
	Where results make sense

Topic: Cr Cu

	Journal of Electronic Materials: Interdiffusion analysis of the soldering reactions in Sn-3.5Ag/Cu couples
		For ball-grid array (BGA) and flip-chip applications in which the Cu layer on the substrate is very thin, in particular, the interfacial reaction, such as the dissolution of Cu during soldering, becomes an important issue for the solder-joint integrity and reliability.
		The Cu concentration (7.41 ~ 9.57 at.%) in the solder was quite high and rather uniform regardless of the distance from the newly-formed interface extent at the place where n-phase islands (point 3,6) were formed.
		The uniform Cu concentration suggests that Cu dissolves into the solder until saturation, at the early stages of soldering.9 Extensive Cu dissolution in the solder is due to Ag which increases the solubility limit of Cu in Sn.12 Under the collapsed Sn-Ag-Cu area, an intermetallic phase formed as shown in Fig.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3776/is_200111/ai_n9001424 (1425 words)

	The role of molecular beam epitaxy in research on giant magnetoresistance and interlayer exchange coupling
		After this Cr wedge was coated with five monolayers of Fe, the SEMPA measurement revealed a spin polarization of the Fe [P(Fe)], opposite to Cr and with a period close to two monolayers of Cr.
		When Cu is nucleated on top of the twinned Co islands, it also develops twins (Figure 3) with vertical channels at the island interfaces.
		These channels persist to Cu overlayer thicknesses of many monolayers; if they become partially filled on subsequent deposition of Co, they can act as ferromagnetic bridges between Co layers, obscuring observation of indirect exchange coupling and causing a fraction of the sample to be ferromagnetically coupled regardless of whether oscillatory indirect exchange coupling is present.
	www.research.ibm.com /journal/rd/421/farrow.html (4654 words)

	[No title]
		To prevent Cu corrosion and interdiffusion, a barrier layer is deposited on the Cu conductors prior to application of a layer of polyimide.
		The exposed Cu regions, which depend on the type of interconnect system fabricated, may be only the top surface of the conductors; the remaining surface regions of the Cu lines are protected by the sputtered adhesion layer deposited at the beginning of seed-layer formation.
		AES Cu depth profiles are shown in Figure 6(a) for evaporated Cr, Ni, and Co, and in Figure 6(b) for electroplated Ni, electroless Co(P), and Co(B).
	www.research.ibm.com /journal/rd/425/osullivan.txt (7025 words)

	Environmental Issues on the use of CCA treated wood
		For this field study the Cu, Cr, and As content in soils under decks built with CCA treated wood was determined.
		The overall average Cu, Cr, As content in the soil samples, as well as those from each individual site, was elevated with respect to the averages in the control soils.
		The proportions of Cu, Cr, and As found in the soil were consistent with the results of simulated leaching studies.
	www.caes.state.ct.us /FactSheetFiles/AnalyticalChemistry/fsAC001f.htm (1503 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Today there are several variations, but in general, the C4 metallurgy involves a chromium (Cr) underlayer, a chromium-copper (Cr-Cu) interlayer and a Cu overcoat.
		This top copper layer may be further electroplated with Cu, coated with solder (by electroplating, evaporation or screen printing) or coated with gold for oxidation prevention.
		A phased transition from the metal adhering to the top level device metal, aluminum, to a solderable or plateable material, typically Cu, is desired for excellent mechanical properties such as bump shear and bump pull strength.
	www.reed-electronics.com /SEMICONDUCTOR/index.asp?layout=articlePrint&articleID=CA164144 (1449 words)

	IEA Coal Research Collaborative Program on Modes of Occurrence of Trace Elements in Coal: Results from the Energy & ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This approach was most effective for evaluating the modes of occurrence of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn, but was ineffective for evaluating Sb because of analytical limitations (e.g., low sensitivity and interferences).
		Cu and Zn are widely distributed among the minerals analyzed (illite, mixed clays, ankerite, siderite, and kaolinite).
		Cu and Zn are primarily associated with siderite.
	www.eerc.und.nodak.edu /catm/program_summaries/area2d.html (384 words)

	Journal of Electronic Materials: Prevention of spalling by the self-formed reaction barrier layer on controlled ...
		The Cr layer is for the adhesion purpose and the Ni layer is the wettable metal bond pad.
		The Cu in the compound layer on the Ni UBM side has to be contributed from the dissolution of the opposite Cu metal pad or Cu-Sn compound layer.
		Once Cu atoms reached Ni UBM, a layer of Cu-Sn compound formed on the Ni UBM, which effectively blocked Ni atoms; that is why we could not find noticeable Ni atoms in the Cu-Sn compound layer on the Cu pad.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3776/is_200301/ai_n9178487 (1377 words)

