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	Crawford (Williamson) Long
		Crawford Williamson Long (November 1, 1815 – June 16, 1878) was an American physician and pharmacist.
		Long is now known to be the first to have used an ether-based anesthesia.
		Long County, Georgia and Emory University's Crawford Long Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia are named in his honor.
	encyclopedia.stateuniversity.com /pages/5169/Crawford-Williamson-Long.html (331 words)

	William Crawford Williamson - LoveToKnow 1911
		Young Williamson's maternal grandfather was a lapidary, and from him he learnt the art of cutting stones, an accomplishment which he found of great use in later years, when he undertook his work on the structure of fossil plants.
		His long course of researches on the structure of Carboniferous plants belongs mainly to the latter part of his life, and his results are chiefly, though not wholly, embodied in a series of nineteen memoirs, ranging in date from 1871 to 1893, in the Philosophical Transactions.
		After a long controversy the truth of Williamson's views has been fully established, and it is now known that the mode of growth, characteristic in present times, of dicotyledons and gymnosperms prevailed in Palaeozoic ages in every family of vascular cryptogams.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /William_Crawford_Williamson (826 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Crawford Williamson Long (Site not responding. Last check: )
		CRAWFORD W. Crawford W. Long, M.D. Crawford Williamson Long was born November 1, 1815 in Danielsville, Georgia to Elizabeth and James Long, a prominent Madison County family.
		Long was a sympathetic and understanding doctor and his desire to give his patients relief from the suffering of operative procedures gave him courage to perform the epochal operation which revolutionized the field of surgery and brought him immortal fame.
		Long made no secret of his work: all of his surgeries were witnessed and known of by the physicians in the area.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Crawford-Williamson-Long (387 words)

	Crawford Long - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Crawford Williamson Long (November 1, 1815 – June 16, 1878) was an American physician and pharmacist.
		After observing the same effects with ether that were already described by Humphry Davy in 1800 with nitrous oxide, C.W. Long used ether the first time on March 30, 1842 to remove a tumor from the neck of his patient, Mr.
		Long subsequently removed a second tumor from Venable and used ether anesthesia in amputations and childbirth.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Crawford_Williamson_Long (306 words)

	SMA: Southern Medical Association - CRAWFORD W. LONG, M.D.
		CRAWFORD W. Crawford W. Long, M.D. Crawford Williamson Long was born November 1, 1815 in Danielsville, Georgia to Elizabeth and James Long, a prominent Madison County family.
		Long was a sympathetic and understanding doctor and his desire to give his patients relief from the suffering of operative procedures gave him courage to perform the epochal operation which revolutionized the field of surgery and brought him immortal fame.
		Long made no secret of his work: all of his surgeries were witnessed and known of by the physicians in the area.
	www.sma.org /auxiliary/doctorsday/crawfordwlongmd.cfm (612 words)

	New Georgia Encyclopedia: Crawford Long (1815-1878)
		Crawford Williamson Long, a north Georgia physician, is credited as the discoverer of anesthesia.
		There, Long had the opportunity to observe and participate in several surgeries, but these were harrowing experiences, as patients were not sedated and often experienced excruciating pain.
		Long married Caroline Swain in 1842, and together they had twelve children, seven of whom survived to adulthood.
	www.georgiaencyclopedia.org /nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1227 (921 words)

	Crawford Williamson Long - People of Georgia
		Crawford, a brother, and two sisters were brought up in the comfortable surroundings of a refined Southern household.
		Crawford Long went through local schools, and at the age of 14 he was admitted to Georgia's Franklin College, which later became the University of Georgia.
		Long noticed that people who were under the influence of the gas seemed to be oblivious to physical pain.
	www.netstate.com /states/peop/people/ga_cwl.htm (398 words)

	AANA - Documenting the discovery of anesthesia: The Crawford W. Long Museum, February 1996
		Crawford Williamson Long was born on November 1, 1815, the son of James Long, a successful planter and merchant in Danielsville, Georgia.
		Crawford Long began his study of medicine in Jefferson (which is 20 miles from Athens and 60 miles northeast of Atlanta) with George Grant, MD. Traveling to Lexington, Kentucky, in 1837, he took his first course of lectures at the Medical Department of Transylvania University.
		Crawford Long took no immediate steps to publicize his discovery, however, preferring to experiment until he was convinced of ether’s anesthetic properties, safety, and universal application.
	www.aana.com /resources.aspx?ucNavMenu_TSMenuTargetID=164&ucNavMenu_TSMenuTargetType=4&ucNavMenu_TSMenuID=6&id=1858 (1744 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Crawford Williamson Long (November 1, 1815 – June 16, 1878) was an American physician and pharmacist.
		Long subsequently removed a second tumor from Venable and used ether anesthesia in amputations and childbirth.
		Long County, Georgia and Emory University's Crawford Long Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia are named in his honor.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Crawford_Long (285 words)

