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Topic: Covert listening device

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Bugging

Surveillance

Telephone tapping

Microphone

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	The CPS : Covert Surveillance
		The court held that the use of a covert listening device at a defendant's flat was a violation of Article 8 as this had not been properly authorised in accordance with the law at any time.
		The court held that the use of listening devices in the police station did not comply with the requirement of lawfulness because at the relevant time there existed no statutory system to regulate the use by the police of covert listening devices on their premises.
		Intrusive surveillance is defined as covert surveillance which is carried out in relation to anything taking place on any residential premises or in any private vehicle and involves the presence of an individual on the premises or in the vehicle, or is carried out by means of a surveillance device.
	www.cps.gov.uk /legal/section20/chapter_d.html (3637 words)

	Covert listening device evidence admissible in criminal trial, R v Sang applied
		It was admitted on behalf of the Crown that the attachment of the listening device had involved a civil trespass and had occasioned some damage to the property.
		The judge admitted the evidence and Khan was rearraigned and pleaded guilty to being knowingly concerned in the fraudulent evasion of the prohibition on the importation of heroin.
		In a criminal trial, evidence as to the terms of tape recorded conversations obtained by means of an electronic listening device attached by the police to a private house without the knowledge of the owners or occupiers was admissible against the defendant.
	www.rjerrard.co.uk /law/cases/khan.htm (1650 words)

	Surveillance & Counter Surveillance Terminology of the Field
		A covert listening device usually comprised of a microphone or video camera, which is secretly installed on a PREMISES to monitor conversations and transmit information to a listening post, usually by means of radio wave, in which the information could be directly monitored and/or recorded.
		A device designed to receive radio waves, which usually has an antenna, and can be used in a remote location, transferring those waves down a transmission path or cable to a receiver.
		A covert listening device installed on a telephone line to monitor conversations and transmit information to a listening post, in which the information could be directly monitored and/or recorded.
	www.mesinnovations.com /explanations/terminology.html (1267 words)

	P.G. AND J.H. v. THE UNITED KINGDOM - 44787/98 [2001] ECHR 550 (25 September 2001)
		34. The applicants complained that covert listening devices were used by the police to monitor and record their conversations at a flat, that information was obtained by the police concerning the use of a telephone at the flat and that listening devices were used while they were at the police station to obtain voice samples.
		As in Khan, the fixing of the listening device and the recording of the applicants’ conversation were not unlawful in the sense of being contrary to domestic criminal law.
		The Court has – unanimously – acknowledged that the use of a listening device, both at B.’s flat and at the police station, infringed Article 8 of the Convention because such an interference with their right to respect for their private life was not in accordance with the law.
	www.worldlii.org /eu/cases/ECHR/2001/550.html (10904 words)

	Covert listening device - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A United States court ruled in 2006 that a similar technique, used by the FBI against a mobster after having obtained a court order, was permissible.
		Digital devices such as minidisc recorders or even mobiles or the latest palm-sized camcorders produce very high quality recordings and are conveniently small.
		The recording device was concealed on a person who Thatcher has previously approached for help in the crime.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Covert_listening_device (1377 words)

	ASIS International: Glossary - B
		Examination of nonfunctioning watches, clocks, timers, and other mechanisms can be revealing as to the condition responsible for causing the mechanism to stop or malfunction, and whether the time displayed by a timing mechanism represents a.m.
		Also, another name given to a covert listening device, or the act of covert listening.
		By contrast, business or industrial espionage is a loose, generic term that describes the harnessing of the business intelligence process in a manner that may not be entirely legitimate or which involves the use of a legitimately developed intelligence product to achieve an illegal end.
	www.asisonline.org /library/glossary/b.xml (5596 words)

	VAAR Products
		Covert video cameras should not be installed where a gross intrusion of personal privacy may become evident e.g.
		It is the responsibility of the owner of the premises or the business to ensure that covert surveillance equipment is used in a legal and ethical manner and for the minimum period necessary.
		In general covert videotaping is acceptable for a limited period to reveal the actions of persons suspected of being involved in illegal acts.
	vaar.netfirms.com /Vaar_Products.htm (1077 words)

	Lawlink NSW: 9. Dealings with covert surveillance information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For example, private conversations recorded by police with the use of a listening device pursuant to a warrant may be used not only in connection with the investigation and prosecution of a crime but may also be passed on to anybody, without violating the provisions of the LDA.
		Furthermore, in respect of listening device transcripts proposed by the prosecution to be used or tendered, the Commission recommended that the defence should disclose whether the transcripts are accepted as accurate and, if not, in what respects issue is taken.
		It applies only where a listening device is used: (a) pursuant to a warrant; or (b) in connection with (i) an imminent threat of serious violence to persons or of substantial damage to property, or (ii) a serious narcotics offence, if it is necessary to use the device immediately to obtain evidence or information.
	www.agd.nsw.gov.au /lrc.nsf/pages/r98chp09 (13120 words)

