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	Crag - LoveToKnow 1911
		The word appears in many place-names in the north of England and in Scotland, and is also connected with "carrick," a word of similar meaning, also found in place-names.
		In geology, the term is applied to the strata in which a shelly sand deposit is found, and, in the expression "crag and tail," to a formation of hills, in which one side is precipitous and lofty and the other slopes or "tails" gradually away, as in the Castle Rock in Edinburgh.
		This page was last modified 12:19, 6 Oct 2006.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Crag (102 words)

	Crag and tail - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Salisbury Crags to the left and Arthur's Seat to the right, with their tails sloping east to the right.
		A crag (sometimes spelled cragg, or in Scotland craig) is a rocky hill or mountain, generally isolated from other high ground.
		Crags are formed when a glacier or ice-sheet passes over an area that contains a particularly resilient chunk of rock (often a granite plug or some volcanic structure).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crag_and_tail (264 words)

	Glacial Erosion: Striations, Roche Moutonnee and Craig and Tail
		Glacial Erosion: Striations, Roche Moutonnee and Craig and Tail
		The smooth upstream slope is probably caused by abrasion as the ice advances over the rock, and the rough 'tail' is due to the action of plucking where ice has attached to the rock and literally pulled rock fragments away.
		A crag and tail is a larger rock mass than a roche moutonnee.
	www.geography-site.co.uk /pages/physical/glaciers/stria.html (460 words)

	Rock Climbing Forums: Climbing Information: General: more on dogs at the crag
		I work as a Backcountry Ranger for BC Parks and when in comes to enforcement issues, the hardest and most frustrating aspect of my job is enforcing the laws we have regarding park visitors and their dogs.
		I choose to leave her at home, rather than taking her to the crag, because most of the time, the dog situation is uncomfortable.
		If I'm going bouldering or cragging to a place where I'm pretty sure there won't be others around Zacho will accompany me. Otherwise she gets to chase squirrels in the back yard.
	www.rockclimbing.com /forums/viewtopic.php?p=1329040 (3569 words)

	[No title]
		A crag and tail is an elongate hill that has at one end a steep face of ice-smoothed rock and at the leeward end a tapering streamlined tail of till.
		Volcanic rocks were more resistant to erosion than surrounding sedimentary rocks and developed westwards facing crags with gentle lee slopes aligned towards the east.
		The flanks of the Crag and Tail features are often over-deepened by diverted ice, leading to the formation of lakes.
	members.lycos.co.uk /geogonline/Gldl2.htm (370 words)

	Crag and tail - Gurupedia
		The Abbey Craig, a crag with tail near The University of Stirling.
		The force of the glacier erodes the surrounding softer material, leaving the rocky block standing proud from the surrounding terrain.
		Frequently the crag serves as a partial shelter to softer material in the wake of the glacier, which remains as a gradual fan or ridge forming a tapered ramp (called the tail) up the leeward side of the crag.
	www.gurupedia.com /c/cr/crag.htm (200 words)

	Crag and tail
		A crag (sometimes spelled cragg, or in Scotland craig) is arocky hill or mountain, generally isolated from other high ground.
		Crags are formed when a glacier or ice-sheet passes over an area that contains a particularly resilient chunk of rock (often a grantic plug or other volcanic structure).
		In older examples, or those which are latterly surrounded by the sea, the tail is often missing, having been removed bypost-glacial erosion.
	www.therfcc.org /crag-and-tail-137950.html (133 words)

	Drumlins and Diluvial Currents
		The tail frequently descends from the very summit of the hill in a smooth, gentle slope whose length depends upon the height of the boss: it may range from several kilometres to only a few metres....
		The tail may be solid or may consist of drift...
		Tails of drift are very common; crags resemble boulders in a river bed with tails of sedi- ment pointing downstream - the resemblance led Sir J. Hall to invoke strong currents for the Scottish crags and tails.
	www.sentex.net /~tcc/drumlin1.html (5083 words)

	Crag and Tail features
		From the high point on the path beneath Salisbury Crags, looking west it is possible to see Castle Rock and Blackford Hill.
		Both are Crag and Tail features with the crag facing west.
		Salisbury Crags is a similar feature, although enhanced by quarrying activity.
	www.geos.ed.ac.uk /undergraduate/field/holyrood/cragtail.html (103 words)

	Overview of Salisbury Crags (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Situated in Holyrood Park, less than a half-mile (1 km) south east of Princes Street, the Crags represent the glaciated remains of a Carboniferous sill, injected between sedimentary rocks which formed in a shallow sea some 340 million years ago.
		Salisbury Crags are of great significance in the development of modern geology.
		He was able to use this evidence to disprove the suggestion of the influential German, Abraham Werner, that all rocks had crystallised from a supposed primordial sea.
	www.geo.ed.ac.uk /scotgaz/features/featurefirst250.html (228 words)

	Fauna in Yeoor Hills
		Little Cormorant: This bird is Black with a small white throat patch, with a long stiff tail.
		Little Green Heron: It is flish grey in colour and has a crown and crest greenish fl, with chin and throat white.
		Common Pariah Kite: This bird is distinguished by it's forked tail.
	www.borivlinationalpark.com /y_fauna.htm (1107 words)

