
	Where results make sense

Topic: Council of the Four Hundred

Related Topics

Solonian Constitution

Megacles

560 BC

Solon

6th century BCE

Pericles

Pytheas of Massilia

Mardonius

Aetion

Nile River

John Cabot

Jury trial

List of famous Greeks

Pyrros Dimas

List of accidents and incidents on commercial airliners grouped by location

In the News (Thu 10 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Boule - LoveToKnow 1911
		In Athens the ancient council was called the Boule until the institution of a democratic council, or committee of the Ecclesia, when, for purposes of distinction, it was described as "the Boule on the Areopagus," or, more shortly, "the Areopagus" (q.v.).
		During each of these periods the council was represented by the fifty councillors of one of the ten tribes, who acted as a committee for carrying on business for a tenth of the year.
		It must be clearly understood that the recommendation of the council had no intrinsic force until by the votes of the Ecclesia it passed into law as a psephism.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Boule (2286 words)

	The Avalon Project : The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina : March 1, 1669
		Whosoever, after the year one thousand seven hundred, either by inheritance or choice, shall succeed any proprietor in his proprietorship, and signories thereunto belonging; shall be obliged to take the name and arms of that proprietor whom he succeeds; which from thenceforth shall be the name and arms of his family and their posterity.
		The grand council shall always be judges of all causes and appeals that concern the palatine, or any of the lords proprietors, or any councillor of any proprietor's court, in any cause, which should otherwise have been tried in the court of which the said councillor is judge himself.
		The said common council shall be chosen by the present householders of the said town; the aldermen shall be chosen out of the common council; and the mayor out of the aldermen, by the palatine's court.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/states/nc05.htm (3829 words)

	NON-CONTRADICTION.COM - Aristotle and Aristotelianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Council also superintends the triremes that are already in existence, with their tackle and sheds, and builds new triremes or quadriremes, whichever the Assembly votes, with tackle and sheds to match.
		Formerly the Council used to decide on the plans for public buildings and the contract for making the robe of Athena; but now this work is done by a jury in the law-courts appointed by lot, since the Council was considered to have shown favouritism in its decisions.
		The Council also examines infirm paupers; for there is a law which provides that persons possessing less than three minas, who are so crippled as to be unable to do any work, are, after examination by the Council, to receive two obols a day from the state for their support.
	www.non-contradiction.com /ac_works_b33.asp (16581 words)

	[No title]
		Solon also appointed a Council of four hundred, a hundred from each tribe; but he assigned to the Council of the Areopagus the duty of superintending the laws, acting as before as the guardian of the constitution in general.
		As regards the future, four Councils were to be created, of men of the age already mentioned, and one of these was to be chosen by lot to take office at once, while the others were to receive it in turn, in the order decided by the lot.
		Four cases are taken in each of the categories defined in the law, and the litigants swear to confine their speeches to the point at issue.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/ancient/aristotle-athcon.txt (18812 words)

	Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 9: Laprade-Mass Liturgy \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library
		The control of doctrine and discipline devolves upon a superior council composed of the archbishop and bishops of the Province of Quebec, under the presidency of the Archbishop of Quebec, who is himself chancellor of the university.
		Each faculty is provided with a special council which discusses and submits to the university council all questions which most directly interest one or the other of these faculties.
		During 1908-09 four hundred and twenty-one students attended the various faculties, while the number who followed the courses at Montreal was much larger.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/herbermann/cathen09.html?term=Laval%20University%20of%20Quebec (1030 words)

	Second Vatican Council
		The Second Vatican Council, the 21st ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic church, was announced by Pope John XXIII on Jan. 25, 1959.
		The council was ecumenical in its outreach to non-Catholic Christians (represented by observers from twenty-eight denominations) and humble in relation to non-Christian religions.
		The Council Fathers decided to submit this question to the Pope for a ruling, and expressed the hope that this ruling would be given in advance of the promulgation of the reform in Canon Law.
	www.mb-soft.com /believe/txs/secondvc.htm (8805 words)

	Athens Democracy Themistocles Pericles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Representative government, in Athens, had its origins in the Council of Elders (Council of the Aereopagus), although Athenian citizens may have participated in certain decisions through the Ecclesia.Representive government took a more definite form in 594 B.C., when Solon is believed to have established a Council of Four Hundred.
		This council began to assume a greater role in lawmaking, although the Ecclesia could still veto measures the Council proposed.
		Following the Athenian surrender in 404, the size of the council was again reduced to the Thirty.
	www.periclespress.com /athens2m.html (479 words)

	Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, page 596 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Solon's legislation only granted to the first three of these four classes a vote in the election of responsible officers, and only to the first class the power of election to the highest offices; as, for instance, that of archon.
		Solon established as the chief consultative body the Council of the Four Hundred (see boule), in which only the first three classes took part, and as chief administrative body the Areopagus (q.v.) which was to be filled up by those who had been archons.
		Solon (who was archon in 594) reduced the Council to 400, one hundred from each of the four tribes; and extended in some particulars the powers already possessed by the Areopagus (ib.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /seyffert/0599.html (789 words)