	MI5 SPY DEVICE AUCTION
		This note is authentication by me that the section of the bugging device which it accompanies is part of the Connolly House device which was returned to Mr.
		The sophisticated electronic listening device was disguised as a wooden joist with two microphones attached to false nail heads.
		Following the discovery it was revealed that a covert British army unit had been at the scene during the killing but had been ordered not to intervene.
	www.sinnfeinbookshop.com /en-us/dept_84.html (877 words)

	P. G. and J. H. v United Kingdom
		On March 15, 1995, B and others who were with him in his home discovered the listening device and abandoned the premises.
		During their trial, evidence derived from the use of the covert listening devices was deemed admissible and some documents, including parts of DI Mann's report, were withheld from the applicants and their lawyers.
		Oral evidence was also taken from DI Mann in the absence of the applicants or their lawyers.=20 The applicants were convicted on August 9, 1996 of conspiracy to rob and sentenced to 15 years imprisonment.
	www.chiark.greenend.org.uk /pipermail/ukcrypto/2001-October/056962.html (264 words)

	INFORMATION NOTE No. 34 on the case-law of the Court - September 2001
		The police then obtained authorisation, in accordance with the guidelines, to install covert listening devices in the applicants' cells and to attach such devices to the officers who were to be present when the applicants were charged.
		Law: Article 8 (listening device at B.'s flat) – It was not disputed that this surveillance constituted an interference with the right to respect for private life and the Government conceded that the interference was not "in accordance with the law".
		Article 8 (listening devices at the police station) – There are a number of elements relevant to the consideration of whether measures effected outside a person's home or private premises concern private life.
	www.echr.coe.int /eng/INFORMATIONNOTES/INFONOTENo34.htm (11750 words)

	Covert Investigations
		These cameras and other sound listening devices are getting real popular.
		The problem with the device is that the majority sold are not used for home security but to watch you.
		Covert Investigative Services can and will setup your business or a home computer that you own so that you can see for yourself what is happening or being said every second the computer is being used.
	www.covertinvestigativeservices.com (1369 words)

	Explanation of Surveillance Devices - RF Transmitters Bugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The most common type of wireless eavesdropping device, the "BUG", is a covert listening device placed into an area, hidden from the targeted individual, that transmits audio to a remote location, where that information can be directly monitored and/or recorded..
		The CCD or Charge Coupled Device receives light strength and/or colors which is commonly interpreted by a microchip.
		Now with a new knowledge of how surveillance devices work, where they can be placed and how to identify common types of wireless surveillance devices, the individual can now take affirmative action with the proper equipment.
	www.mesinnovations.com /devices/rfwireless.html (1693 words)

	Listening devices - SuperEar - Parabolic - shotgun
		The EBG1000 is perfect for covert operations for law enforcement, casino security and protection personnel.
		This complete kit comes with the earbud, a covert wallet transmitter/ receiver for use by the earbud wearer, and a long-range walkie-talkie.
		It enables you to listen and record voices and sounds that your regular video camera cannot pick up.
	www.homespy.com /listening_devices.htm (937 words)

	Whiterock \| About us (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		There are constant reports of instances in which the security of major companies, international organisations, government departments, prominent individuals and VIPs has been breached via covert listening devices and cameras and through the interception of telephone, facsimile and data transmissions.
		If we consider that this much espionage occurs in countries where possession of a covert listening device is an offence, then consider the availability of these devices in countries who do not currently prohibit possession of these devices.
		Whiterock supplies a variety of counter-surveillance and security devices for use in the office, home and vehicle including high-spec document shredders, cell phone signal detectors, camera lens locators, and top-of-the-range listening device 'bug' detectors.
	www.whiterockdefence.com /index.php?id=h6 (731 words)

	wireless listening devices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		microphones eavesdropping listening devices de bugging equipping pinhole...
		covert listening device A covert listening device, more commonly known as a bug, is usually...
		Wireless listening devices - Phone Is Off-Key as M...
	elentus.com /wireless-listening-devices/2006/08/amazon.html (279 words)

	Covert spy listening device secretly records, doubles as MP3 player
		The spy watch, a digital recording device, incorporates a voice recorder with multi media player and integrated 256MB flash memory.
		Perfect for recording notes, reminders, or listening to music without the need for bulky devices.
		The spy watch features a USB plug and play design making it simple to listen to recorded files on a personal computer via Windows Media Player, or simply listen to files directly with included stereo headphones which connect to the watch itself.
	www.southgatearc.org /news/january2006/spy_watch.htm (184 words)

	eBay.co.uk - Covert, Radio Equipment, Games, Security Equipment items at low prices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		New Covert Acoustic Por Tube Earpiece(2 Pin)Spaced 12mm
		New Covert Acoustic Por Tube Earpiece(2 Pin)Spaced 8 mm
		Covert Acoustic Tube Earpiece (Icom/Maxon/Co bra -1 pin)
	search.ebay.co.uk /Covert_W0QQfclZ4QQfnuZ1 (267 words)