	Edinburgh - holidays in Edinburgh - hotels in Edinburgh
		The street layout, typical of the old quarters of many northern European cities, is made especially picturesque in Edinburgh, where the castle perches on top of a rocky crag, the remnants of a dormant volcano, and the main street runs down the crest of a ridge from it.
		The topography for the city is known as "crag and tail" and was created during the ice age when receding glaciers scored across the land pushing soft soil aside but being split by harder crags of volcaninc rock.
		The hilltop crag was the earliest part of the city to develop, becoming fortified and eventually developing into the current Edinburgh Castle.
	www.vacanzalastminute.com /travel/edinburgh.shtml (1936 words)

	crag - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about crag (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		As the glacier passed up and over the crag, weaker rock on the far side was largely protected from erosion and formed a tapering ridge, or tail, of debris.
		An example of a crag-and-tail feature is found in Edinburgh in Scotland;; Edinburgh Castle was built on the crag (Castle Rock), which dominates the city beneath.
		Verily it is neither-but beware how thou lettest the rope slip too rapidly through thy fingers; for should the wicker-work chance to hang on the projection of Yonder crag, there will be a woful outpouring of the holy things of the sanctuary.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /crag (242 words)

	Charliesbirdblog: Crag Martins and Rock Martins, Doha, Qatar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		After a morning's birding in Doha, Qatar I found a small flock of Martins flying around the outside of the hotel I was staying at.
		Thanks to the birders - particularly Nick Moran and Raffael - who responded I am now happy that I was seeing both Crag and Rock Martins, and that the Rock Martins were typical for the region and the photographs were probably affected by the light conditions.
		Oh, please note that views and opinions expressed in this blog are the author's own and are not to be considered in any way representative of the mandate or policies of Birds Korea or of any other organisation or individual.
	www.charliesbirdblog.com /~charlie/cragmartinDOHA/cragmartinDOHA.html (216 words)

	Introduction to Stirling
		With the melting of the glacier ice the crag and tail formation that marks both the town of Stirling and the City of Edinburgh, was revealed.
		Ice, pushing its way past a huge volcanic plug (the crag), deposited debris on the far side of that plug (the tail).
		Extensive demolition and rebuilding on the castle hill, especially during the 1930s to 1950s, have radically changed the face of the old town.
	members.tripod.com /~CunninghamC/BowieStirling/StirlingHistory-2.html (945 words)

	Roosevelt, Theodore. 1896. Ranch Life and the Hunting-Trail: IX. The Ranchman's Rifle on Crag and Prairie
		All the landscape glimmered white with the new-fallen snow, and in the west the sky was still red with the wintry sunset.
		Suddenly a great buck came out of a grove of snow-laden cedars, and walked with swift strides up to the point of a crag that overlooked the valley.
		There he stood motionless while I crouched unseen in the shadow beneath.
	www.bartleby.com /54/9.html (5836 words)

	EGS - Sites worth visiting
		Arthur's Seat and Salisbury Crags dominate the Edinburgh skyline, and a climb to the top of either offers a fantastic view across the city and beyond - the summit of Arthur's Seat is 251m (823 feet), and Salisbury Crags is 122m (400 feet).
		Salisbury Crags is a large sill that was emplaced long after the volcano became extinct.
		Tilting of the local rock and the subsequent erosion of the overlying sedimentary rocks by glaciers during the last ice age, have exposed the sill on the western slopes (the crag), and the underlying sedimentary rocks on the eastern slopes (the tail).
	www.edinburghgeolsoc.org /o_sites.html (1813 words)

	Edinburgh City, The capital of Scotland
		The topography for the city is known as "crag and tail" and was created during the ice age when receeding glaciers scored across the land pushing soft soil aside but being split by harder crags of volcaninc rock.
		The hilltop crag was the earliest part of the city to develop, becoming fortified and eventually developing into the current Edinburgh Castle.
		The crag is a collection of side vents of the main volcano on which Edinburgh is built.
	edinburghcity.world-guide.info (4189 words)

	Edinburgh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Some 320 million years ago, the cores of several volcanic vents in the area cooled and solidified to form tough basalt volcanic plugs, then, during the last ice age, glaciers eroded the area, exposing the plug as a rocky crag to the west, and leaving a tail of material swept to the east.
		The resulting crag and tail landform now forms the Castle Rock, and the narrow steep sided ridge which the Royal Mile follows.
		To the south the view is dominated by Edinburgh Castle, perched atop the extinct volcanic crag, and the long sweep of the Old Town trailing after it along the ridge.
	www.globalguide.org /index.html?id=100006 (3772 words)

	[No title]
		Third, solid materials, constituting the tail (possibly the nucleus also), which are ponderable, which reflect the sun's light, and are carried along under the influence of the nucleus of the comet.
		There is a continual movement of the particles of the tail, operated upon by the attraction and repulsion of the sun.
		"The breadth of the tail of the great comet of 1811, at its widest part, was nearly fourteen million miles, the length one hundred and sixteen million miles, and that of the second comet of the same year, one hundred and forty million miles." * On page 95 is a representation of this monster.
	fax.libs.uga.edu /GN751xD685/1f/ragnarok.txt (14735 words)

