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	Toulouse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Toulouse (pronounced /tuluz/ in standard French, /tuˈluzə/ in local Toulouse accent) (Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced /tuˈluzɐ/) is a city in southwest France on the banks of the Garonne River, half-way between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
		The Occitan cross, flag of Languedoc and symbol of the counts of Toulouse, was chosen as the new flag of the city, instead of the traditional coat of arms of Toulouse (which included the fleurs-de-lis of the French monarchy).
		Toulouse is thus recovering step by step its former rank as a major European metropolis, but it faces increasing challenges: how to accommodate such a rapid growth, how to upgrade transport and develop housing and infrastructures, in short how to reinvent the city in the 21st century.
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Toulouse (2112 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Toulouse
		Toulouse, chief town of the Tectosagi, at the end of the second century B.C. tried to shake off the yoke of Rome during the invasion of the Cimbri, but at the beginning of the empire it was a prosperous Roman civitas with famous schools in which the three brothers of the Emperor Constantine were pupils.
		From being the capital of the Duchy of Aquitaine, from 631, Toulouse became in 778 the capital of the County of Toulouse created by Charlemagne, and which in the tenth century was one of the main fiefs of the crown.
		The University of Toulouse was founded in 1229, in consequence of a treaty between Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse, and Blanche of Castile, regent of France; its object was to prevent by higher theological studies a recrudescence of Albigensianism.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14795b.htm (2459 words)

	Encyclopedia: History of Toulouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		By the end of the 5th century, the Visigoth kingdom of Toulouse extended from the Loire Valley in the north to the Strait of Gibraltar in the south, and from the Rhone River in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west.
		In 852 Count Frédelon of Toulouse died, and Charles the Bald appointed Frédelon's brother Raymond (Raimond) as the new count.
		They were mostly challenged by the dynasty of the counts of Auvergne, ruling over the northeastern part of the former Aquitaine, who claimed the county of Toulouse as their own, and even temporarily ousted the counts of Toulouse from the city of Toulouse.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/History-of-Toulouse (7164 words)

	Counts of Toulouse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The hereditary Counts of Toulouse ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270.
		Joan of Toulouse and Alphonse of Poitiers (1249-1271)
		At that point Toulouse passed to the Crown of France, by the terms of the Treaty of Languedoc.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Counts_of_Toulouse (260 words)

	Toulouse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The new mayor of Toulouse since May 6, 2004 is Jean-Luc Moudenc (center-right, member of the UMP party), who succeeded Philippe Douste-Blazy, appointed minister of Health in the French government on March 31, 2004.
		The major political figure in Toulouse is Dominique Baudis, the charismatic mayor of Toulouse between 1983 and 2001, member of center-right UDF.
		Perhaps the one for which Baudis is most famous is the subway of Toulouse: line A of the subway was opened in 1993, and Baudis succeeded in having work started on line B (scheduled to open in 2006), despite strong local opposition to the anticipated costs.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Toulouse (2282 words)

	Toulouse. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Toulouse was an artistic and literary center of medieval Europe.
		the counts of Toulouse were suzerains of practically the entire region of Languedoc; their vassals included the lords of Foix, Quercy, and Rouergue.
		The Univ. of Toulouse was established in 1230 and the Académie des Jeaux Floraux c.1323.
	www.bartleby.com /65/to/Toulouse.html (398 words)

	Toulouse - France.com
		Toulouse (Tolosa in Occitan) is a city in southwest France on the banks of the Garonne River, half-way between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
		Toulouse is the former capital of the province of Languedoc (provinces were abolished during the French Revolution).
		As of February 2004 estimate, the total population of the Greater Toulouse Council was 651,209 inhabitants, 65.5% of whom live in the city of Toulouse.
	www.france.com /docs/548.html (1212 words)

	Encyclopedia: Counts of Toulouse
		Bertrand of Toulouse (died 1112) was count of Toulouse, and was the first count of Tripoli to rule in Tripoli itself.
		Raymond VI of Toulouse (October 27, 1156 - August 2, 1222) was count of Toulouse from 1194 to 1222.
		Raymond VII of Saint-Gilles (July, 1197 - September 27, 1249) was count of Toulouse, duke of Narbonne and marquis of Provence.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Counts-of-Toulouse (964 words)

	Counts of Toulouse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pépin ler, king of Toulouse and Aquitaine, died 849 here begins the lineage of the counts of Toulouse.
		The counts and other family members were also at various times counts of Quercy, Rouergue, Albi, and Nîmes, and Marquis of Gothia and Provence.
		Also, Raymond IV founded the crusader state of Tripoli, and his descendants were counts there.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Counts_of_Toulouse (260 words)

