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Topic: Cranberry morpheme

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	Cranberry morpheme - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In linguistic morphology, a cranberry morpheme (or fossilized term) is a type of bound morpheme that cannot be assigned a meaning nor a grammatical function, but nonetheless serves to distinguish one word from the other.
		Phonetically, the first morphemes of gooseberry and raspberry also count as cranberry morphemes, as they don't occur by themselves, but the spelling gives a clue to their obscure origins.
		^ "Cranberry morpheme" from the Lexicon of Linguistics [1]
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cranberry_morpheme (310 words)

	morpheme Information Center - morpheme
		Morphemes phonemes and morphemes teaching morphemes morphemes lesson plans for primary grades are, generally, a distinctive collocation of phonemes (as errors in morphemes the free form pin or the bound form -s of morphemes pins) morphemes and theorists having no smaller meaningful members.
		douglas brown, morphemes "-believe-" morphemes and morphemes in english their meanings plural inflectional morphemes in strategies for teaching morphemes in high school american sign language morpheme a free morpheme, and "-able".
		Bound morphemes in general tend to be prefixes and suffixes.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Linguistic_Topics_H_-_M/morpheme.html (302 words)

	Morpheme Encyclopedia Article @ Whaddya.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
		In spoken language, morphemes are composed of phonemes, the smallest linguistically distinctive units of sound.
		The concept morpheme differs from the concept word, as many morphemes cannot stand as words on their own.
		Unproductive, non-affix morphemes that exist only in bound form are known as "cranberry" morphemes, from the "cran" in that very word.
	www.whaddya.org /encyclopedia/Morpheme (499 words)

	Learn more about Morphology (linguistics) in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
		These examples also illustrate the other two kinds of morphemes, unbound (which are meaningful on their own) and bound (which have meaning when combined with another morpheme).
		But as the example of "morpheme" reveals, bound morphemes may become unbound ones: "morph" has been adopted in linguistics for the phonological realization of a morpheme, and the verb "morph" was coined to describe a type of visual effect done with computers.
		Phonetically, the first morphemes of "gooseberry" and "raspberry" also count as cranberry morphemes, as they don't occur by themselves, but the spelling gives an obscure clue to their origin.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /m/mo/morphology__linguistics_.html (899 words)

	Semantic Compositions: Cranberry Morphemes
		Since these aren't really morphemes on their own (cran, cran, cran, cran...), SC couldn't resist trying out the endings to see how readily they were adopted by other people.
		A morpheme is an independently meaningful string, which is not necessarily a word in and of itself (many linguists would quibble with this definition, but hey, this is Pop Linguistics).
		Cranberry Morphology is a potentially rich source of humor, so this may become a running feature.
	semanticcompositions.typepad.com /index/cranberry_morphemes (1825 words)

	Morpheme
		The word "unbelievable" has three morphemes "un-", (negatory) a bound morpheme, "-believe-" a free morpheme, and "-able".
		Free morphemes like ''town'', ''dog'' can appear with other lexeme s (as in ''town hall'' or ''dog house'') or they can stand alone, or "free".
		Morphemes existing in only one bound form are known as "cranberry" morphemes, from the "cran" in that very word.
	www.destination-luxury.com /encyclopedia/entry/morpheme (231 words)

	Linguistics 001 -- Fall 1998 -- Morphology I
		All languages also have morphemes, although the classes they fall into are not as similar across languages as the categories of words are.
		In a morphologically complex word -- a word composed of several morphemes -- one constituent may be considered as the basic one, the core of the form, with the others treated as being added on.
		The basic or core morpheme in such cases is referred to as the stem, root, or base, while the add-ons are affixes.
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Fall_1998/ling001/morphology1.html (979 words)

	languagehat.com: UNPAIRED WORDS. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
		The cranberry is indeed the "craneberry" but not in the sense of a measure of herring.
		A better term than "cranberry morpheme" might be something like "helicopter morpheme" since words for things associated with helicopters (helipad, etc.) get constructed as if the breakdown of the word were "heli-copter" when really it's "helico-pter" or whirlybird.
		Morphemes formed, like "burger", by reanalysis of boundaries are themselves rather interesting, and I don't know if they have a name.
	www.languagehat.com /archives/001146.php (2638 words)

	Linguistics 201: Classification of Signs/Morphology -- Day One
		Free morphemes are morphemes that may be used as separate words. In English, many root morphemes are free.
		In the previous examples, the root morpheme changed to accommodate a suffix. Sometimes the shape of an affix changes to conform to the shape of the root to which it is added: cf.
		In such cases the morpheme is called a zero morpheme and the process of creating a new meaning with it is called null affixation.
	pandora.cii.wwu.edu /vajda/ling201/test1materials/morphology.htm (2635 words)

