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	Critical Regionalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Critical Regionalism is an approach to architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lack of meaning in Modern Architecture by using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning.
		Critical Regionalism is different from Regionalism which tries to achieve a one-to-one correspondence with vernacular architecture in a conscious way without consciously partaking in the universal.
		Critical Regionalism is considered a particular form of post-modern (not to be confused with Postmodernism as architectural style) response in developing countries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Critical_Regionalism (306 words)

	Critical Analysis of "Towards a Critical Regionalism" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Here regionalism truly surfaces-despite Frampton's attempts to retreat from it-as sentimental, thus explaining his attempts to attach the word 'critical', to position the work as resisting the described apocalyptic situation but also retaining the feeling that architecture is limited, at best, in its role to single-handedly solve the problem.
		Critical regionalism would instead embrace the topography as a manifestation of the regions geologic and agricultural history.
		Anyway, the effect of this is to direct ones attention away from the critically regional and begin to consider this as a polemic on the tectonic.
	home.earthlink.net /~aisgp/texts/regionalism/regionalism.html (2347 words)

	Objectives and working hypothesis of the research project on architecture and identity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The term regionalism reflects a fight against the loss of local identity in the European architecture of the 1970s, in a context of the universalism of architectural languages and the worldwide presence of architectural stereotypes.
		Furthermore, Frampton’s “critical” attempt was to work against an ever-increasing industrialized and standardized world-wide use of building materials and construction methods which neglects and destroys local building traditions and their transgression into contemporary architecture.
		In the process of the reflection on the “own” and the “foreign” in contemporary architecture, the term “critical regionalism” was also used as a theoretical basis to describe “modern” architecture in developing countries.
	www.architecture-identity.de /research_papers_terms.htm (863 words)

	4th Savannah Symposium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Discourse framed in the theory of critical regionalism thus runs the risk of not reflecting the concerns developed in the actual place and in turn undermining its claim to describing architecture that 'reflect[s] and serve[s] the limited constituencies in which they are grounded' (Frampton, 1983:314).
		The question of identity in the desert regions of the Southwestern United States, particularly the Arizona Sonoran desert, is especially pressing at this time given the challenges faced by the desire of its human inhabitants to dwell in a place that is hot, water-starved, limited in resources and stunningly beautiful.
		Frederick Jameson's critique of critical regionalism -- that it cannot thrive in cities because they are multicultural by definition and are the result of global economies, is also evident in Tucson, in part due to population growth that is primarily the result of immigration by people unfamiliar with deserts.
	www.scad.edu /dept/arlh/symposium4/abstracts10.html (1040 words)

	Archinect : Discussion Forum : critical regionalism
		The only regional critics I completely trust are those that remain living in the same place their whole life--an increasingly rare entity that is almost always ignored (by architects).
		critical regionalism is different than regionalism in that does not seek to submit blindly to building techniques, but to instead use technique as a means of liberating architecture from image and propel it towards experience.
		I am extremely uneasy, because I think critical regionalism is closely tied to nationalism, which seems to be increasingly fashionable as memories of the early twentieth-century fade.
	www.archinect.com /forum/threads.php?id=8346_0_42_0_C (2917 words)

	Prairie Avenue Bookshop
		This richly illustrated and designed book reconsiders critical regionalism, demonstrating the viability of one of the most visible trends in contemporary architecture.
		Globalization's homogenizing effects on architecture, urban spaces, and the landscape have compelled architects to embrace the principles of critical regionalism, an alternative theory that respects local culture, geography and climate.
		In this book, the authors trace the genesis of critical regionalism to its ancient historical and political roots, and focus on its modern expression in the works of Aalto, Neutra, Niemeyer, and others.
	www.pabook.com /detail.asp?id=3791329723 (130 words)

	Critical Regionalism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Frampton draws from (A philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account) phenomenology to supplement his arguments.
		Critical Regionalism is different from (Loyalty to the interests of a particular region) Regionalism which tries to achieve a one-to-one correspondence with (Click link for more info and facts about vernacular architecture) vernacular architecture in a conscious way without consciously partaking in the universal.
		Critical Regionalism is considered a particular form of post-modern (not to be confused with (Genre of art and literature and especially architecture in reaction against principles and practices of established modernism) Postmodernism as architectural style) response in developing countries.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/cr/critical_regionalism.htm (336 words)

	4th Savannah Symposium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In sum, while the concept of regionalism highlights the fact that diverse and differing architectural practices are inevitably interconnected worldwide, it fails to account for the complex historical experiences and the multiplicity of cultural identities that coexist in contexts such as Latin America.
		To map the scope of critical practice in contemporary architecture, this essay, instead, will underline the essentiality of three languages: the language speaking for the body's entanglement with architecture; the language unravelling the so-called spirit of the time; and the logic of capitalism.
		To present a different reading of Frampton's discourse on critical regionalism, it is necessary to underline aspects of his argument that is useful for the critique of architecture in a situation when commodification takes command.
	www.scad.edu /dept/arlh/symposium4/abstracts08.html (1276 words)

