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Topic: Croatia in the second Yugoslavia

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	Croatia - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Croatia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Croatia was briefly an Austrian crownland in 1849 and again a Hungarian crownland in 1868.
		Under German pressure, Croatia's and Slovenia's independence was recognized by the EC and the USA early in 1992, and in May by the UN.
		Diplomatic relations were restored between Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (consisting of Serbia and Montenegro) in August 1996, and in October 1996 Croatia entered the Council of Europe.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Croatia (1499 words)

	ipedia.com: History of Croatia Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Following the disappearance of the major native dynasty by the end of the 11th century, the Croats eventually recognized the Hungarian ruler Coloman as the common king for Croatia and Hungary in a treaty of 1102 (often referred to as the Pacta Conventa).
		Croatia received some autonomy in 1939 with a reshuffling of the provinces, but the militarist regime in Belgrade crumbled in 1941 and the Axis powers quickly occupied Yugoslavia.
		Croatia became part of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in 1945, which was run by Tito's Communist Party of Yugoslavia.
	www.ipedia.com /history_of_croatia.html (1746 words)

	Press Communiqué 99/38 - Croatia institutes proceedings against Yugoslavia for violations of the Genocide Convention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Croatia, in the Knin region, eastern and western Slavonia, and Dalmatia, [Yugoslavia] is liable [for] the 'ethnic cleansing' of Croatian citizens from these areas.
		Croatia further claims that some 3 million explosive devices of various kinds were planted in Croatia, mostly anti-personnel and anti-tank devices, currently rendering some 300,000 hectares of arable land unusable, and that around 25 per cent of its total economic capacity, including major facilities such as the Adriatic pipeline, was damaged or destroyed.
		Croatia, in its own right and as parens patriae for its citizens, reparations for damages to persons and property, as well as to the Croatian economy and environment caused by the foregoing violations of international law in a sum to be determined by the Court".
	www.icj-cij.org /icjwww/ipresscom/iPress1999/ipresscom9938_19990702.htm (466 words)

	United Nations Human Rights Website - Treaty Bodies Database - Document - State Party Report - Croatia
		The Republic of Croatia as a society is comprised of different ethnic and religious group and attends to their needs by promoting diversity and pluralism, and facilitates the integration of minorities into society by permitting each citizen to take part in the common welfare of the Republic.
		All citizens of the Republic of Croatia who, at the time of the elections, happen to be outside the territory of the Republic of Croatia can exercise their voting rights in the States where they find themselves at the time of the elections, or in another way specified by law.
		In 1996 the Union of Roma in Croatia printed the second volume of papers on the problems of education of Roma in the Republic of Croatia, a valuable contribution to the issue which is being used by teachers working with members of the Roma ethnic and national community or minority.
	www.unhchr.ch /tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/CERD.C.290.Add.1.En?Opendocument (16446 words)

	Yugoslavia during the Second World War
		In the second half of the 1930s, the Yugoslav government was increasingly pro-German, under the rule of Prince Regent Pavle Stojadinović, the leader of a newly established party supporting the regime, the Jugoslav Radical Union, modeled upon the Italian and German ruling parties of the time.
		Yugoslavia remained neutral during Italian attack on Ethiopia, German Anschluss of Austria, German breakup of Czeckosovakia and invasion of Poland.
		On the second session on the mentioned date the Council took several important decisions that are considered as the basis of establishment of the new, post-Second World War Yugoslavia.
	flagspot.net /flags/yu_wwii.html (1387 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Republic of Croatia is a country in Europe bordering the Mediterranean, Central Europe and the Balkans.
		Although Croatia is currently negotiating its entry into the European Union, the HDZ is already a member of the European People's Party which is the strongest faction in the European Parliam..
		The Government of the Republic of Croatia (Vlada Republike Hrvatske), commonly abbreviated to Croatian Government (hrvatska Vlada), is the main element of the executive branch of government in Croatia.
	www.hostingciamca.com /browse.php?title=C/C/CRO (10989 words)