	Electrolessly deposited diffusion barriers for microelectronics
		However, a 1000-Å-thick Cr, similarly formed by evaporation, is a very effective diffusion barrier, although its use is impractical owing to the number of process steps required for its deposition and subsequent patterning.
		Since in real packaging parts the minimum Cu thickness is greater than 2 µm, the effective volume of interaction is always included in the Cu layer, and the emitted radiation should not reflect variations in the thickness of Cu.
		A 2-µm Cu layer was evaporated on silicon wafers.
	www.research.ibm.com /journal/rd/425/osullivan.html (6092 words)

	Arsenic in Pressure Treated Wood
		The potential toxicity of Cu, Cr, and As to humans, animals, and plants is well documented.
		We found that the average amounts of Cu, Cr, and As (mg/kg) in soils under decks were, 75 Cu, 43 Cr, and 76 As compared to 17 Cu, 20 Cr, and 4 As in control soils.
		Moreover, at each site, the average Cu, Cr, As content in the soil samples taken beneath the deck was elevated with respect to the average in the control soils, and these amounts in the soil tended to increase with deck age.
	www.caes.state.ct.us /PlantScienceDay/1999PSD/arsenic99.htm (1833 words)

	[No title]
		Cu surface protected from wear by a chrome surface layer.
		Cu and Cr are dominant surfaces for gravure- it is important to understand principles of electroplating.
		Electroplating is the transport of metal in its ionized form, and deposit of metal in its metal, non-ionized form- which aid to flow the electric current through the electrolyte.
	www.wmich.edu /ppse/pekarovicova/041199.html (2180 words)

	Ocarnia Songs
		Epona’s Song- CU, CL, CR, CU, CL, CR After visiting Zelda the first time, head to Lon Lon Ranch, talk to Malon and take out your ocarina and she’ll teach you the song.
		Minuet of Forest- A, CU, CL, CR, CL, CR Warps you to the entrance of forest temple, in the sacred forest meadow.
		Sernade of Water- A, CD, CR, CR, CL Warps you to Lake Hylia, the entrance to the Water Temple.
	www.angelfire.com /az2/zelda/ocarina.html (502 words)

	The geochemical cycling of trace elements in a biogenic meromictic lake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The geochemical processes affecting the behavior and speciation of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in Hall Lake, Washington, USA, are assessed by examining dissolved and acid soluble particulate profiles of the elements and utilizing results from thermodynamic calculations.
		Changes in the redox state of the water column wtih depth affect the distribution of all the elements studied.
		Thermodynamic calculations for the anoxic region indicate that that all redox sensitive elements exist in their reduced forms, the primary dissolved forms of Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn are metal sulfide solution complexes, and solid sulfide phases of Cu, Fe, Mo, and Pb are supersaturated.
	www.geophys.washington.edu /USGS/DOCS/ABSTRACTS/bal94.html (218 words)

	Activation of MAPKs in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to metals -- Samet et al. 275 (3): 551 -- AJP - Lung ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		BEAS cells were incubated for 15 min with medium alone (Ct), with 500 µM sodium arsenite (As), chromium trioxide (Cr III), potassium perchromate (Cr VI), cupric sulfate (Cu), ferrous sulfate (Fe), nickel sulfate (Ni), vanadyl sulfate (V), or zinc sulfate (Zn), or with 100 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
		BEAS cells were treated with medium alone (Ct), sodium arsenite (As), chromium trioxide (Cr), cupric sulfate (Cu), vanadyl sulfate (V), or zinc sulfate (Zn) for 20 min, the cells were lysed, and ERK2 (A) and P38 (C) were immunoprecipitated using agarose-conjugated antibodies.
		The metals Cu and Cr are not known to be phosphatase inhibitors.
	ajplung.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/3/L551 (5516 words)

