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Topic: Craft unionism

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	Craft unionism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Craft unionism refers to an approach to union organizing in the United States and elsewhere that seeks to unify workers in a particular industry along the lines of the particular craft or trade that they work in.
		Craft unionism is perhaps best exemplified by many of the construction unions that formed the backbone of the old American Federation of Labor (which later merged with the industrial unions of the Congress of Industrial Organizations to form the AFL-CIO).
		Craft unionism has not, however, disappeared: it is still the norm in the airline industry, survives despite much upheaval in the construction industry, and even appears, in very muted form, in some mass production industries, such as automobile manufacturing, where skilled trades employees have pressed their own agendas within the union.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Craft_unionism (1464 words)

	Industrial unionism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Industrial unionism is a labor union organizing method through which all workers in the same industry are organized into the same union -- regardless of skill or trade -- thus giving workers in one industry, or in all industries, more leverage in bargaining and in strike situations.
		Industrial unionism contrasts with craft unionism, which organizes workers along lines of their specific trades, even if leads to multiple union locals (with different contracts) in the same workplace.
		Verity Burgmann asserts in Revolutionary industrial unionism that the IWW in Australia provided an alternate form of labour organising, to be contrasted with the Laborism of the Australian Labor Party and the Bolshevik Communism of the Communist Party of Australia.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Industrial_unionism (413 words)

	Hoxie, Trade Unionism in the United States: Library of Economics and Liberty
		Though unionism itself is so pragmatic and therefore so protean as to warrant the rejection of all attempts to characterize and judge it as a whole, it has seemingly developed along certain fairly distinct general lines giving rise thus to types sufficiently definite to allow of legitimate generalization in regard to them.
		Examples of this variety of unionism are to be found in the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Tin, and Steel Workers of North America, the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen of North America, the International Association of Machinists, the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electrical Railway Employees of America.
		This variety of unionism is one in which the constituent craft or amalgamated craft unions retain their individual sovereignty, yet appear and act as a single organization with respect to designated affairs of common interest.
	www.econlib.org /LIBRARY/Essays/JPE/hxTUUS1.html (4096 words)

	12. Will Birth Control Help the Cause of Labor? Sanger, Margaret. 1920. Woman and the New Race (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The basic principle of craft unionism is limitation of the number of workers in a given trade.
		Craft unionism has succeeded in attaining these insofar as it has been able to apply this principle.
		Craft unions, by limiting the number of men available for any one trade, manage to procure better pay, shorter hours and other advantages for their members.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/1013/12.html (2220 words)

	Craft Union or Industrial Union
		The AMFA drive, which appears to be rapidly evolving into an industry-wide movement, is in reality the continuation of a struggle between the craft unionism concept of workers organizations versus the theory of industrial unionism.
		AMFA supporters are generally adherents to the craft ideology, which holds that labor unions derive the bulk of their strength from member's skill, not simply the sheer number of workers, and should be organized accordingly.
		The old craft unions of the AFL became jealous of the growth and wealth enjoyed by the CIO organizations and began to actively recruit unskilled workers.
	www.angelfire.com /ok/yorktown77/Craft.html (493 words)

	Craft unionism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It contrasts with (Click link for more info and facts about industrial unionism) industrial unionism, in which all workers in the same industry are organized into the same union, regardless of differences in skill.
		They not only extolled the dignity of work and the dignity of the master worker, but frequently defined themselves by what they were not: to that end, craft unions often developed rigid entrance requirements that excluded women, immigrants, (An American whose ancestors were born in Africa) African-Americans and other minority workers.
		These craft distinctions in the railroad industry were remarkably long-lived; the (Click link for more info and facts about Railway Labor Act) Railway Labor Act, passed in 1925, recognized the prevailing pattern of division of the workforce into "crafts" and "classes" and the separate craft patterns persisted into the late twentieth century.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/cr/craft_unionism.htm (1234 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		There has been a ceaseless repetition of this form of scabbing of one craft union upon another until the workingman, if his eyes are open, is bound to see that this kind of unionism is a curse and not a benefit to the working class.
		You saw about six thousand craft union men go out on strike, and you saw their fellow unionists remain at work loyally until all the strikers were defeated and sacrificed.
		Craft division incites craft jealousy, and so they are more or less in conflict with each other, and the employer constructively takes advantage of this fact, and that is why he favors pure and simple unionism.
	www.cat.org.au /aprop/indus.txt (5597 words)

	Trade union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most typically, a single union will represent workers in a particular industry (industrial unionism) or craft (craft unionism), within all or part of a country.
		Additionally, guilds, like some craft unions today, were highly restrictive in their membership and only included artisans who practiced a specific trade.
		Since the publication of the History of Trade Unionism (1894) by Sidney and Beatrice Webb, the predominant historical view is that a trade union "...is a continuous association of wage earners for the purpose of maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment" (Webb).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Labor_union (3134 words)