	Bulletin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Critical Regionalism draws on Fishkin’s focus on the transnational and describes the move within American Studies to critically engage the transnational social and cultural histories of regional spaces and borderlands.
		A key component of the new critical regionalism is the constitutive tension between the global and regional.
		It aims to illuminate the global routes enabling and defining regional spaces and cultures, as well as the manner in which regional spaces and cultures might resist or transform the significance of the global locally.
	www.unm.edu /~amstudy/bulletin.html (444 words)

	agglutinations.com: Critical Regionalism Revisited: Provisional Thoughts on the Future of Urban Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		My original essay on “Critical Regionalism,” first published in Hal Foster’s (ed.) The Anti-Aesthetic, is now twenty years old, and in the interim much has changed, and hardly for the better, as far as democracy is concerned.
		This focus could also be said to be “critically regional” with respect to climate, topography, etc. as I attempted to argue in my original essay.
		Postscript to "Critical Regionalism Revisited": A Response to Mark Gilbert and Bart Lootsma
	agglutinations.com /archives/000012.html (1139 words)

	tBLOG - The Last Dance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Critical Regionalism, a term coined only in the 20th century, is basically a movement against modernism and vernacularism and a resistance against the homogenization of the whole world.
		Hence, critical regionalism here in the Philippines may be different from critical regionalism say in Russia or Denmark.
		Not to say that that is a bad thing since that is precisely what critical regionalism is about, being different from the rest of the world, but the thing is, we need to have a basis, some kind of starting point, a foundation, before we can criticize regionally.
	summerkisses.tblog.com (1078 words)

	Junk for Code: Regionalism & music
		CS expresses a critical regionalism, as he affirms and respects the specific quality of a region and its cultural identity.
		There is a nascent music criticism going on in Australian weblogs, but it is more concerned with classic rock albums or the greatest Rolling Stone song, rather than exploring the contribution of rock music to our sense of place; or its relationship to our broader culture.
		In a global world it is critical regionalism, not Luddism, that is the way to go.
	www.sauer-thompson.com /junkforcode/archives/001773.html (544 words)

	Critical Regionalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Frampton put forth his views in "Towards a Critical Regionalism: Six points of an architecture of resistance." He evokes PaulRicouer's question of "how to become modern and to return to sources; how to revive an old, dormant civilization and take part inuniversal civilization".
		As put forth by Alex Tzonis and Liliane Lefaivre, Critical Regionalism need not directly draw from the context, ratherelements can be stripped of their context and used in strange rather than familiar ways.
		Critical Regionalism is different from Regionalism which tries to achieve a one-to-one correspondence with vernaculararchitecture in a conscious way without consciously partaking in the universal.
	www.therfcc.org /critical-regionalism-119001.html (281 words)

	Research 2003 at School of Architecture, Landscape Architecture & Urban Design, The University of Adelaide, Australia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Critical Regionalism, as described by Tzonis and Lefaivre and interpreted by Fredric Jameson, is adopted in this dissertation as one way of explaining and interpreting the new regionalist identity constructions being produced by contemporary Indian architects.
		Ultimately, the dissertation concludes, through the application of appropriate anthropological observations and Postmodern theories, that Tzonis and Lefaivre's Critical Regionalism is a radically progressive Postmodern theory which is mutational in character, and can be used as a device to answer the old and new problem of identity in contemporary Indian architecture.
		In the application of the process model, there will be an exploration of the critical characteristics of the area or the existing and potential natural and human values and the way they incorporate to each other and to the existing settings in the landscape structure of the area.
	www.arch.adelaide.edu.au /research/archres2003.shtml (2457 words)

	ARCH Lecture Series
		Kenneth Frampton: Describes "Critical Regionalism" as "a position dedicated to place creation and to the sustenance of an intimate and continuous relationship between architecture and the local society it serves.
		Ricoeur argues that "Critical Regionalism" is not intended to denote merely the vernacular (generally a reaction to natural world phenomenon, utility, and economics) or the contextural (generally just a secondary reaction to the vernacular)
		Critical Regionalism is rather concerned with the symbols (conscious or subconscious that our built forms convey — Critical Regionalism deals far more with the intellectual and cultural content of a place or a form — what is the message conveyed — or the translation of symbol(s) from architect to patron
	www.spsu.edu /cteacad/rcole/Studio/Lectures/p04Regionalism.html (778 words)

	The Centre for Public Culture and Ideas
		Kenneth Frampton (1983) wrote ‘Prospects for a Critical Regionalism' to describe a contemporary culturally situated architecture that resisted the totalizing effect of global modernism.
		While critical regionalism may be well-intentioned, in that it refocuses attention on localized issues, it is itself a global theory.
		It is argued that critical regionalism is likely to simplify the understanding of the conceptual considerations of an architectural work in emphasising, or even moulding it to, its own predetermined themes.
	www.gu.edu.au /centre/cpci/cosmo/abstracts/content_barnard.html (260 words)