	[No title]
		Part 32 The hundred commissioners appointed by the Five Thousand drew up the constitution as just stated; and after it had been ratified by the people, under the presidency of Aristomachus, the existing Council, that of the year of Callias, was dissolved before it had completed its term of office.
		Part 33 For about four months the constitution of the Four Hundred lasted, and Mnasilochus held office as Archon of their nomination for two months of the year of Theopompus, who was Archon for the remaining ten.
		Part 46 The Council also superintends the triremes that are already in existence, with their tackle and sheds, and builds new triremes or quadriremes, whichever the Assembly votes, with tackle and sheds to match.
	classics.mit.edu /Aristotle/athenian_const.mb.txt (13358 words)

	republikanisme.nl: de Atheense democratie
		Solon also appointed a Council of four hundred, a hundred from each tribe; but he assigned to the Council of the Areopagus the duty of superintending the laws, acting as before as the guardian of the constitution in general.
		The reason why he did not organize the people into twelve tribes was that he might not have to use the existing division into trittyes; for the four tribes had twelve trittyes, so that he would not have achieved his object of redistributing the population in fresh combinations.
		Four year after the establishment of this system, in the archonship of Hermocreon, they first imposed upon the Council of Five Hundred the oath which they take to the present day.
	www.republikanisme.nl /democratie.html (3267 words)

	The Greeks - The Brief Rule of the 400 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Prominent democrats were assassinated and the Council of Five Hundred was intimidated by threats.
		A commission was set up to devise new proposals for governing the city, and with the help of soldiers it evicted the Council of Five Hundred, replacing it in 411 with a Council of Four Hundred.
		After ruling for only four months the Four Hundred were deposed and their power transferred to a larger body of five thousand whose task was to redraft the Athenian constitution.
	www.pbs.org /empires/thegreeks/keyevents/411_c.html (213 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Laval University of Quebec
		devolves upon a superior council composed of the archbishop and bishops of the Province of Quebec, under the presidency of the Archbishop of
		The charter also provides for the establishment of a council which, conjointly with the rector, shall conduct the administration of the university.
		This council is composed of all the directors of the seminary and of the three oldest professors of each faculty.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09047b.htm (953 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Egypt \| Scramble for Shura (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Four hundred seventy one candidates are striving to become members of this consultative upper house without legislative powers, compared with the 851 candidates who ran in 2001.
		Convinced that the council will always be dominated by the NDP, only five or so opposition candidates will be running in the first stage.
		Businessmen are increasingly interested in becoming council members, Rabie said, because of the benefits the parliamentary immunity membership bestows.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2004/691/eg2.htm (805 words)

	African American Pamphlets - Time Line
		One hundred and sixty-one fl Americans are known to have been lynched in 1892.
		One hundred and eighteen fl Americans are known to have been lynched in 1893.
		One hundred and one fl Americans are known to have been lynched in 1898.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /ammem/aap/timelin2.html (935 words)

	Athenian Politics
		The Council had one hundred members from each of four tribes.
		Ten magistrates were chosen by lot to administer justice through the courts (heliaia), and this was an obvious source of political power for hoplites but at this stage they did not qualify to become one of the nine arkhons, and this is where the real political power was wielded.
		The changes instituted by Solon were only the beginning of a process that was to be continued by the Peisitratids, Kleisthenes and others, and was to be admired as a model of democracy for thousands of years in spite of it's tardiness in granting women's rights.
	www.classics.und.ac.za /projects/democracy/athpol.htm (345 words)

	The Avalon Project : Kansa - Nebraska Act 1854
		An apportionment shall be made, as nearly equal as practicable, among the several counties or districts, for the election of the council and representatives, giving to each section of the Territory representation in the ratio of its qualified voters as nearly as may be.
		And the members of the Council and of the House of Representatives shall reside in, and be inhabitants of, the district or county, or counties for which they may be elected, respectively.
		And be it further enacted, That the Governor, Secretary, Chief Justice, and Associate Justices, Attorney and Marshal, shall be nominated, and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appointed by the President of the United States.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/kanneb.htm (1641 words)

	The Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		More important than any other function of the Council was its role in preparing the agenda for meetings of the Assembly, where all Athenian citizens gathered to discuss and vote on decrees.
		So Solon’s Council was intended to reduce the “uneasiness” and “boldness” of the Athenian people, by introducing an institution that mediated between the People and the decrees they might chose to pass.
		The Council voted to send the matter along to the Assembly without making any recommendation to the Assembly for or against the Citians’ request.
	www.stoa.org /projects/demos/article_council?section=ProbouleumataIntro&greekEncoding=UnicodeC (871 words)

