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| | Gottschalk - LoveToKnow 1911 |
 | | He was convicted, however, of heresy, beaten, obliged to swear that he would never again enter the territory of Louis the German, and handed over to Hincmar, archbishop of Reims, who sent him back to his monastery at Orbais. |
 | | The next year at a provincial council at Quierzy, presided over by Charles the Bald, he attempted to justify his ideas, but was again condemned as a heretic and disturber of the public peace, was degraded from the priesthood, whipped, obliged to burn his declaration of faith, and shut up in the monastery of Hautvilliers. |
 | | The question was discussed at the councils of Kiersy (8J3), of Valence (855) and of Savonnieres (859). |
| www.1911encyclopedia.org /Gottschalk (645 words) |
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