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Topic: Croatia in the Habsburg Empire

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	Croatia - history of Croatia
		As a result of their compulsory military service to the Habsburg Empire during conflict with the Ottoman Empire, the population in the Military Frontier was free of serfdom and enjoyed much political autonomy unlike the population living in the parts ruled by Hungary.
		Croatia and Slavonia became a part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs composed of all Southern Slavic territories of the now former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy with a transitional government headed in Zagreb.
		Croatia became part of the Democratic Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1945, which was run by Tito's Communist Party of Yugoslavia.
	croatia.aventin.hr /history.htm (1883 words)

	Croatia - MSN Encarta
		Croatia was admitted to the United Nations (UN) and to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) in 1992.
		Then when Dalmatia and Istria were joined to the Habsburg Empire in 1815 they became Austrian rather than Hungarian provinces, and so remained separated from the rest of the Croatian lands.
		Croatia and Slavonia were formally part of Hungary, although a large portion of their territory remained under direct Austrian rule until the late 19th century as part of the Habsburg Military Frontier (Vojna krajina).
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577939_6/Croatia.html (762 words)

	Croatia (10/06)
		Croatia is made up of 20 counties plus the city of Zagreb and controls 1,185 islands in the Adriatic Sea, 67 of which are inhabited.
		Habsburg rule proved successful in thwarting the Ottomans, and by the 18th century, much of Croatia was free of Turkish control.
		Croatia's Supreme Court is the highest court in the republic.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3166.htm (2741 words)

	Austria-Hungary - MSN Encarta
		The compromise was an agreement between the Habsburg Emperor Francis Joseph and the Magyar rulers of the kingdom of Hungary.
		In the Austrian part of the new empire, the constitutional monarchy that was established in the old Austrian empire by an agreement called the February Patent of 1861 remained in force.
		Since the compromise was primarily an agreement between the Habsburgs and the Magyars, the Slavic peoples were not consulted before the compromise was enacted.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761579967/Austria-Hungary.html (1390 words)

	Croatia Tourism: History - SideStep
		The Habsburgs pushed to install German customs and language; the Hungarians proposed that Hungarian be accepted as the official language and claimed that Slavonia belonged to Hungary; the Venetians extended its territories to the Dinara mountains and beyond, thanks to the Treaty of Pozarevac; and the Turks retained control of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
		Croatia's economy was in shambles as the war drew to a close: Employment was hovering at 20%, industry was almost non-existent, agricultural output was drastically low, and some companies were unable to pay their workers the depressed average monthly wage of $400.
		Croatia is beginning to show signs that it is shaking off its down-in-the-mouth persona and presenting a more sophisticated, savvy face to the world.
	www.sidestep.com /travel-info-t3635020044-history_croatia (3947 words)

	Chapter I
		The sovereignty of the Republic of Croatia is inalienable, indivisible and untransferable.
		The anthem of the Republic of Croatia is "Lijepa nasa domovino".
		Amendment of the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia may be proposed by at least one fifth of the representatives in the House of representatives of the Croatian Parliament, the President of the Republic, and the Government of the Republic of Croatia.
	www.cmseducation.org /wconsts/croatia.html (7572 words)

	Croatia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		By the eleventh century, Croatia was an integral part of the Holy Roman Empire, was predominantly Catholic, and formally affiliated with the kingdom of Hungary.
		Croatia and Venice struggled to dominate Dalmatia as the power of Byzantium faded, and for a time the Dalmatians paid the Croats tribute to assure safe passage for their galleys through the Adriatic.
		Ottoman armies overran all of eastern and southern Croatia south of the Sava River in the early sixteenth century, and slaughtered a weak Hungarian force at the Battle of Mohacs (Hungary) in 1526.
	www.geohistory.com /GeoHistory/GHMaps/GeoWorld/NCroatia.html (2551 words)

	Croatia, hotels, cars, information, tips
		The Republic of Croatia is a country in Europe bordering the Mediterranean, Central Europe and the Balkans.
		Habsburg rule eventually did prove to be successful in thwarting the Ottomans, and by the 18th century, much of Croatia was free of Turkish control.
		Croatia is situated between central, southern and eastern Europe, because it has a rather peculiar shape that resembles a crescent or a horseshoe.
	www.flights-and-hotels.com /croatia/index.htm (896 words)