	Detail Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The boule was originally a council of nobles advising the king.
		The council prepared all proposals (probouleumata) for the Assembly and implemented decisions of the Assembly (which were delegated to boards of officials).
		The council of aristocratic advisers that originally advised the king in Athens was known simply as the council (boule).
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=HLAG0034 (1250 words)

	Illuminations: Calculating Patterns
		As an assessment activity, give the students four function calculators and ask each to enter a counting sequence and color it on the hundred chart.
		Collect the hundred charts and recordings that students made when marking their counting sequences on the hundred chart when using the objects to represent the patterns created on the hundred chart.
		The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics is a public voice of mathematics education, providing vision, leadership, and professional development to support teachers in ensuring mathematics learning of the highest quality for all students.
	illuminations.nctm.org /LessonDetail.aspx?ID=L499 (948 words)

	Graduate Council
		Graduate Council is the academic governing body of The Graduate School and University Center, and the Bylaws of Graduate Council set forth its rules of governance.
		The Graduate Council is composed of Executive Officers, members of the doctoral faculty, and graduate students who are elected to represent the various disciplines.
		The Executive Committee of Graduate Council shall be responsible for formulating the agenda and bringing resolutions, issues, and actions to Council for its consideration.
	web.gc.cuny.edu /provost/gradcouncil.htm (958 words)

	Ancient Greece: Athens
		This council of four hundred served as a kind of balance or check to the power of the Areopagus.
		The fourth class, the poorest class, was allowed to participate in an assembly; this assembly voted on affairs brought to it by the council of four hundred, and even elected local magistrates.
		The next one hundred years would be politically and culturally dominated by Athens; the event that would catapult Athens to the center of the Greek world was the invasion of the Persians in 490 BC.
	www.wsu.edu /~dee/GREECE/ATHENS.HTM (1331 words)

	John Adams: Defence of the Constitutions: Vol. I, Letter XV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The sovereignty resides in the two burgomasters, in the little council composed of forty-eight members, and the grand council composed of one hundred and sixty-two members; all taken from thirteen tribes, one of which is of the nobles, and the other twelve of citizens.
		It is an hundred and fifty years since a new citizen has been admitted: besides electing all the magistrates and holding all offices, they have maintained a monopoly of commerce, and excluded all strangers, and even subjects of the canton, from conducting any in the town.
		The burgomasters are chosen annually by the sovereign council, and one of them is president of each division of the senate, which has the judicial power, in criminal matters, without appeal, and in civil, with an appeal to the grand council.
	www.constitution.org /jadams/ja1_15.htm (506 words)

	georgiacourts.org :: Council of Municipal Court Judges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		All judges of municipal courts are members of the council.
		The Council held its first legislative breakfast, which was a success for a first-time effort.
		Council will again hold another legislative breakfast for the 2001 legislative session.
	www.georgiacourts.org /councils/municipal/Pages/AboutCouncil.html (291 words)

	People's Republic of China
		The four classes were to be led by the CCP, as the vanguard of the working class.
		In 1951 the UN declared China to be an aggressor in Korea and sanctioned a global embargo on the shipment of arms and war materiel to China.
		Cultural and intellectual figures were encouraged to speak their minds on the state of CCP rule and programs.
	www-chaos.umd.edu /history/prc.html (1329 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 860 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		innovations of Cleisthenes, become far more intelligible on the hypothesis that the four Ionian tribes were Eupatrid tribes, and the Boule of Solon an Eupatrid body, whose action, however, was so far controlled by the demus, that its measures required the ratification of the popular assembly to make them valid.
		97) expresses an opinion that before the time of Solon there was but one aristocratical council, the same which was afterwards distinguished from the Council of Four Hundred as the Upper Council, or the Council of Areiopagus.
		19) remarks that it was an error to attribute to Solon the establishment of the council of the Areiop;igus (Diet, of Antiq.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/3194.html (919 words)

	NYC.gov - Mayor's Office of Operations
		Not later than January thirtieth in each year the mayor shall make public and submit to the council a preliminary management report of the city and not later than September seventeenth in each year the mayor shall make public and submit to the council a management report.
		Prior to April eighth in each year the council shall conduct public hearings on the preliminary management report and on the proposed program and performance goals and measures of city agencies contained in such report.
		The council shall submit to the mayor and make public not later than April eighth a report or reports of findings and recommendations.
	www.nyc.gov /html/ops/html/mmr/charter.shtml (573 words)

	The Oligarchic Coup (411)
		Then, powers were handed over to a group of oligarchs, called the Four Hundred, who would draft a new constitution for a moderate oligarchy, the Five Thousand.
		The emergency decree of the Four Hundred (§31)
		[32] The hundred commissioners appointed by the Five Thousand drew up the constitution as just stated; and after it had been ratified by the people, under the presidency of Aristomachus, the existing Council, that of the year of Callias [412/411], was dissolved before it had completed its term of office.
	www.livius.org /pb-pem/peloponnesian_war/war_t07.html (1822 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)