	JONATHAN TOUP - LoveToKnow Article on JONATHAN TOUP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		While Raymond was away in the Holy Land, Toulouse was seized by William IX., duke of Aquitaine, who claimed the city in right of his wife Philippa, the daughter of William IV., but was unable to hold it long (1098-1100).
		On the death of Alfonso and Joan in 1271 the vast inheritance of the counts of Toulouse lapsed to the Crown.2 From the middle years of the 12th century the people of Toulouse seem to have begun to free themselves from the most oppressive feudal dues.
		The famous Floral Games of Toulouse, in which the poets of Languedoc contended (May 13) for the prize of the golden amaranth and other gold or silver flowers, given at the expense of the city, were instituted in 3 231324.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /T/TO/TOUP_JONATHAN.htm (1033 words)

	Languedoc (Traditional province, France) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Languedoc was formed by the possessions of the Counts of Toulouse, which was the capital city of Languedoc.
		The counts of Toulouse were in permanent competition with their powerful neighbours, the duke of Aquitaine and later the king of England, and the count of Barcelona, and had to cope with their disobedient vassals.
		In 1215, the fourth Council of Latran sentenced Raimond VI to exile and granted Montfort the duchy of Narbonne and the county of Toulouse.
	www.flagspot.com /flags/fr-lr.html (1930 words)

	Toulouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Toulouse is a city in southern France on the shores of the Garonne river.
		Toulouse hosts one of the two main factories of Airbus.
		Toulouse suffered the explosion of the AZF chemical plant on September 21, 2001.
	www.theezine.net /t/toulouse.html (262 words)

	Counts of Toulouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Counts of Toulouse ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the 9th century until 1270.
		The counts and family members were also at various times of Quercy Rouergue Albi and Nîmes and Marquis of Gothia and Provence.
		At that point Toulouse passed to the of France by the terms of the of Languedoc.
	www.freeglossary.com /Counts_of_Toulouse (343 words)

	Toulouse (Municipality, Haute-Garonne, France) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Toulouse is a city of 600,000 inhabitants (incl.
		Languedoc was originally consituted by the domain of the Counts of Toulouse.
		Pierre Salis (in Archistra, December 1994) claims that the cross of Toulouse is a modification of the Latin cross, attributed to Count Raimond VI.
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/fr-31-tl.html (385 words)

	Toulouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		TOULOUSE, with its beautiful historic centre, is one of the most vibrant and metropolitan provincial cities in France.
		From the tenth to the thirteenth centuries the counts of Toulouse controlled much of southern France.
		Until, that is, the arrival of the hungry northern French nobles of the Albigensian Crusade; in 1271 Toulouse became crown property.
	france-for-visitors.com /languedoc/toulouse (276 words)

	Flanders, Brittany, Burgundy, Anjou, Normandy, Blois, Champagne, Toulouse, etc.
		Count Louis I was killed fighting for the French King Philip VI at the battle Crécy, the great victory of Edward III of England, in 1346.
		Counts of Artois, 1237-1382 AD The County of Artois lay between the Counties of Flanders and Vermandois, fronting on the English Channel.
		Count Gaston III marries the sister of King Charles the Bad of Navarre, but this relationship comes to naught when Gaston, the son of the Count and the only legitimate heir, is starved to death by his father.
	www.friesian.com /flanders.htm (9945 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Diocese of Montauban
		The Count of Toulouse, Alphonse Jourdan, took from the abbey in 1144 its lands on the heights overlooking the right bank of the Tarn, and founded there the city of Montauban; a certain number of inhabitants of Montauriol and serfs of the abbey formed the nucleus of the population.
		From the tenth to the thirteenth century several of the counts of Toulouse were knight-abbots of Moissac; the death of Alfonso II (1271) made the King of France the legitimate successor of the counts of Toulouse, and in this way the abbey came to depend directly on the kings of France, henceforth its "knight-abbots".
		In 1908 the Diocese of Montauban counted 188,563 inhabitants, of whom 7000 were Protestants; 31 parishes; 296 succursal parishes; 58 vicariates.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10524a.htm (1033 words)

	Toulouse on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Manifestants à Toulouse A Toulouse, plusieurs milliers de personnes ont défilé samedi dans le centre-ville à l'appel du co..
		Un TGV en gare de Toulouse, en mars Le secrétaire d'Etat aux Transports Dominique Bussereau a relancé lundi à Toulouse la.
		Toulouse le 12 octobre 2001 Toulouse, six mois après l'explosion de l'usine chimique AZF qui a fait 30 morts le 21 septemb.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/T/Toulouse.asp (978 words)