	Qwika - similar:Surveillance
		The telephone tap or wire tap received its name because, historically, the monitoring connection was applied to the wires of the telephone line of the person who was being monitored and drew off or tapped a small amount of the electrical...
		Eavesdropping is the intercepting of conversations by unintended recipients.
		American dollar coin used for concealment Concealment devices, as the term suggests, are used to hide things for the purpose of secrecy.
	www.qwika.com /rels/Surveillance (1611 words)

	Covert Telephone Recording device (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Helps to record phone conversations by using this device along with your voice activated or ordinary tape recorder.
		Plugs in the phone jack so it can be used discretely, without the knowledge of either party.
		Covert Telephone Recording Adapter CTRD-II 10 feet long
	www.foxwholesale.com /CovertTelephoneRecordingDevice.html (131 words)

	The Informer Covert Telephone Listening Device
		The Informer is an amazing device that allows you to listen in to a room after the called party has hung up!
		This unit was originally designed for a leading law enforcement agency as a special device that they could supply to certain citizens who were at particular risk of being held hostage in their own home or office.
		this device is to be used only hi a legal and lawful manner in compliance with all applicable laws and F.C.C. regulations.
	www.spygalaxy.com /informer.htm (277 words)

	Alien hunters devise world's smallest microphone \| The Register
		Designed to enable robot explorers to listen out for life on other planets, the tiny microphone could theoretically detect the sound of a single cell growing.
		The device could also be useful in hearing aids because of its directional sensitivity.
		He said that it would also have military applications, such as a covert listening device or it could be put to use by the navy.
	www.theregister.com /2001/01/10/alien_hunters_devise_worlds_smallest (515 words)

	CovertOneSecurity.com - SPY Products
		With this device, you can magnify faint or distant sounds with a clarity you never thought possible.
		The Ear-2000 listening device is commonly called a concrete microphone or electro-acoustic receiver.
		This unit is perfect for almost any covert audio environment.
	www.covertonesecurity.com /products.asp?cat=20 (140 words)

	Allegations fly after bug uncovered in union office - National - www.theage.com.au
		When union official Nazza Ottobre spotted the small fl box with an aerial stuck to the wall behind a filing cabinet, he thought it was a new form of rodent killer.
		The bug, believed to be a long-range UHF device, is a fairly common model and would be difficult to trace.
		CFMEU state secretary Martin Kingham said the two groups could have worked together to plant the bug, because whoever was listening to it "had to be close" (the bug's range is 1000 metres).
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2004/07/03/1088488198973.html (472 words)

	ELAHI v. THE UNITED KINGDOM - 30034/04 [2006] ECHR 632 (20 June 2006)
		The fact that the defendants may not have said what they did if they’d known the police were listening in does not mean that reception of evidence of what they said is unfair.
		The remainder of the complaint under Article 8, concerning the use of a covert listening device, is not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 of the Convention or inadmissible on any other ground.
		In the current case, the Government were of the view that the legal costs and expenses claimed were excessively high in the light of the lack of complexity of the case, and the early stage of proceedings reached, and given the awards in similar cases.
	www.worldlii.org /eu/cases/ECHR/2006/632.html (1856 words)

	RFID information and resources..
		Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders.
		Even though this device was a passive covert listening device, not an identification tag, it has been attributed as the first known device and a predecessor to RFID technology.
		Mario Cardullo claims that his U.S. Patent 3,713,148 in 1973 was the first true ancestor of modern RFID; a passive radio transponder with memory.
	rfidzones.com (283 words)

	:: covert :: related - ( aggression bailey celsius fahrenheit igi strike ...
		:: covert :: related - (aggression bailey celsius fahrenheit igi strike cheat township park allen) by Spell-Dictionary
		covert coat a short, light, overcoat worn for shooting, riding, etc.
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	www.spell-dictionary.com /db/covert (75 words)

	Decision on the Defence "Objection to Intercept Evidence"
		the Court held unanimously that using a covert listening device to record conversations in the applicant’s home was a violation of article 8, because it was not “in accordance with the law”.
		Observing that the government acknowledged that police surveillance of the applicant’s apartment was not in accordance with the law existing at the time, and noting that there was no statutory scheme to regulate the use of listening devices at the police station, the Court was satisfied that article 8 had been violated on both occasions.
		Thus, for example, in a country where interception of telephone conversations can only be authorised by the Minister of Home Affairs, it does not make sense at all if his or her authority is still required when he himself or she herself is the suspect that needs to be the subject of surveillance.
	www.un.org /icty/brdjanin/trialc/decision-e/031003.htm (9674 words)

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