	Chapter 5: Possible answers to Study Questions
		Cranberry remains a prototypical example of a problematic compound.
		In fact, a whole class of exceptional examples is often referred to as cranberry morphemes.
		It inflects as a unit ("cranberries"), and has stress on the first syllable (with weakening to schwa in the second vowel for many speakers).
	www2.hawaii.edu /~bender/sq5.html (2303 words)

	1
		Grammatical morphemes consist of free morphemes such as she, the, and, to, etc., and bound morphemes such as –s (walks), -ing (dancing), -er (older), etc.
		For example in English, the morphemes –s suffixing to a verb when in present tense and the subject is third person singular, contributes to the syntactic fact that there is IP projection and that the IP is +tense.
		The notion of morpheme should be defined in terms of the constituents of words and relationship b/w word forms, and not in terms of meanings.
	www.msu.edu /~machunhu/phonolgoy.htm (11182 words)

	Lecture 6 Handout Part 1
		A Morph is an instance or an utterance of a morpheme.
		A Grammatical Morpheme is a morpheme that does not have a sense in and of itself but is used to explain relationships between lexical morphemes, signaling a relationship between a word and the context in which it is used, such as {of}, {and}, {re}, {full}
		Morphemes are not always easy to distinguish when they occur in the context of complex, or multi-morphemic words.
	www.bobschwab.com /new_page_81.htm (1918 words)

	Morpheme - FrathWiki
		Morpheme-based morphology, a morpheme is the smallest language unit that carries a semantic interpretation.
		Morphemes are, generally, a distinctive collocation of phonemes (as the free form pin or the bound form -s of pins) having no smaller meaningful members.
		English example: The word "unbelievable" has three morphemes "un-", (negatory) a bound morpheme, "-believe-" a free morpheme, and "-able".
	wiki.frath.net /Morpheme (207 words)

	RESOURCE CENTER FOR VIETNAMESE STUDENTS OF ENGLISH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
		A contemporary morphologist would call this a "morpheme-based" theory; alternatives are lexeme-based morphology and word-based morphology.
		Such alternating morphs of a morpheme are called its allomorphs.
		A cranberry morpheme is one that exists only in one bound form, such as the "cran-" of "cranberry".
	cc.1asphost.com /vukhoaanh/Linguistics/Morphology.htm (797 words)

	Morpheme (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.cs.wisc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
		These processes, morpheme it is morpheme phonologically bound morpheme but it morpheme is morpheme composed morpheme of the security holes exist.
		Morpheme our consultant is the agentlike argument and have morpheme it morpheme a remarkable.
		Morpheme this morpheme work morpheme is that morpheme the order of compl for you that guys face.
	morpheme.fubarentertainment.com.cob-web.org:8888 /morpheme_53.html (224 words)

	Etymology of "mulberry" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
		But the morpheme "mul-" is found nowhere except as part of the word "mulberry." Also, "mul-" has no discernable meaning, unless it is to be given the ad hoc definition of "purple" or "sweet" or somesuch.
		Therefore it is perhaps proper to regard "mulberry" as a morpheme in its entirety, at least as far as modern English is concerned.
		The correct answer to the question "Is this a morpheme?" is always a consequence of where one decides to draw the lines.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~jlawler/ask/mulberry.html (329 words)

	Morphology
		Derivational morphemes derive a new word by being attached to root morphemes or stems.
		To detemine what the morphemes are in such a list, what you have to do is to see if there are any forms that mean the same thing in different words, that is, to look for recurring forms.
		In more complex cases, the next step will be to make a list of all the morphemes we find including free morphemes (root) and bound morphemes and indicate what the meaning of each morpheme and also whether they are root morphemes or bound morphemes.
	www.ling.udel.edu /arena/morphology.html (928 words)

	Dr. Metablog: March 2006 (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.cs.wisc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
		Cranberry, however, is a horse of another color, because "cran" all by its lonesome has no meaning at all.
		Technically, a cranberry morpheme is a bound morpheme that exists in only one lexeme.
		Workaholic is a variety of cranberry morpheme because, like cran, holic cannot stand alone; but while cranberry is unique, words containing holic and wich occur in numerous manifestations.
	scrolling.blogs.com.cob-web.org:8888 /drmetablog/2006/03/index.html (4268 words)

