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	Piacenza - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Piacenza (Piasëinsa in the Piacentine dialect) is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy, of approximately 104,000 inhabitants.
		It is the capital of the province of Piacenza.
		Piacenza was founded in 218 BC as a Roman military colony, and was formerly called Placentia in both Latin and English.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Piacenza (451 words)

	Council of Clermont - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Council of Clermont was a mixed synod of ecclesiastics and laymen of the Roman Catholic Church, which was held in November 1095 and triggered the First Crusade.
		The message was received by Pope Urban II at the Council of Piacenza; later that year, in November, Urban called the Council of Clermont to discuss the matter further.
		The Council lasted from November 18 to November 28, and was attended by about 300 clerics from throughout France.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Council_of_Clermont (773 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Piacenza
		In the wars between the Lombard cities and with the emperors, Piacenza was an ally of Milan, on account of its hatred of Cremona and of Pavia; wherefore it was Guelph and a party to both of the Lombard leagues.
		The councils of Piacenza were those of 1076 (concerning the schismatics against Gregory VII), 1090 (Urban II against the concubinage of the clergy, and in favour of the crusade), 1132 (Innocent II against Anacletus II).
		Piacenza was the first Italian city to apply for a Bull erecting its town-schools into a studium generale, which Bull was granted by Innocent IV in 1248, and conferred all the usual privileges of other studia generalia; by it the power of giving degrees was vested in the Bishop of Piacenza.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/12069a.htm (1466 words)

	COUNCIL OF CLERMONT ALTERNATE GENIE SEARCH ENGINE, INC
		The Council of Clermont was a mixed synod of ecclesiastics and laymen of the Roman_Catholic_Church, which was held in November 1095 and triggered the First_Crusade.
		The message was received by Pope_Urban_II at the Council_of_Piacenza; later that year, in November, Urban called the Council of Clermont to discuss the matter further.
		There are six main sources of information about this portion of the council: the anonymous ''Gesta_Francorum'' ("The Deeds of the Franks") influencing others: Fulcher_of_Chartres, Robert_the_Monk, Baldric,_archbishop_of_Dol, and Guibert_de_Nogent, who were apparently present at the council; also a letter survives that was written by Urban himself in December of 1095.
	www.agseinc.com /Council_of_Clermont (772 words)

	Council of Piacenza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Council was held at the end of Pope Urban II 's tour of Italy and France, which he made to reassert hisauthority after the investiture controversy with the Holy Roman Empire.
		News of the threat to the empire and the supposed threat to Jerusalem spreadthroughout France after the council ended; in November of 1095, Urban called an even bigger council, the Council of Clermont, where the organization of the First Crusade was formally announced.
		Most of the information about the Council of Piacenza comes from the chronicler Bernold of Constance, who was probably therehimself, as well as Ekkehard of Aura and Guibert of Nogent, whowere at Clermont if not at Piacenza.
	www.therfcc.org /council-of-piacenza-160964.html (444 words)

	Council of Clermont (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Council of Clermont was held in 1095, and is generally held to havetriggered the First Crusade.
		There are six main sources of information about this portion of the council: Fulcher of Chartres, Robert the Monk, Baldric of Dol, and Guibert de Nogent, whowere apparently present at the council; also the anonymous Gesta Francorum or The Deeds of the Franks, and aletter written by Urban himself in December of 1095.
		On the last day of the council, a general call was sent out to the knights andnobles of France.
	www.therfcc.org /council-of-clermont-92089.html (533 words)

	Pope Bl. Urban II 1088-1099
		At this council Urban was able to broach the subject of the Crusades.
		A council was held in the Lateran in 1097, and before the end of the year Urban was able to go south again to solicit help from the Normans to enable him to regain the Castle of S. Angelo.
		In October, 1098, the pope held a council at Bari with the intention of reconciling the Greeks and Latins on the question of the filioque; one hundred and eighty bishops attended, amongst whom was St. Anselm of Canterbury, who had fled to Urban to lay before him his complaints against the Red King.
	www.hismercy.ca /content/church_docs/listpopes/Urban2.html (2067 words)

	Council of Clermont (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Council of Clermont was held in 1095, and is generally held to be of the First Crusade.
		There are six main sources of information about this portion of the council: Fulcher of Chartres, Robert the Monk, Baldric of Dol, and Guibert de Nogent, who were apparently present at the council; also the Gesta Francorum or The Deeds of the Franks, and a letter written by Urban himself in December of 1095.
		He then asked western Christians, poor and rich, to come to the aid of the Greeks in the east, because "God wills it." Fulcher records that Urban promised remission of sins for those who went to the east, although he probably did not mean what later came to be called indulgences.
	www.portaljuice.com /council_of_clermont.html (528 words)