	Crawford Long Summary
		Crawford Williamson Long (1815-1878), American physician, is credited with the first use of ether as an anesthetic in a surgical procedure.
		Although Long is historically credited with the first use of ether, his delay in announcing his discovery lessened recognition for him and robbed him of a primary position in the discovery of modern anesthesia.
		Long continued to use ether in minor surgical procedures and obstetrics for years to come, but he did not publish his discovery until 1849, three years after William Thomas Green Morton had created a huge stir in Boston, Massachusetts, with his public demonstration of the powers of ether.
	www.bookrags.com /Crawford_Long (1135 words)

	Crawford W
		Crawford Williamson Long was born on November 1, 1815, in Danielsville, GA, a small town 15 miles north of Athens, the home of the University of Georgia.
		Long was graduated from the University of Georgia with an A.M. degree in 1835.
		Long of Georgia had made patients inhale the vapor until anesthetic and had performed operations upon them in his state, but it was not until October 16, 1846, in the Massachusetts General Hospital, that Morton in a public operating room, rendered a patient insensible with ether and demonstrated the utility of surgical anesthesia." (p.
	rkthomas.myweb.uga.edu /LongSSPP.htm (2997 words)

	Crawford Williamson Long Biography (1815-1878)
		Long was the first physician to use ether to anesthetize a patient in surgery.
		Long performed his ground-breaking surgery in 1842, but the credit for thefirst public demonstration of the anesthetic effects of ether went to WilliamThomas Green Morton, who demonstrated its use in 1846.
		Long was born November 1, 1815, in Danielsville, Georgia, to James and Elizabeth Long.
	www.faqs.org /health/bios/38/Crawford-Williamson-Long.html (328 words)

	Crawford W
		Crawford Williamson Long was born on November 1, 1815, in Danielsville, GA, a small town 15 miles north of Athens, the home of the University of Georgia.
		Long was graduated from the University of Georgia with an A.M. degree in 1835.
		Long of Georgia had made patients inhale the vapor until anesthetic and had performed operations upon them in his state, but it was not until October 16, 1846, in the Massachusetts General Hospital, that Morton in a public operating room, rendered a patient insensible with ether and demonstrated the utility of surgical anesthesia." (p.
	htpprints.yorku.ca /archive/00000207/01/LongSSPP.htm (3000 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Crawford Long
		William T.G. Morton is now sometimes credited as performing the first "public" demonstration of ether as a surgical anesthetic, however this is also erroneous as Dr. Long publicly demonstrated the use of ether as a surgical anesthetic on numerous occasions before 1846.
		Long subsequently removed a second tumor from Venable and used ether anesthesia in amputations and childbirth.
		Long was a cousin of the famous western character Doc Holliday.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Crawford_Long (370 words)

	Rev. Bras. Anestesiol. vol.56 no.3; Abstract: S0034-70942006000300010 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Long's biography is narrated, stressing his character, competence, dedication, modesty, altruism and a certain unconcern with conquests and glories.
		Long's involvement in the discussion about the discoverer of anesthesia is analyzed and his passing away is reported.
		However, it has been proven that Long has been the first to use surgical anesthesia and he is acknowledged in several regions of his country as the father of surgical anesthesia and "its discoverer".
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0034-70942006000300010&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en (305 words)

	long-sufferance - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Crawford Williamson Long was born in Danielsville, Georgia, and educated at the University...
		Long, Huey Pierce (1893-1935), American politician, governor of Louisiana (1928-1932), and United States senator (1932-1935), known for his...
		Long, Richard, born in 1945, English sculptor and photographer, who became a leading figure in the movement known as land art, which is concerned...
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=long-sufferance (131 words)

	Detroit Medical Center - Staff Resources
		Crawford Williamson Long, a quiet country doctor, was the first to use ether in surgery.
		In 1866, a 40-foot long Ether Monument was erected in Boston’s Public Garden, "as an expression of gratitude for the relief of human suffering occasioned by the discovery of the anesthetic properties of ether".
		Crawford W. Long is memorialized in a wonderful sculpture in Statuary Hall (see picture) in the U.S. Capitol Building.
	www.dmc.org /docsday (792 words)