	[No title]
		CU CL CR CU CL CR Who : You learn this from Malon when you talk to her as young Link.
		CR CD CU CR CD CU Where : You learn this in the royal families tomb as young Link.
		CR A CD CR A CD Who : Shiek, when you have all the spiritual stones.
	home.aland.net /toffe.eriksson/zelda/ocarina.htm (413 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Fur Elise Cu, Z-Cu, Cu, Z-Cu, Cu, Cr, D-Cr, Z-Cl, U-Cd, A, UCd< r, Z-Cl, A, Cr, Z-Cl, Z-U-Cl 8.
		Mary Had a Little Lamb Cl, Cr, D-Cr, Cr, 3-Cl, 3-Cr, Cl, 2-Cu 25.
		One Week (Barenaked Ladies) NOTE Due to the many harmonies of Barenaked Ladies, and a battle of melodies ensuing between the authors, which ended in a draw, there are two versions of the second part of the song.
	www.zeldalegends.net /files/games/zelda64/guides/z64fun.txt (3759 words)

	[No title]
		Cr (chromium) µg/g Cr qualifier Cr det. lim.
		Cu (copper) µg/g Cu qualifier Cu det. lim.
		to be ""anomalous and unrealistically elevated""" 1/10/1985 1 10 1985 6.3 0.01 90 0.01 1770 c: Cu value in upper 0.3% for database.
	pubs.usgs.gov /of/2002/of02-403/Files/INOR2002.txt (7547 words)

	Nintendo Code Book - David Dayton
		If you complete all sixteen races in first, you will have 160 points and the championship.
		cR cL cU cD cU U D cL
		Or, enter one of the following passwords: L U cD cL cR cU cL D cD U cU cL cU L cD cL cD U cU cL cR L cL U cD U L Dx2 cLx2 cR
	www.potchgult.com /codebook/chapn_20.htm (656 words)

	Memories of Zelda :: Majora's Mask :: Songs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Song of Time: CR, A, CD, CR, A, CD The song of time can be recieved once you get the Ocarina of Time back for the first time.
		Song of Healing: CL, CR, CD, CL, CR, CD The song of healing can be learned from the Happy Mask Salesman for the first time once you retrieve the ocarina back.
		Song of Storms: A, CD, CU, A, CD, CU This can summon a rain storm for a short amount of time or until you leave the screen.
	www.memoriesofzelda.com /mmsongs.php (423 words)

	JAWMA Paper: Measurements of Trace Metal (Fe, Cu, Mn, Cr) Oxidation States in Fog and Stratus Clouds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The oxidation state of four transition metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr) in cloudwater has been investigated during sev-eral cloud events at Whiteface Mountain (NY), one cloud event at San Pedro Hill (CA), and one fog event at Bakers-field (CA).
		Cu(I) and Cu(II) were calculated to be predominantly Cu + and Cu 2+ (with less than 10% as Cu(II)-oxalate com- plexes).
		In the model, Cu(II) and Mn(II) were the predominant oxidation states during daylight and nighttime conditions with Cu(I) and Mn(III) increas- ing during daylight conditions.
	www.awma.org /Journal/ShowAbstract.asp?Year=1998&PaperID=454 (531 words)

	Scot Forge - Questions & Answers for Copper & Copper Alloys
		I am hoping that you would be able to achieve at least 50ksi tensile strength and a 35 ksi yield strength?
		Achieving these properties may be possible utilizing cold work to strengthen the material, however, this processing route sacrifices ductility.
		This is a precipitation hardening alloy which allows manipulation of the Cr within the alloy to achieve a homogenous material with the desired strength without sacrificing ductility.
	www.scotforge.com /sf_qacopperalloys.htm (251 words)

	InfoNatura Species Index: Family Parulidae
		BS, BZ, CR, CU, GT, MX, SV Vermivora ruficapilla
		BS, BZ, CR, CU, DO, GT, HN, HT, JM, KY, MX, PA, SV, TC Vermivora virginiae
		CR, GT, HN, MX, NI, PA, SV Dendroica fusca
	www.natureserve.org /infonatura/speciesIndex/Family_Parulidae_100349_1.htm (1569 words)

	HotCheats.com The Legend Of Zelda: Ocarina Of Time Cheats Zelda 64 Nintendo 64 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A, Cu, Cd, Cl, Cr: A, C-Up, C-Down, C-left, C-Right Z, R: Press Z and/or R with the A or C button U, D: Push analog stick up or down with the A or C button
		The following songs were submitted by John j-jasmin@nwu.edu I added a few notes on the first, and changed the second one in the tiniest little bit to make it easier to play.
		Cd, Z-Cl, R-Cu, Cu, Z-Cl, D-Cr, R-Cl, U-R-Cu These songs were sent in by Noobster1 noobster1@aol.com Both are checked and sound good.
	www.hotcheats.com /legendofzeldaocarinaoftimecheatsnintendo64.html (4415 words)