	Croatia: Mirko Graorac: Shortchanging justice - war crimes trials in former Yugoslavia
		The Tribunal's Prosecutor has confirmed the concurrent role of national courts in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and has stated that she expects national courts to pursue prosecutions of some cases which the Prosecutor has deemed not to be a priority for the Tribunal's purposes.
		The authorities in Croatia have never specifically stated that the Rome Agreement is not applicable to Croatia, however to Amnesty International's knowledge they do not send nationally defined war crimes case files to the Tribunal before pursuing prosecutions, even in cases of crimes allegedly committed in Bosnia-Herzegovina.
		Croatia is also a party to the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949, which obliges states to bring to justice all people, regardless of nationality, responsible for grave breaches of the Convention.
	www.amnestyusa.org /countries/croatia/document.do?id=4D96935EB914FA4B802569000068A268 (5900 words)

	Presidential elections in Croatia go to second round
		Relations between the EU and Croatia had cooled in recent years but a decision was taken Monday to form a joint EU-Croatia task force to strengthen ties between the two.
		His nationalist and expansionist ambitions were increasingly seen as a destabilising factor in Balkan politics, and the pervasive corruption and nepotism of his regime were considered obstacles to the requirements of international capital.
		Croatia was denied access to European Union (EU) funds, barred from NATO's Partnership for Peace programme and blocked from commencing initial talks on EU membership.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/jan2000/croa-j28.shtml (961 words)

	Croatia Myth&Reality: Yugoslavia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Croatia took in thousands of Serbian refugees from the advancing Turks and supported Serbia's bid for independence from the Ottoman Empire.
		The myth of Yugoslavia was reborn on November 29, 1945 when the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia was born as "a community of peoples who had freely expressed their will to remain united within Yugoslavia" despite the fact that no vote was ever taken.
		On April 26, 1992 Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic proudly announced the formation of a new Federation of Yugoslavia consisting of Serbia, Montenegro and the previously autonomous provinces of Vojvodina and Kosovo.
	mirror.veus.hr /myth/yugoslavia.html (367 words)

	STATISTICS OF YUGOSLAVIA'S GENOCIDE AND MASS MURDER
		The total democide of all parties in Yugoslavia turns out to be 1,515,000 to 4,805,000 people, of which 1,230,000 to 3,425,000 of them were killed during the war (lines 287 and 288).
		These now enable Yugoslavia's population to be projected to 1950 and 1965 based on the 1941 population, and by subtracting these projections from the actual population estimates (lines 311 and 317) to determine the population deficits used previously (lines 327 and 328).
		The second is for the Tito government during the war and up to 1965, by which democide had largely ended.
	www.hawaii.edu /powerkills/SOD.CHAP9.HTM (2468 words)

	United Nations Human Rights Website - Treaty Bodies Database - Document - State Party Report - Yugoslavia
		The second group of laws (federal and republican, depending on the territory for which the trade unions are established) regulate the issues of the actual organization of trade union organizations and their entry in the registry.
		The break up of the former Yugoslavia, transformation of the socio-political and economic system and, in particular, the imposition of sanctions against FRY affected economic and social conditions in education over the past period.
		The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is obliged to determine policies and to adopt and implement federal laws, other regulations and general enactments in the field of scientific and technological development (STD).
	www.unhchr.ch /tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/E.1990.6.Add.22.En?Opendocument (17388 words)

	Introduction: The Balkans Babylon
		Legally, Second Yugoslavia ceased to exist in April 1992 – just after Bosnia-Herzegovina seceded and plunged into civil war – when the last remaining territories of the old federation joined to form the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
		It was named Yugoslavia in 1921, by the edict of King Aleksandar I Karadjordjevic, who became the king of Yugoslavia much like Kaiser Wilhelm I became the emperor of Germany, or Vittorio Emmanuel the king of Italy.
		Ironically, Milosevic cemented his own power by pretending to defend Yugoslavia with the same Communist ideology – which rested on denying all that was Serbian as dangerous and counter-revolutionary – that had partitioned and retarded Serbia for years.
	www.antiwar.com /malic/m101900.html (2071 words)

	The Former Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia
		The situation in Croatia eased temporarily when, as a result of intensive negotiations, the United Nations' mandate and the deadline for the UNPROFOR* withdrawal from all four UNPAs,* originally scheduled for 31 March, was extended.
		The second half of the year saw a radical change in the military and political outlook, and consequently in the humanitarian situation in the former Yugoslavia.
		In early August the ICRC President visited the former Yugoslavia to obtain assurances from the authorities in Belgrade, Pale, Sarajevo and Zagreb that the ICRC would be allowed to assist and endeavour to ensure the protection of all conflict victims in the region, in accordance with its mandate.
	www.icrc.org /Web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList471/9322DC561D14C9E4C1256B660059DAC2 (2760 words)