	GCHXMH - A Traditional Cache in United Kingdom called Crag & Tail created by Haggis Hunter
		This is the original cache type consisting, at a bare minimum, a container and a log book.
		Rising to 133m (435 feet) and certainly settled by the 2nd century AD.
		Running down a ridge to the east is the Royal Mile, this ridge having been left following the action of glaciers, which flowed from the west removing the surrounding softer rock, but leaving this 'tail' in the lee of the Castle Rock.
	www.geocaching.com /seek/cache_details.aspx?guid=d69e7bd1-0ef1-41e6-83dc-e0cd55c44473 (912 words)

	Chapter IV. The Consequences To The Earth
		In this movement, the side of the earth, facing the advance of the tail, would receive and intercept the mass of material--stones, gravel, and the finely-ground-up-dust which, compacted by water, is now clay--which came in contact with it, while the comet would sail off into space,
		"The breadth of the tail of the great comet of 1811, at its widest part, was nearly fourteen million miles, the length one hundred and sixteen million miles, and that of the second comet of the same year, one hundred and forty million miles."[1]
		"crag and tail," taken from Geikie's work,[1] with the drifts formed by snow on the leeward side of fences or houses.
	www.sacred-texts.com /atl/rag/rag14.htm (4679 words)

	Ar Turas - The Royal Mile Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Class distinctions were maintained by living arrangements within the tenements: the wealthy lived on the middle floors of the building with the poor at the very top and bottom and the gentry between the poor and the rich.
		The form of the city was determined by its topology: the crag and tail formation of the ancient volcanoes provided an easily defensible ridge surrounded by good farmland.
		There are actually several different roads that comprise the Royal Mile, all of which are laid out atop the narrow ridge connecting Edinburgh Castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse.
	www.ar-turas.co.uk /Pages/Reviews/TheRoyalMile.htm (262 words)

	Virtual Tour - Arthur's Seat, Edinburgh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		How the igneous rocks support only a thin intermittent drift cover, which suggests that they have not been significantly eroded by glacier ice, whereas the sedimentary strata are completely buried by a thick cover of drift, which suggests extensive erosion and then deposition of eroded rock
		That East Lomond hill forms a crag and tail.
		The tail here is composed of 'protected' sedimentary rock, not drift.
	www.st-andrews.ac.uk /~www_sgg/html/route13.html (118 words)

	Stirling University BA in ELT. British Studies: A Tour of Stirling (Answer Key) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		There are quite a few similar ‘crag and tail’ rocks in this part of southern Scotland, including Edinburgh Castle Rock and Dumbarton Rock.
		The ‘tail’ (the long trailing hill leading from the rock towards the south or east) is the result of glacial activity.
		Another reason for the location of Stirling is that it is the first point on the river Forth nearest the sea where the river can be forded by an invading army (as you can see from this map).
	www.celt.stir.ac.uk /resources/EL15/stirlingtour_key.html (1963 words)

	Ragnarok The Comet ch. 4
		"The breadth of the tail of the great comet of 1811, at its widest part, was nearly fourteen million miles, the length one hundred and sixteen million miles, and that of the second comet of the same year, one hundred and forty million miles."
		Imagine such a creature as that, with a head fifty times as large as the moon, and a tail one hundred and sixteen million miles long, rushing past this poor little earth of ours, with its diameter of only seven thousand nine hundred and twenty-five miles!
		And yet in that moment of contact the side of the earth facing the comet might be covered with hundreds of feet of débris.
	www.earth-history.com /Atlantis/Ragnarok/ragnarok-2-4.htm (4603 words)

	The Work of Ice
		Rouche Moutonee: An outcrop of resistant rock smoothed by ice on the upstream into a gentle slope and plucked on the downstream end to give a steep jagged edge.
		Crag and Tail: A knob of resistant rock (crag) which protects a weaker rock (tail) from ice erosion on the downstream slope.
		Ice-Eroded Plain: An extensive area once covered by an ice sheet which smoothed off the original landforms to give a rounded topography.
	www.angelfire.com /ga2/ibgeography/ice.html (576 words)

	Crag - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A rock-climbers' term for a cliff or group of cliffs, in any location, which is or may be suitable for climbing.
		Crag and tail, a geological formation caused by the passage of a glacier over an area of hard rock.
		This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crag (120 words)

	Bathymetry of Lake Ontario
		A small equidimensional circular depression 1000 meters in diameter, with a continuous encircling rim, coincides with the feature referred to as Charity Shoal on nautical charts.
		An elongated ridge extends southwest from the feature, resembling the tail of a crag-and-tail feature common to some drumlin fields.
		The basin is slightly deeper than 18 meters and the rim rises to depths of 2-6 meters.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /mgg/greatlakes/lakeontario_cdrom/html/gmorph.htm (2178 words)

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