	County of Foix (Traditional province, France)
		He was of the family of the counts of Carcassonne, who were in the IXth century vassals of the counts of Toulouse and progressively gained independence.
		It is often said that the counts of Foix were descendants of the royal Merovingian dynasty through Eudes, duke of Aquitaine.
		Roger IV (1241-1265) was in conflict with Toulouse (1242-1249), the bishop of Urgell (1243-1257) and repressed the Cathars (1261).
	flagspot.net /flags/fr-ctfoi.html (1008 words)

	Sample Chapter for Pegg, M.: The Corruption of Angels: The Great Inquisition of 1245-1246.
		Simon, count of Montfort l'Amaury in the Ilede-France, became, by common consent among the noble and ecclesiastical crucesignati, the new vicomte of Béziers, Carcassonne, Razès, and Albi.
		The count, and the consuls, of Toulouse refused.
		On Sunday, 6 February 1211, a new sentence of excommunication was placed upon the count of Toulouse by a chorus of archbishops (Narbonne and Arles) and bishops (Avignon, Maguelonne, Toulouse, and Orange).
	www.pup.princeton.edu /chapters/s7082.html (4613 words)

	The Counts of Toulouse (Coms de Toloza)
		Jeanne of Toulouse & Alphonse of Poitiers (1249-1271) At this point Toulouse passes to the Crown of France, by the terms of the Treaty of Languedoc.
		In many ways, the Counts of Toulouse of this period were model rulers.
		Ancient mysteries: Kabbalah, Raymond of Toulouse, the Cathars, and the Inquisition.
	www.languedoc-france.info /190201_counts.htm (590 words)

	Counts of Toulouse -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Torson, designated comte de Toulouse by (King of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)) Charlemagne, 778, regent for (Third son of Charlemagne and king of France and Germany and Holy Roman Emperor (778-840)) Louis I; deposed 790
		The hereditary Counts of Toulouse ruled the city of (A city on the Garonne River in southern France southeast of Bordeaux; a cultural center of medieval Europe) Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late (Click link for more info and facts about 9th century) 9th century until 1270.
		Also, Raymond IV founded the (Click link for more info and facts about crusader state) crusader state of (A port city and commerical center in northwestern Lebanon on the Mediterranean Sea) Tripoli, and his descendants were counts there.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/counts_of_toulouse.htm (343 words)

	Counts of Toulouse
		The Counts of Toulouse ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270.
		Joan of Toulouse & Alphonse of Poitiers (1249-1271)
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/co/Counts_of_Toulouse.html (66 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Albigenses
		At the death (1194) of the Catholic Count of Toulouse, Raymond V, his succession fell to Raymond VI (1194-1222) who favoured the heresy.
		After fruitless attempts in the Council of Arles (1211) at an agreement between the papal legates and the Count of Toulouse, the latter left the council and prepared to resist.
		The territory was ultimately ceded almost entirely by both Amalric and Raymond VII to the King of France, while the Council of Toulouse (1229) entrusted the Inquisition, which soon passed into the hands of the Dominicans (1233), with the repression of Albigensianism.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01267e.htm (2060 words)

	Toulouse : Introduction \| Frommers.com
		The old capital of Languedoc and France's fourth-largest city, Toulouse (known as la ville en rose, or the city in pink) today is cosmopolitan in flavor.
		Toulouse might be a city with a distinguished historical past, but it is also a city of the future and the high-tech center of the aerospace industry in France.
		It has played many roles: Once it was the capital of the Visigoths and later the center of the comtes de Toulouse (counts of Toulouse).
	www.frommers.com /destinations/toulouse/0662010001.html (329 words)

	Welcome to Toulouse
		Toulouse is situated between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, 456 miles south of Paris and is the 4th largest city in France.
		Its name first appeared in the 4th century B.C. and has had a rich history since then from the counts of Toulouse in the Middle Ages, through the rise and fall of Catharism and the building of the Canal du Midi to the present day aeronautics industry.
		Toulouse is the capital of Midi-Pyrénées, the largest region in France.
	idei.fr /toulouse.php (574 words)

	Toulouse -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The great dynasty, however, dates from 849, when Count Fredelon, a vassal of King Pippin II of Aquitaine, delivered Toulouse to Charles II the Bald of France, who thereupon confirmed him as...
		(count of) French admiral general, a son of Louis XIV and his mistress Mme de Montespan.
		Adrien-Marie Legendre was born in Toulouse, France, in 1752.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9073046?tocId=9073046 (649 words)

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