	ANISTORITON: Viewpoints (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		At the council of Piaceza the Byzantine legates were allowed to demonstrate their appeal in an open meeting.
		When the council ended the Pope headed towards France were he called another Council of bishops- the Council of Clermont on 18 November.
		In this council the Pope gave a speech in which he exposed his arguments about the reasons why the European leaders had to go to the East and fight against the Arabs and the Muslims in order to liberate the Holy Places.
	www.anistor.co.hol.gr /english/enback/v982.htm (3332 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pope Urban II
		A great council met, attended by numerous Italian, Burgundian, and French bishops in such vast numbers it had to be held in the open air outside the city.
		At the Council of Clermont held in November of the same year, Urban's sermon proved the most effective single speech in European history, as he summoned the French people to wrest the Holy Land from the hands of the Turks.
		Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont, given a Late Gothic setting in this painting of c 1490 The Council of Clermont was a mixed synod of ecclesiastics and laymen of the Roman Catholic Church, which was held in November 1095 and triggered the First Crusade.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pope-Urban-II (2617 words)

	Council of Trent
		The Council of Trent, the 19th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic church, was held at Trent in northern Italy between 1545 and 1563.
		In 1547 the cause was the outbreak of the plague at Trent.
		But among these surely is, also, the change by which the council abolished the age-long right of metropolitans (archbishops) to make the visitation of all the sees of the bishops of their province, the local bishop's jurisdiction suspended the meanwhile, and the archbishop correcting what he found amiss and ordering the penalties this called for.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txs/trent.htm (10573 words)

	The People's Crusade - Peter the Hermit
		Peter of Amiens, known as Peter the Hermit was a maverick preacher without a church and his indignance at the oppression of Christians in Palestine grew into fanaticism.
		Pope Urban II first held a council at Piacenza, in which he broached the scheme, and then crossing the Alps, convened a larger and more representative council in France at Cleremont.
		Deus lo volt, cried the people, "God wills it." The council freed Crusaders from taxes and ordered that debtors who joined their ranks should not be pursued.
	latter-rain.com /crusade/crupeop.htm (1074 words)

	Piacenza - ZeroDelta.net: Your Travel Guide to Italy
		Piacenza is grazed from Po and is considered the doord between Lomabrdia and Emilia.
		The town, tha in the past was capital of the State, is presented contained from an fortified enclosure within is raised the castle.
		Live The necessary informations to spend a stay, short or long that is, in our country: how to have a means of transport, how to confront an emergency, where do shopping, where and how deal with the formality, thing do to marry itself, where live the actual religiousness.
	www.zerodelta.net /piacenza.php (660 words)

	Council of Piacenza
		The Council of Piacenza took place from March 1 to March 5, 1095, in Piacenza.
		Two hundred bishops attended, as well as 4000 other church officials, and 30 000 laymen; there were so many people that the council had to be held outside of the city.
		The massive number of attendees reflects the increased authority of the church in the 12th century.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/council_of_piacenza (519 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Schaff, 1910 edition with power search.
		A council at Girona, 1078, forbade the ordination of sons of priests and the hereditary transmission of ecclesiastical benefices.
		The acts of councils abound in complaints of clerical immorality and the vices of unchastity and drunkenness.
		This council deposed Gregory without giving him even a hearing, on the ground of slanderous charges of treason, witchcraft, covenant with the devil, and impurity, which were brought against him by Hugo Blancus (Hugh Leblanc), a deposed cardinal.
	www.bible.ca /history/philip-schaff/5_ch02.htm (13669 words)

	Chapter 13: The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VI
		Although the archbishop of Toledo had returned to León after the council at Piacenza he was back in the papal presence in the fall at the Council of Clermont.
		The third of the Spanish bishops at the Council of Clermont was Bishop Amor of Lugo.
		After the close of the council at Nimes Archbishop Bernard took an initiative that was to have the profoundest of effects on the Spanish church of the next half century.
	libro.uca.edu /alfonso6/alfonso13.htm (9217 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Berengarius of Tours
		At the Council of Tours (1055), presided over by the papal legate Hildebrand, Berengarius signed a profession of faith wherein he confessed that after consecration the bread and wine are truly the body and blood of Christ.
		At another council held in Rome in 1059, Berengarius was present, retracted his opinions, and signed a formula of faith, drawn up by Cardinal Humbert, affirming the real and sensible presence of the true body of Christ in the Holy Eucharist.
		He declares that, at the Last Supper, by virtue of the Lord's blessing, the bread and wine, keeping their natural properties, received a power of sanctification and became the sacrament of His body and blood; that the bread and wine on the altar are the very body of Christ, His true and human body.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02487a.htm (2050 words)

	The First Crusade
		During in the first week of March 1095 at the Council of Piacenza, a delegation from the Byzantine emperor Alexios I presented Pope Urban II with a formal request for help against the Turks.
		The princes held council and Bohemond and Robert of Flanders were dispatched with 20,000 men to raid the Orontes valley for supplies for the army.
		Bohemond’s half brother Guy who was part of Alexius army council begged him to stay and go to the assistance of the Crusaders, but he was the sole voice in the council and the rest wanted to protect their newly conquered lands from the Turks.
	angevin.org /first_crusade.htm (9658 words)