	New Labor Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Craft unions emerged in the early 19th century as an increasing number of craft workers were transformed from selfemployed artisans to wage laborers.
		Craft unions linked those who were subject to this competition: workers in the same craft.
		General unionism represents in part a response to the breakdown of traditional boundaries among industries in the era of "networked production." But general unionism also represents an abandonment of the core union goal of uniting all those workers who are in competition with each other.
	www.villageorpillage.org /labor/disintegratedcorporations.htm (4859 words)

	The CAW, Birth and Transformation of a Union - Introduction
		Craft unionism had emerged in the mid-1800s, when skilled workers came together to form the first significant and lasting unions in Canada.
		This form of unionism organized workers according to their specific skills; for example, a toolmaker belonged to one union and a pipefitter to another, even if both were in the same workplace.
		The movement for industrial unionism called forth a vision of a new kind of working class institution that was independent of its bosses and that had enough staying power to win immediate demands, move towards broader reforms, and possibly even transform society.
	www.caw.ca /whoweare/ourhistory/cawhistory/intro.html (2336 words)

	Craft unionism in the 19th century (from organized labour) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Breakup of the postwar settlement: Inflation, neocorporatism, and restructuring
		More results on "Craft unionism in the 19th century (from organized labour)" when you join.
		Formed to improve wage levels and working conditions, craft unions were established in Britain and the United States in the middle of the 19th century.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-66936?tocId=66936 (977 words)

	American Federation of Labor Online Research :: Information about American Federation of Labor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		While the union was founded and dominated by Craft unionism throughout the first fifty years of its existence, many of its craft union affiliates turned to organizing on an Industrial unionism basis to meet the challenge from the CIO in the 1940s.
		The AFL's "business unionism" favored pursuit of workers' immediate demands, rather than challenging the rights of owners under Capitalism, and took a pragmatic, and often pessimistic, view of politics that favored tactical support for particular politicians over formation of a party devoted to workers' interests.
		The craft unions in this industry organized their own department within the AFL in 1908, despite the reservations of Gompers and other leaders about creation of a separate body within the AFL that might function as a federation within a federation.
	in-northcarolina.com /search/American_Federation_of_Labor.html (1859 words)

	Articles - Congress of Industrial Organizations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Those who favored craft unionism believed that the most effective way to represent workers was to defend the advantages they had secured through their skills.
		Craft unionists were therefore opposed to organizing workers on an industrial basis, i.e., into unions that represented all of the production workers in a particular enterprise, rather than in separate units divided along craft lines.
		The proponents of industrial unionism, on the other hand, generally believed that these craft distinctions may have been appropriate in those industries in which craft unions had flourished, such as construction or printing, but that they were unworkable in industries such as steel or auto production.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Congress_of_Industrial_Organizations (3804 words)

	Revolutionary Trade Unionism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This coupled to the example of comparatively successful craft unionism led on to the organisation of whole new layers of unskilled and semi-skilled workers, less stable, with a heavy turnover of members and more prone to the effects of any economic downturn but making up in numbers what they lacked in other respects.
		Influenced by the French direct activists and the dual unionism of De Leon and the IWW they quickly discovered that, whatever the universal validity of the notion of independent revolutionary class action, the transposition of American and French theories to the British scene was doomed to failure.
		The transformation of the brave notion of industrial unionism as the harbinger of the new society into its opposite was not considered, nor could it have been, by the men who formed the IWW in 1905.
	www.whatnextjournal.co.uk /Pages/History/Higgins2.html (10538 words)

	AMFA and Craft Unionism - AMFA2000
		AMFA is a union that was founded over 30 years ago based on the principles of craft unionism.
		Craft unionism advocates that, the skills and knowledge of the union members are the strength of the union.
		The ideals of craft unionism are to raise the standard of skills of its membership, to recognize its members as skilled professionals and to seek fair and equitable compensation for its members.
	www.amfa2000.org /i_craft.shtml (481 words)

	Craft unionism
		There are two broad philosophies in the union movement: craft, or trade unionism, and industrial unionism:
		The other notable union philosophy is industrial unionism.
		Industrial unionism puts all workers in a particular industry into the same union.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/craft_unionism (650 words)

	Britain1
		His key argument is that this pattern, though it suffered shocks and spasmodic challenges and excluded the poor, was consolidated during the economic prosperity of the later nineteenth century, not by a conspiracy of social control but by the incremental accommodation of "responsible" trade unionists, reforming administrators and powerful employers.
		He emphasises that the development of a "respectable and responsible" craft trade unionism in the second half of the nineteenth century provided the basis for relatively peaceful relations between these unions and progressive employers, and a sympathetic political response to the argument that the constraining legal framework of industrial relations required reform.
		The entrenched position of craft unions meant that less skilled workers were organised by rival industrial and general unions, thus creating the patchwork of British trade unionism.
	www.warwick.ac.uk /~syrdh/cwepages/Britain1.htm (4342 words)