	Croatia Myth&Reality: Borders were drawn to benefit Croatia
		The myth that Serbian lands are held by Croatia was used by the Serbian government to launch a war of aggression to seize valuable gas and oil fields, rail and shipping corridors and port facilities.
		Croatia was divided into the 15,649 square mile Banovina of Savska, primarily Croatia proper and Slavonia, and the 7,587 square mile Banovina of Primorska, primarily Dalmatia.
		The overwhelming majority of Croatia's twelve hundred mile border is based upon ancient boundaries that Croatia brought with her into Yugoslavia in 1918.
	wap.macedonia.org /myth/borders.html (1942 words)

	Excite España - Viajes - Europa - Croatia - Historia Y Gobierno
		In 1089, so-called Inner Croatia came under the control of Hungary and then the Habsburg Empire, and remained so for eight centuries, while the larger part of Dalmatia was variously controlled by the Byzantines, Venice and Austria.
		The fighting in Croatia, between the JNA and Serb militia on one side and hastily assembled Croat defence forces on the other, was ended by a UN-brokered ceasefire in January 1992.
		Croatia may therefore be able to join with the batch of candidate countries scheduled for entry around 2007/8, which includes Bulgaria and Romania: Croatia’s economy is in better condition than either of those, but the Hague tribunal problem has to be resolved once and for all.
	www.excite.es /viajes/guias/europa/croatia/Historia_y_Gobierno (1083 words)

	History of Croatia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Habsburg rule proved successful in thwarting the Ottomans, and by the 18th century, much of Croatia was free of Turkish control.
		In November 1995, Croatia agreed to peacefully reintegrate Eastern Slavonia, Baranja, and Western Dirmium under terms of the Erdut Agreement.
		In December 1995, Croatia signed the Dayton peace agreement, committing itself to a permanent cease-fire and the return of all refugees.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/croatia.html (1436 words)

	Croatia
		Croatia ruled by the Habsburgs, as a member of the Habsburg Crown (1527-1918, Austro Hungarian Empire from 1867 to 1918), parts of Croatia under Venice, Turkish Ottoman Empire and France,
		From 1918 to 1929 Croatia was one of the states in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians.
		This civilization, that was present on Croatian soil from the 15th to the 19th century (in eastern parts of former Yugoslavia until the beginning of the 20th century), left a deep imprint.
	www.jimdiamondmd.com /Croatia.htm (1125 words)

	CROATIA
		Croatia (Croatian: Hrvatska), officially the Republic of Croatia (Republika Hrvatska), is a country in Europe, at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Central Europe and the Balkans.
		The Battle of Mohács in 1526 led the Croatian Parliament to elect the Habsburgs to the throne of Croatia.
		Habsburg rule eventually thwarted Ottoman expansion, and by the 18th century, much of the Croatian territories that had previously been Ottoman passed to the Austrians.
	www.solarnavigator.net /geography/croatia.htm (825 words)

	Central Europe Review - Regionalism in Croatia: Between Tradition and Reality
		The fall of the Habsburg Empire and the creation of the Yugoslav state in 1918 didn't mark the end of the Croatian struggle to unite all their lands under one administrative system, however.
		Croatia's new government is faced with the difficult situation of a national economy ravaged by war and by the even more destructive effects of Tudjman's policies.
		Croatia's administrative system is the same as in Tudjman's era and will remain so in the foreseeable future.
	www.ce-review.org /00/19/antulov19.html (3236 words)

	The Balkans
		Byzantine Empire: The Byzantine Empire was the main successor state to the unified Roman Empire, which broke up in the late 5th century A.D. The Byzantine Empire's capital was the ancient Greco-Roman city of Byzantium, which was also known as Constantinople, after the Emperor Constantine, who greatly increased the empire's power and prestige.
		Ottoman Empire: The Ottoman Empire was an important state which, at its peak, ruled much of the Middle East, North Africa, and Southeastern Europe (the Balkans).
		Habsburg Empire: The Habsburg Empire was a great power in Europe from the late Middle Ages until World War I. It was ruled by the Austrian royal family, the Habsburgs, and its capital city was Vienna.
	www.cet.edu /earthinfo/balkans/BKdef.html (2393 words)