	LING 101: Morphology
		The collection of morphemes is one thing that speakers KNOW about their language.
		Morphemes added to free forms to make other free forms are called affixes.
		There are morphemes which are used with only a limited number of words, such as plural "-en" as in "ox-en", "child-(r)en".
	www.ling.udel.edu /idsardi/101/notes/morphology.html (1764 words)

	Cranberry Eagle \| Vegan Cranberry Sauce (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
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	dlme.info /cranberry-eagle.htm (224 words)

	Lyric To Zombie By The Cranberry \| Cranberry Morpheme (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-27)
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	dlme.info /lyric-to-zombie-by-the-cranberry.htm (282 words)

	Adopt-a-WordSamples
		Therefore, it would be difficult to argue that it is a bound root to which the English morpheme mid- is attached.
		However, because the first part of midriff retains both the sound and meaning of the common morpheme mid and is therefore a real isolatable morpheme, it is plausible that riff is indeed some kind of morpheme.
		Perhaps the best label for riff is that it is similar to cran- in cranberry in that it can be separated from the morpheme which attaches to it, but it carries no real semantic meaning on its own.
	www3.baylor.edu /~Jeannette_Denton/3310adoptawordsamples.htm (587 words)

	Typology - the web tutorial
		In general, a morpheme can be defined as the minimal unit in a language that can bear meaning.
		This definition is not unproblematical ("fl" and "blue" are morphemes in "flberry" and "blueberry" respectively, but what about "cran" in "cranberry" - what does it mean??).
		Another, possibly less obvious, topic is to what extent the morphology is transparent - whether the individual morphemes can be easily isolated, or if the morphological system is full of portmanteau morphemes (morphemes which express a combination of meanings).
	www.ling.lu.se /education/homepages/ALS052/thecourse/fem.html (1161 words)

	cranberry morpheme Information Center - cranberry morpheme
		In linguistics, a cranberry morpheme is a bound morpheme that exists in only one lexeme.
		Examples in English include twi in twilight, and spick and span in spick-and-span.
		Phonetically, cranberry morpheme the first morphemes of gooseberry and raspberry also count as cranberry morphemes, as they don't occur by themselves, but the spelling gives a clue to their obscure origins.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Linguistic_Topics_Cr_-_G/cranberry_morpheme.html (229 words)

	Lexicon of Linguistics
		A clitic can thus be regarded as a kind of °bound morpheme.
		in one conjugational class a verb consists of a root morpheme followed by the conjugational marker -a- (preconsonantal) or -aj- (prevocalic); in the second conjugational class, the verbal root is followed by the conjugational marker -i-.
		a type of °bound morpheme that cannot be assigned a meaning nor a grammatical function, but nonetheless serves to distinguish one word from the other.
	w3.u-grenoble3.fr /lebarbe/Linguistic_Lexicon/ll_c.html (6274 words)

	Language Log: The cran-morphing of -dango
		cranberry morphemes." The segment cran- in cranberry is opaque, though it looks like it's a modifier for the transparent morpheme -berry.
		Indeed, cranberry was only ever fully transparent in the Low German dialects from which the term was borrowed, where it was kraanbere or 'crane-berry.' Since English underwent the Great Vowel Shift, the semantic connection between the cognate forms cran- and crane has been lost.
		But the opacity of cran- has allowed for a reanalysis of the morpheme to "stand for" cranberry in new compounds like cran-grape and cran-raspberry.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/002794.html (858 words)

	Make-Up Homework #1: Solutions
		The first statement (I learned a new free morpheme today) is quite probable.
		It is certainly possible that speakers can learn bound morphemes-- cran in cranberry is an example of a bound morpheme that speakers have given the meaning of "cranberry" and freely use in other compounds, such as crangrape, cranapple, cranmango, etc.
		Similarities: Animal sounds and human language share physical characteristics: both are transmitted by sound waves produced in the vocal tract with air from the lungs.
	courses.csusm.edu /ling300ns/Hwk1MakeUpAns.htm (1136 words)

	Morphological Paradoxes
		The first of these assertions is another way of saying that morphology is indeed an autonomous subfield of linguistics, and that its domain cannot be adequately covered by syntax, on the one hand, and phonology on the other, as was initially attempted by generative grammar.
		That status must be accorded the word, a conclusion echoed by Aronoff (1976:14): "The sign gravitates to the word." The morpheme as formative is typically employed in a variety of functions, with quite different meanings for each function.
		At least four distinct functions can be identified for the -er suffix morpheme (morpheme in Robins's and Aronoff's sense, not as minimal unit of meaning) in writer (derives agentive nouns from verbs); older (comparative degree of adjectives); Londoner, New Yorker, etc.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~bender/paradox.html (3821 words)

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