossary was framed to express the truth of the real Divine Nature of the Son and His equality with the Father.
		Two years after the Council of Nicaea Constantine, altering his view, received Arius back from exile, and in the reign of his son Constantius all the bishoprics were filled by Arian bishops; the Government, now become Arian, persecuted the Catholics as formerly it had done the Arians.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/thailand/PC-B-021.HTM (494 words)

	The Council of Nicaea 325 AD WAS a Catholic Council
		Sometimes the absurd claim is made that the church of Nicaea in 325 was not the Catholic Church.
		Regarding Pope Sylvester’s (314-335) not leaving Rome ot attend the Council of Nicaea, it should eb brne in mind that the Pope likewise did not attend the Council of Arles (314), thinking it improper for him to leave Rome.
		Nicaea (325) was certainly a Catholic Council and has been cited as the first council since the apostles by every Church historian, even the schismatics and the heretics.
	www.angelfire.com /ms/seanie/nicaea.html (823 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 325, at the Council of Nicæa the date of Easter was fixed by declaring that Easter should be the first Sunday after the first full moon occuring on or after the vernal equinox.
		The Council of Nicæa gave the task of calculating the date of Easter to the Church of Alexandria, which was to communicate the result to the pope for further distribution to the Christian communities.
		This is the reason for the epact 0 of years with the Golden Number 1, in which a cyclic new moon occurs on 23 March, and 22 March is day 30 of the preceeding new moon.
	www.ortelius.de /kalender/east_en.html (3828 words)

	The Council of Nicea
		The Council of Nicea, a gathering similar to the one described in Acts 15:4-22, condemned the beliefs of Arius and wrote the first version of the now famous creed proclaiming that the Son was "one in being with the Father" by use of the Greek word "homoousius."
		The bishops of the Council stopped their ears on hearing the words of Arius and immediately rejected his teaching as distant and alien from the belief of the Church.
		Originally seventeen of those bishops gathered at the council were unwilling to sign the Creed penned by the Council, and all but three of these were convinced to sign by the end.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/augustine/arch/sbrandt/nicea.htm (1373 words)

	Nicaea, Council of - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Nicaea, Council of
		Christian church council held in Nicaea (now Iznik, Turkey) in 325, called by the Roman emperor Constantine.
		It condemned Arianism as heretical and upheld the doctrine of the Trinity in the Nicene Creed.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Nicaea,+Council+of (96 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: First Council of Nicaea
		First Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church, held in 325 on the occasion of the heresy of Arius (Arianism).
		In order to expedite the assembling of the Council, the emperor placed at the disposal of the bishops the public conveyances and posts of the empire; moreover, while the Council lasted he provided abundantly for the maintenance of the members.
		The choice of Nicaea was favourable to the assembling of a large number of bishops.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11044a.htm (1846 words)

	Rejection of Pascal's Wager: The Arian Controversy
		The council was held in the city of Nicaea (today the town of Iznik in North Western Turkey).
		As with all theological debates, the council reached a deadlock; no formula appeared to be agreeable to both parties in the dispute.
		In 359 two simultaneous councils were held; one for the eastern bishops (in Seleucia) and one for the western bishops (in Ariminum).
	www.geocities.com /paulntobin/arian.html (2063 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: The Second Council of Nicea, 787
		Excursus On the Reception of the Seventh Council.
		The test of the ecumenicity of a council is not its acceptance by a subsequent synod, but its acceptance by the whole Church, and this Dr. Neale frankly confesses is the case with regard to II.
		The new patriarch Constantinus, presented by the emperor to the council the last day of its session, was forced to foreswear images, to attend banquets, to eat and drink freely against his monastic vows, to wear garlands, to witness the coarse spectacles and hear the coarse language which entertained the Emperor.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/basis/nicea2.html (13964 words)

