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| | Europe's 13th-Century Progress by Sanderson Beck |
 | | On May 28, 1213 Salisbury earl William and the count of Boulogne led 700 English and Flemish knights on 500 ships with thousands of soldiers to surprise the French camp, reported to have 1,700 vessels, while French soldiers were dispersed besieging Ghent and plundering the region. |
 | | Joan had left Flanders countess Margaret a debt of 164,000 pounds, and in the next twelve years Margaret borrowed at least twice that much fighting her Avesnes sons on behalf of her Dampierre sons. |
 | | Countess Margaret of Flanders (1244-1278) caused a crisis in 1270 when she confiscated English property, and within four years Flemish merchants, who had been perhaps the most prosperous in Europe, had lost most of their carrying trade. |
| www.san.beck.org /AB21-Europe13thCentury.html (23696 words) |
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