	CRATOS - Research - Projects - Piacenza Portal
		The town council was recently joined in the project by two other bodies: the Provincial Administration and the Piacenza Chamber of Commerce.
		The idea is to build up a portal for the Piacenza area that will offer local people the opportunity to access various items of news about their town and its surrounding province.
		The main aim of the project is to make the most of the town and its surrounding area through the network, to make Piacenza known not only to its inhabitants, but also to anybody who uses the Internet to look for information about the town.
	cratos.pc.unicatt.it /english_version/research/projects/portal.htm (503 words)

	Bedonia (PR) - Storia e tradizione di uno dei centri più belli ed accoglienti dell'Appennino Parmense
		After this it became part of the Malaspina properties and from the XII century it was passed onto the Piacenza Town Council.
		From this moment Bedonia became involved in the disputes between the town council of Piacenza and the Landi, this ended when the feud was conceeded to Agostino Landi in 1551.
		The union with the Landi of Val di Taro permitted the “Signori di Monaco” to acquire the title of “princes” and the Bedonia population is proud of this.
	www.parmaitaly.com /bedonia/indexk.html (428 words)

	Council of Piacenza -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Council of Piacenza was a mixed synod of ecclesiastics and laymen of the (The Christian Church based in the Vatican and presided over by a pope and an episcopal hierarchy) Roman Catholic Church, which took place from March 1 to March 5, 1095, at (Click link for more info and facts about Piacenza) Piacenza.
		The massive number of attendees reflects the increased authority of the church in the wake of (Click link for more info and facts about Pope Gregory VII) Pope Gregory VII.
		No contemporary Byzantine sources felt the ambassadors were important enough to mention, but the council is mentioned by the (Click link for more info and facts about 13th century) 13th century chronicler Theodore Scutariotes, who quotes now-lost contemporary works.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/council_of_piacenza.htm (263 words)

	The Gnostic Science of Alchemy Chapter Eleven (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		In early 1095, Alexius I, the eastern Emperor, sensing weakness in the current Seljuk in-fighting, sent an envoy to Pope Urban II and the council at Piacenza asking for military aid from the west.
		In August, from Le Puy in southern France, a church council was called for November at Clermont in Auvergne, not far from the small monastary of Aurillac.
		The council at which this occurred was held, of course, in Troyes at the court of the Count of Champagne.
	www.sangraal.com /library/gsa11.html (7272 words)

	Council of Clermont (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Council of Clermont was held in 1095, and is generally held to be the beginning of the First Crusade.
		Urban himself spent a few months preaching the Crusade in France, during which time the focus presumably turned from helping Alexius to taking Jerusalem; the general population, upon hearing about the Council, probably understood this to be the point of the Crusade in the first place.
		All the interpretations of words are not written with the same are not all equally easy to any single mind.
	www.explainthis.info /co/council-of-clermont.html (579 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Schaff, 1910 edition with power search.
		During the rule of his successor, an emir established himself in Nicaea, the seat of the council called by the first Constantine, and extended his rule as far as the shores of the sea of Marmora.
		At the Council of Piacenza, in the spring of 1095, envoys were present from the emperor Alexius Comnenus and made addresses, invoking aid against the advancing Turks.
		At a council of the three held under the walls of Acre,404 they decided to direct their arms against Damascus before proceeding to the more distant Edessa.
	www.bible.ca /history/philip-schaff/5_ch07.htm (17011 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Her angry belief that the Westerners had broken their promises, made to Alexius in 1096, when they seized Antioch in 1098 is a revelation of the importance attached by the Greeks to that city.
		In a crude old world the niceties of proper intention about which the canon of the Council of Clermont was so concerned, and which lay at the heart of Augustine's theory of Just War and the superstructure which the church had built upon it, went by the board.
		In the council held on 1 November 1098 to discuss the resumption of the crusade the Gesta reports the dispute between the count of Toulouse and Bohemond, then says that: 'The bishops, with Duke Godfrey, the counts of Flanders and Normandy and the other leaders (aliique seniores)' considered their judgment.
	coursesa.matrix.msu.edu /~fisher/hst372/readings/france1.html (7931 words)

	SingaporeMoms - Parenting Encyclopedia - First Crusade
		In March of 1095 Alexius I sent envoys to the Council of Piacenza to ask Urban for aid against the Turks.
		The emperor's request met with a favourable response from Urban, who hoped to heal the Great Schism of 40 years prior and re-unite the Church under papal supremacy as "chief bishop and prelate over the whole world" (as he referred to himself at Clermont, [1]), by helping the Eastern churches in their time of need.
		At the Council of Clermont, assembled in the heart of France in November 1095, Urban gave an impassioned sermon to a large audience of French nobles and clergy.
	www.singaporemoms.com /parenting/First_Crusade (4734 words)

	Text Resources: The Papacy, Religious Change and Church Reform, 1049-1125
		Anselm and Urban II at the council of Bari (1099)
		The canons of the council of Rheims (1049)
		The election of the bishop of Constance and the council of Mainz (1071)
	www.gla.ac.uk /centres/tltphistory/brochure/papacy/text.htm (674 words)

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