	Pope Silvester & the Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The idea that the council was called by, presided over by (through representatives), or was merely conditional until ratified by, the bishop of Rome as the head of the church, is a-historical, untenable, and to my knowledge, not promoted by any serious historian in our age.
		Constantine's personal role in the calling of the Council of Nicaea does not, from the available evidence, seem to be any greater than the personal role of Emperor Charles V in convening the earlier sessions of the Council of Trent.
		The whole history of the calling of the Council of Nicaea, and the whole history of the Church in the empire for the preceding decade, suggest that Pope Silvester would have designated Ossius for this role.
	ic.net /~erasmus/RAZ256.HTM (1291 words)

	Council of Nicaea, Nicea
		Whoever it was to whom the idea of a council of the Christian universe first occurred, it was Constantine who decided it should be held, and who chose the place and sent out the invitations to the bishops, offering to all free passage in the imperial transportation service.
		The Fathers of the Council at Nice were at one time ready to accede to the request of some of the bishops and use only scriptural expressions in their definitions.
		When the council of Chalcedon met, one of the matters which came before it for settlement was the dispute as to priority between Juvenal and Maximus Bishop of Antioch.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txc/nicaea.htm (18159 words)

	AllRefer.com - Nicaea, First Council of (Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Councils And Treaties) - Encyclopedia
		Nicaea, First Council of, Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Councils And Treaties
		Nicaea, First Council of, 325, 1st ecumenical council, convened by Roman Emperor Constantine the Great to solve the problems raised by Arianism.
		It has been said that 318 persons attended, but a more likely number is 225, including every Eastern bishop of importance, four Western bishops (among them Hosius of COrdoba, president of the council), and two papal legates.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/N/Nicaea-F.html (387 words)

	Council of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Council of Nicaea was the first Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church.
		It was held in 325 primarily to dispel the Arian heresy.
		Constantine thought that to restore peace in the Church, and hence the empire, required the convocation of an ecumenical council.
	www.columbia.edu /ccnmtl/draft/sylvie/dave_presentaion/mmt/augustine/concepts/council_of_nicaea.html (126 words)

	The Council of Nicaea and the Bible
		Some people seem to think that the council, which was the first council of all the Bishops of the Christian Church, either invented the New Testament, or edited it to remove references to reincarnation (or whatever) or burned large numbers of heretical works, or whatever.
		After the council, Constantine ordered the burning of the works of Arius and his sympathisers, and the exile of himself and his supporters, and followed this later in his reign by action against Christian schismatics and gnostic heretics.
		This council condemned the propositions known as Origenism, and with them the pagan idea of the transmigration of souls (not reincarnation), which some writers had picked up as a technical idea from Greek philosophy without realising all the implications.
	www.tertullian.org /rpearse/nicaea.html (4721 words)

	Emperor Constantine & the Council of Nicaea
		Having seen human "gods" like Diocletian fail as a binding force for the empire, and noting the wide appeal of Christianity, and the futility of Diocletian's attempts to persecute it, Constantine was determined to use Christianity as the "glue" to hold his empire together.
		At this council of Nicaea (in 325 A.D.) the precise nature of Christian faith was negotiated, and its relationship to Constantine and his successors established.
		The most important results of the Council of Nicaea were twenty statements containing rules of behavior for clergy, and the famous creed of faith known ever since as the Nicene Creed.
	markmason.net /ch7ex1.htm (1258 words)

	First Council Of Nicaea Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
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		The purpose of the council (also called a synod), was to resolve disagreements in the church of Alexandria over the nature of the Godhead, and in particular whether (Jesus) was like or unlike (God the Father).
	www.variedtastes.com /encyclopedia/First_Council_of_Nicaea (2551 words)

	Still Fighting Over Nicaea - Christianity Today Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Not that the Council of Nicaea was as decisive as it is usually billed, either.
		The Arians, who denied the full divinity of Christ, were spotlighted at the Council of Nicaea, and most of the council's work focused on accurately defining Jesus' nature.
		If a Novatian wanted to return to the church's good graces, the Council of Nicaea ruled, all they had to do was to "profess in writing that they will observe and follow the dogmas of the Catholic and Apostolic Church." Novatian priests could stay priests.
	www.christianitytoday.com /ct/2005/107/52.0.html (1722 words)

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