	Critical Regionalism - Speaker's Commission on Regionalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Regionalism 1930's An American term, Regionalism refers to the work of a number of rural artists, mostly from the Midwest, who came to prominance in the 1930s.
		Whereas local color is often applied to a specific literary mode that flourished in the late 19th century, regionalism implies a...
		Regionalism: The American Regionalism movement, also known as the American Scene Painters, began during the Great Depression in the 1930âs.
	www.hairballnews.com /hbn/critical-regionalism-2391373-hos (280 words)

	ALN No. 28: Critical Regionalism from a Desert Dweller's Perspective (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Broadly defined, critical regionalism is an attempt to synthesize the rooted aspects of a region, including physical and cultural characteristics, with appropriate current technology.
		One of the major concerns of a critical regionalist architecture, therefore, is that of a direct and tactile expression of the methods and materials chosen for construction.
		The historical elements of a regional desert architecture still may be found and used as a guide in response to the climatic factors.
	ag.arizona.edu /OALS/ALN/aln28/matter.html (2220 words)

	UBC Landscape Architecture \| Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Urban and regional public realms are explored from a number of natural, cultural, functional and aesthetic perspectives and given form as places and systems.
		This course provides new students with an opportunity to meet the faculty, fellow students, the university and the region prior to their commencement of classes.
		It also provides students with an introduction to the University, Vancouver and the region, and, equally important, gives them an opportunity to become better acquainted with their fellow classmates prior to the commencement of classes.
	www.agsci.ubc.ca /landscape_architecture/our_program/html/coursedescriptions.html (925 words)

	AIArchitect, Feb. 3, 2003 - Learning From Termites
		This is what makes Pearce say that his architecture is a “regionalized style that responds to the biosphere, to the ancient traditional stone architecture of Great Zimbabwe, and to local human resources.
		Tropical Architecture: Critical Regionalism in the Age of Globalization, edited by Alexander Tzonis, Liane Lefaivre, and Bruno Stagno, is published by Wiley and Sons.
		Its 300+ pages are filled with essays from architects and architectural critics from around the world at the equator on the effects of cultural, social, technical, economic, and ecological realities on Modern architectural form.
	www.aia.org /aiarchitect/thisweek03/tw0131/0131tw5bestpract_termite.htm (718 words)

	Junk for Code: Critical regionalism in Architecture
		The symposium appeared to be appeared about themes of concern to junk for code; namely regionalism and architecture.
		Yet we do have a tradition of a critical regionalism in Australian Architecture.
		The more the effects of globalization impact on us, and on architecture and town construction, the clearer the critical regionalism becomes as an alternative strategy.
	www.sauer-thompson.com /junkforcode/archives/001759.html (353 words)

	Tropical Architecture : Critical Regionalism in the Age of Globalization \| Design Directory
		The tropical region covers a significant proportion of the globe, and yet its architecture receives relatively little outside comment or exposure.
		Dispersed widely throughout the world, the region incorporates areas as far-flung as the Caribbean islands, India, South-East Asia, and large parts of Australia, Africa and South and Central America.
		Despite their great cultural diversity, these areas share both climatic and ecological factors, as well as a post-colonial condition and the pressures of modernization in the world of globalization.
	www.dexigner.com /directory/detail/3238 (100 words)

	Architecture and Identitiy Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the changed context of Post-Modernism, Alexander Tzonis and Liane Lefaivre, as well as Kenneth Frampton, developed this “new regionalism”, rooted in the interwar experiments, into a “critical regionalism”, seen as a (precocious) answer of localism to increasing globalisation.
		Nevertheless, while acknowledging the intimate connection between architecture and identity, none of the adepts of the “new” or “critical” regionalism situated the current tendencies in the perspective of a conceptual continuation.
		The shift of identity on the region engendered various expressions of regionalisms, each understood as a particularism, all of them part of a metastylistical phenomenon.
	www.architecture-identity.de /conference_abstracts_popescu.htm (421 words)

	Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The latest book in the Architecture in Focus series, this beautifully illustrated and designed book reconsiders critical regionalism and demonstrates the global viability of one of the most visible trends in contemporary architecture.
		As globalization increasingly enters every facet of our lives, its homogenizing effects on architecture, urban spaces, and the landscape have compelled architects to embrace the principles of critical regionalism, an alternative theory that respects local culture, geography, sustainability, and climate.
		In Critical Regionalism, an important reexamination of critical regionalism, two prominent architectural critics argue for a truce between the seemingly antithetical philosophies of critical regionalism and globalization.
	www.sirreadalot.org /lists/architectureL.htm (830 words)

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