	TCC Confidential » Blog Archive » CR CU?
		Like the soapbox of olden days, one of the grand promises of the World Wide Web has been the ability for every man, woman and child to not only speak out, but to be able to reach anyone with similar interest.
		It’s all well and good to hear what other folks say about the car you like, but CR is letting readers narrow the search down to an incredible level.
		A mom looking for a minivan for her three kids can automatically skip by reviews posted by a company using the van for airport shuttle service.
	www.thecarconnection.com /blog?p=93 (348 words)

	Electrochemistry Obj B Solutions
		electrons flow from Cr to Au where they are picked up by Au d.
		So, yes Cu is a stronger reducing agent than Fe b.
		Increase in mass: Cu Decrease in mass: Cr (because it turns into Cr Cell voltage: E = 1.25 V
	www.emsb.qc.ca /laurenhill/science/eleobjb.html (681 words)

	InfoNatura Species Index: Family Parulidae
		CR, GT, HN, MX, NI, PA, SV Geothlypis trichas
		BZ, CR, GT, HN, MX, NI, PA, SV Microligea palustris
		BS, BZ, CO, CR, CU, DO, GT, HN, HT, JM, MX, NI, PA, PR, SV Wilsonia canadensis
	www.natureserve.org /infonatura/speciesIndex/Family_Parulidae_100349_2.htm (1010 words)

	Dry Qualitative Unknowns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Hg Cu Cr Mn Ba NH Pb Bi Al Mn Zn Sr Mg K
		Ag Hg Sb Cr Mn Ba Sr NH Bi Hg Sn Fe Mn Ca Mg Na Pb Cu Hg Sb Cr Mn Zn Sr Mg K
		All qualitative analysis knowns and unknowns are for laboratory use only and to be used under the supervision of a trained laboratory instructor.
	www.thornsmithlabs.com /dryquals.shtml (497 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		and k, it is clearly shown that the Cu (II) biosorption is strongly affected by the presence of Cr(VI), since the presence of Cr(VI) as a binary metal ion has a strong synergistic effect.
		which then increases the net of negatively charged functional groups that enhances the biosorption of Cu(II) to the biomass (Geiger 1996; He and Tebo, 1998).Whereas the presence of the other metal ions with or without Cr in the Cu (II) biosorption mixture have a significant antagonistic effect in the Cu (II) biosorption.
		For Cd(II) and Ni(II) biosorption, the presence of any metal ion in their biosorption mixture as binary or as a mixture of all has a strong antagonistic effect on their biosorption processes.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?ej04005 (2910 words)

	PlanetTonyHawk - A Member of the GameSpy Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		CR, R, CR, D, L, U, CR Wire Frame
		CU, CU, CU, L, U, CD, CD Sim Mode
		CU, CD, U, D, CU, CD, U, D, CR, CL, CR, CL, CR Note - Codes followed by a (*) symbol indicate that you need to restart your run in order for these codes to be activated.
	www.planettonyhawk.com /THPS3/codes/n64 (357 words)

	PlanetTonyHawk - A Member of the GameSpy Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		CL, CD, CR, D, CU, CU Kid Mode
		CD, CR, CR, CU, U, D, R, L
		CU, D, L, CL, CD, CU, CR Big Head
	www.planettonyhawk.com /codes/thps2/n64 (806 words)

	AMBIENT WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR SILVER
		Relationship between glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and aspartate amino transferase activities, scope for growth and body burden of Ag, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn in populations of Mytilus edulis from a polluted estuary.
		Concentrations of Cr, Ag, Mo, Ni, Co and Mn in suspended material in streams.
		Distribution of the elements in some major units of the earth's crust.
	wlapwww.gov.bc.ca /wat/wq/BCguidelines/silver/bcsilver-44.htm (2978 words)

	Effects of Thermal and Mechanical Processing on Microstructures and Desired Properties of Particle-Strengthened ...
		Mechanical milling (MM) of Cu-4 Cr-2 Nb and Cu-8 Cr-2 Nb produced an increase in hot pressed Vickers hardness of 122% and 96%, respectively.
		The increase in hardness was more due to Cu grain-size refinement than to Cr2Nb refinement.
		This study also demonstrated enhanced stability of MM Cu-4 Cr-2 Nb.
	gltrs.grc.nasa.gov /cgi-bin/GLTRS/browse.pl?2000/CR-2000-209812.html (482 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)