	Revolutionary Unionism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is equally true that mere craft unionism, no matter how well it may be organized, is in the present highly developed capitalist system utterly unable to successfully cope with the capitalist class.
		They are exceedingly fond of them, because they know enough about their own interests to know that the craft unions are not only not a menace to them, but are in fact bulwarks of defense to them.
		He has been taught in the craft union that he is a very dependent creature; that without a leader the goblins would get him without a doubt, and he therefore instinctively looks to his leader.
	www.marxists.org /archive/debs/works/1905/revunion.htm (5530 words)

	Workers and Electoral Politics
		Unfortunately for the craft unionists, the bosses were not always as consistent in their commitment to collaboration.
		The craft unionists thought it would be improper for them to have their own political party.
		With the indispensable help of the Communist Party the old craft union electoral philosophy was salvaged in the CIO as well as the AF of L, and the promising movement for a Labor Party deferred.
	www.kclabor.org /threemajorstrategies.htm (1713 words)

	Cradle of Collective Bargaining
		The resurgent craft unionism of the American Federation of Labor in the United States, and the Trades and Labour Congress in Canada, took their place.
		In 1888, Hamilton craft unionists, led by men like John Flett, a local carpenter, and the first American Federation of Labor organizer in Canada, formed the Hamilton Trades and Labour Council.
		Craft unionists battled industrial unionists each claiming to be the sole and legitimate representative of the Hamilton labour movement.
	www.humanities.mcmaster.ca /%7Ecradle/html/unionism1.htm (1996 words)

	AMT Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		o help you understand a little about what craft unionism is all about, the following tells you a bit about a craft union that has been representing select groups of aircraft maintenance personnel for 30 years.
		This is how they have continued the battle for their craft for 30 years.
		Now is the time to open the window of opportunity for one day the sleeping giant (the technician) will awaken and see that craft unionism is his only survival.
	www.the-mechanic.com /chuck01.html (728 words)

	The Negro and Industrial Unionism
		The Negro has had little success in being admitted to craft unions and it is only logical that when another labor movement, industrial unionism appears, that he should be interested to know how it is to function and what it holds to him.
		Before the outbreak of the warfare between the industrial and the craft unions, the position of the Negro in organized labor had reached a desperate state.
		Unlike craft unionism which seeks to organize laborers according to the process in which they are engaged, industrial unionism organize the workers according to the product manufactured.
	www.nathanielturner.com /negroandindustrialunionism.htm (986 words)

	Does the A. F. of L. Face a Split? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The purely and distinctly craft union organization, on the other hand, was unable to penetrate the great industrial plants and the stubborn insistence on paper jurisdictional claims rendered these unions utterly ineffective as weapons of struggle in any serious onslaught made by the big monopoly concerns.
		From the mere question of industrial unionism vs. craft unionism, important as this is, new questions and new issues from the fire of the class struggle enter in to deepen and broaden the conflict.
		From the purely narrow craft union movement the possibilities are opened up for a transition toward a class movement of the American workers.
	www.marxists.org /history/etol/document/swp-us/aflsplit.htm (1836 words)

	ipedia.com: Industrial unionism Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Industrial Unionism is a union organizing method through which all workers in the same industry are organized into the same union -- regardless of skill or trade -- thus giving workers in one industry...
		Industrial Unionism is a union organizing method through which all workers in the same industry are organized into the same union -- regardless of skill or trade -- thus giving workers in one industry, or in all industries, more leverage in bargaining and in strike situations.
		Unions like the Industrial Workers of the World organized industrially and sought to unite the entire working class into One Big Union which would struggle for improved working conditions and wages in the short term, while working to overthrow capitalism through a general strike, after which the union would manage production.
	www.ipedia.com /industrial_unionism.html (208 words)

	Congress Of Industrial Organizations Unionism... - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Many of the opponents of industrial unionism were also motivated by a general disdain for industrial...
		CIO In the United States unionism in some form is almost as...
		Industrial unionism is a type of labour organization...
	organizations.fabug.com /index.php?k=congress-of-industrial-organizations-unionism... (1009 words)

	United Apart: Gender and the Rise of Craft Unionism
		Despite her detailed accounts, it remains difficult to discern exactly what is meant by this "social construction." If the issue was the quite real female exclusion from craft entry, it is not clear why strikes should be the unit of analysis.
		If we are to discern the extent to which skill is socially constructed to the detriment of women, we need to know what limited entry into specific crafts, how women acquired their skills, and the extent of the investment (economic, social and psychological) necessary to achieve skill.
		The fact is that the craft of cigar making was in a retreat that no appeal to cross gender solidarity could, or would, stop.
	www.eh.net /bookreviews/library/0910.shtml (1089 words)

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