	Dr Crawford Williamson Long ( 1815 - 78 )
		On 30th March 1842, Dr Crawford Williamson Long excised one of two tumours from the neck of a Mr James Venable under sulphuric ether anaesthesia.
		Dr Long never sought to hide what he was doing, whether in surgery, dentistry or obstetrics; but he was not a publicist, nor was he avid for fame and fortune.
		Crawford Long died of a stroke in 1878.
	www.general-anaesthesia.com /images/crawford-long.html (646 words)

	Long County, Georgia GA, county profile - hotels, festivals, genealogy, newspapers - ePodunk
		Long County is one of 159 counties in Georgia.
		The county is in the Hinesville-Fort Stewart metro area.The estimated population in 2004 was 10,928.
		This was an increase of 6.06% from the 2000 census.
	www.epodunk.com /cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=8055 (430 words)

	Other Collections
		Crawford Williamson Long was born November 1, 1815, in Danielsville, Georgia, the son of James and Elizabeth Ware.
		No nitrous oxide was available but Long offered sulphuric ether as a substitute, explaining to his friends that it was equally exhilirating and as safe as nitrous oxide.
		Taylor, Dr. Long's daughter, regarding a paper he had read before the Royal Academy of Medicine, and glass plate photonegatives and one film negative, with corresponding photoprints, of a number of letters attesting to Dr. Long's use of sulphuric ether as an anaesthetic on approximate or specific dates.
	americanhistory.si.edu /archives/d9120.htm (741 words)

	GeorgiaInfo - Carl Vinson Institute of Government
		Crawford W. Long was born in Danielsville, Georgia on Nov.
		While in college, Long had some experience with "ether frolics" and thought there was some possibility of the development of an anesthetic to lessen or remove the extreme pain surgery patients of his time had to endure.
		Long continued to practice medicine in Athens until his death on June 19, 1878 from heart failure after just having delivered a baby.
	www.cviog.uga.edu /Projects/gainfo/longbio.htm (427 words)

	Crawford Williamson Long - Encyclopedia.com
		He practiced in Jefferson, Ga. In 1842 he excised a tumor of the neck using ether anesthesia, but this was not made public until after the demonstration by W. Morton in Boston in 1846.
		But rather than revel in his personal triumph, Crawford said he was fuming about his brief outing...
		It was Crawford's failure to settle in Plymouth that...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Long-Cra.html (738 words)

	[No title]
		Although Dr. William Morton is usually associated with the use of ether, it is generally acknowledged that Dr. Crawford Williamson Long was the first to use the substance as an anesthetic.
		By then, Dr. Long, who was born on this date in 1815, had already completed eight successful operations using the anesthetic.
		By the time of his death in 1878, his claim to have been the first to use ether during surgery was generally recognized.
	www.intelihealth.com /IH/ihtPrint/WSIHW000/333/7087/509871.html?hide=t&k=basePrint (128 words)

	LONG, Crawford Williamson, Dr. [1815-1878] -- American surgeon
		Long is now recognized as the pioneer in the use of ether as an anesthetic.
		Long is first to use ether as anesthetic, but does not publish until 1849.
		Long publishes an account of his prior use of ether in 1842.
	freepages.history.rootsweb.com /~dav4is/people/LONG21.htm (249 words)

	I19124: (RESEARCH QUERY-SC) HAMILTON HAMBLETON of South Carolina (____ - ____)
		Thus, Long's discovery and contribution are diminished primarily on the grounds that he delayed in "publicizing" the value of ether.
		Crawford Williamson Long was born on November 1, 1815 in Danielsville, Georgia.
		Crawford Long is now widely credited with being the first medical professional to use anesthesia for surgical procedures, although there were others who claimed the breakthrough as their own.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~mysouthernfamily/myff/d0042/g0000008.html (2265 words)

	Crawford Long
		Crawford Williamson Long, November 1, 1815-June 16, 1878, was an American physician and pharmacist.
		Although William Thomas Green Morton is well-known for performing his historic anesthesia on October 18, 1846, C.W. Long is now known to be the first doing an ether-based anesthesia.
		After observing the same effects with ether that where already described by Humphrey Davy 1800 with nitrous oxide, C.W. Long used ether the first time on March 30, 1842 to remove two tumors from the neck of his patient, Mr.
	pheeds.com /info/guide/c/cr/crawford_long.html?indexes (159 words)

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