	Habsburg Monarchy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Habsburg Monarchy grew to European prominence in 1526, when Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, the younger brother of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, was elected King of Bohemia and Hungary following the death of Louis II, the King of those two countries, in battle against the Turks at Mohacs.
		Central Croatia: In the 16th century, after Slavonia and Bosnia fell under Ottoman Empire and Dalmatia under the Republic of Venice, the Central Croatia was referred to as the Remnants of the remnants of the once great Croatian Kingdom (Reliquiæ reliquiarum olim inclyti Regni Croatiæ).
		Following the Habsburg defeats in the Wars of 1859 and 1866, this policy was abandoned, and after several years of experimentation in the early 1860s, the famous Ausgleich, or Compromise, of 1867 was arrived at, by which the so-called Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary was set up.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Habsburg_Empire (1735 words)

	Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning
		In many ways, the Habsburg empire was a dynastic accident brought together by marriage, death and family fortune; unlike the British empire, it was not won primarily through conquest and settlement.
		It is the empire of a particular dynasty, as indeed most empires are, and it is not entirely irrelevant to examine the names of these empires: the Habsburgs and the Ottomans were both dynasties.
		The final result of the empire's collapse and the great war between Germany and Russia to fill the vacuum it left was the destruction of one of those communities: the Germans, who were expelled almost to a man from the areas they had lived in outside of Austria and Germany proper.
	www.fathom.com /feature/122075 (2171 words)

	SEND International - Christian Missions
		Croatia was the scene of brutal warfare in the early '90s as the result of the breakup of the former Yugoslavia.
		Croatia is constantly at battle with the Turks and seeks military help from the Habsburg Empire.
		Later that year, Croatia is made part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes - a move not authorized by the people or the Croatian parliament.
	www.send.org /croatia/history.htm (476 words)

	Croatia in the Habsburg Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The bulk of the Croatians convened the Parliament on Cetin and chose the suzerainty to the Austrian king Ferdinand of Habsburg.
		Croatia was one of the crown lands that supported Emperor Karl's Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and supported Empress Maria Theresia in the War of Austrian Succession of 1741-1748.
		In 1840, an Austro-Hungarian population census was conducted in the crownland of Croatia and Slavonia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Croatia_in_the_Habsburg_Empire (1680 words)

	Bambooweb: Croatia
		Yugoslavia was invaded during World War II and Croatia was made into a fascist puppet-state named the Independent State of Croatia.
		Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic and often bitter fighting with the Serbs before the end of the war in 1995.
		Croatia applied for European Union membership in 2003 and the EU leaders accepted it as an official candidate country in 2004.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/c/r/Croatia.html (922 words)

	Croatia: About, Facts, Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Later, Croatia retained its legal status and autonomy within the framework of the Hungarian empire, and the Habsburg Monarchy.
		Continental Croatia, however, also abounds in beauty: it is a land of forests, rivers rich in fish, swift mountain streams and deep gorges of Gorski Kotar, and the magnificent Plitvice Lakes in Lika.
		In Croatia there are seven National parks, here are links to some of them: The mountain of Risnjak is is a national park, situated relatively close to the coast, in the region of Gorski Kotar.
	www.croatiaemb.net (1314 words)

	Croatia History \| iExplore.com
		The fighting in Croatia, between the JNA and Serb militia on one side and hastily assembled Croat defense forces on the other, was ended by a UN-brokered ceasefire in January 1992.
		Croatia also has an important tourism industry, based on the Dalmatian coast: after being all but wiped out by the civil war, it has recovered and prospered; it now accounts for about 15 per cent of GDP and has been largely responsible for Croatia’s recent economic progress.
		Croatia joined the IMF in January 1993, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the World Trade Organization.
	www.iexplore.com /dmap/Croatia/History (1379 words)

	REFLECTIONS ON CROATIA, 1960-1992, AEER 11 (1-2), 1993
		Croatia was an independent kingdom in the early middle ages.
		The depopulated formerly Turkish held lands of Croatia and Slavonia were resettled and divided between Habsburg and Hungarian Civil and Military authorities.
		In the 1870s and 1880s the Military Frontier was abolished and the territory was returned to Croatia, doubling her area and population.
	condor.depaul.edu /~rrotenbe/aeer/aeer11_1/despalatovic.html (7216 words)

	THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
		The coat-of-arms of the Republic of Croatia is the historical Croatian coat-of- arms whose base consists of 25 alternating red and white (argent) fields.
		The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia shall consist of 11 justices elected by the House of Representatives at the proposal of the House of Counties for a term of eight years from among outstanding jurists, especially judges, public prosecutors, lawyers and university law professors.
		The Republic of Croatia shall remain part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until a new agreement is reached by the Yugoslav republics, or until the Croatian Parliament decides otherwise.
	www.constitution.org /cons/croatia.htm (8003 words)

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