	TFF FEATURES - Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The second Yugoslavia is an illustration to this point: the Yugoslav People's Army was counted among the strongest in Europe and yet, the conflict and war could not have been avoided by the presence of military stocks.
		Conflicts in the territory of the second Yugoslavia could not and can not be eliminated in the short run, neither by using domestic armies, police and similar forces (even during the wars in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia), nor by humanitarian activities of UNPROFOR units, nor by actions for establishing peace by force.
		It seems that, for a theoretical handling of the issues pertaining to Yugoslavia and some neighboring countries (and maybe some other states in Central and Eastern Europe), it is significant to understand that the lack of social consensus in regard to the state idea was frequently compensated by a strengthening of the mentioned institutional element.
	www.transnational.org /features/isakovic.html (1966 words)

	Friends of Ulster- USA - IRA and ,Croatia, Slovakia, Bosnia, Serbia, Yugoslavia, Russia, Kosovo, KLA,
		The Real IRA was also hard hit by the seizure in Split, Croatia, last year of a major arms shipment already paid for with cash earned primarily from smuggling cigarettes and other contraband.
		The cache seized in Croatia, in a truck parked in a warehouse in the town of Dobranje, about 40 miles southeast of Split, included seven RPG-18-type weapons, as well as AK-47 rifles, a sizeable quantity of ammunition, and 20 packs of Yugoslav-made military explosive.
		The upsurge in Real IRA operations - the Army describes it as the 'second phase' - is a remarkable turnaround for a terror group that was an international pariah two years ago.
	www.ulsterflash.iofm.net /balkans.htm (4809 words)

	E/CN.4/1997/56 - Report of the Special Rapporteur on the former Yugoslavia
		Communities in Croatia proper have also proved capable of violence, as on 7 December 1996 when a group of Croatian Serb displaced persons from the Region who had gone to visit the village of Petrinja, in former Sector North, was assaulted by an angry mob unrestrained by Croatian police officers present at the scene.
		Whereas these elections were not contested, the second round of municipal elections held in Serbia on 17 November 1996 sparked widespread and persistent protests by thousands of peaceful demonstrators in major cities, including the largest in Belgrade since 1991.
		The Government of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia should take appropriate and prompt action to rectify the situation presented by the contested elections, notably by implementing the conclusions of the investigation conducted by the OSCE which found that the opposition coalition had won the elections in Belgrade and other major Serbian cities.
	www.hri.ca /fortherecord1997/documentation/commission/e-cn4-1997-56.htm (17691 words)

	Serbia Info News / Yugoslavia - Croatia 80-66
		Yugoslavia's captain Dejan Bodiroga had an important role, in spite the nasal dislocation and arcade injury he got during the last training in Belgrade.
		Only significant attempt of Croatia came at the start of third quarter (11-0 series), Mulaomerovic awoke, and joined Kovacic, but great defense opened fast breaks and everything was over couple of minutes before the end.
		CROATIA: Mulaomerovic 12 (5 assists), Vrankovic, Sesar 2, Mrsic, Prkacin 6, Krstic, Giricek 17, Kovacic 19 (8 rebounds), Skelin 4, Mamic, Vujcic 2 and Tabak 4.
	www.serbia-info.com /news/2001-09/01/25267.html (320 words)

	Xak.com: Stipe Mesic, ex-Yugoslavia's last president, ready to lead Croatia into EUDocument Actions
		EU leaders last month said they would open accession talks with Croatia in March, and the Balkan country is hoping to join the bloc before the end of the decade.
		He started his political career in the 1960s when he was elected to the parliament of Croatia, which was one of the six republics that formed the communist-era Yugoslavia.
		In 1990 during Croatia's transition from socialism to political pluralism, and following its first democratic elections, Mesic became secretary of the HDZ and was Croatia's first prime minister.
	www.xak.com /main/newsshow.asp?id=40751 (430 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY)/Kosovo
		In Croatia the aims have evolved from influencing the accident statistics to creating an enabling environment in which the message will be relayed and sustained by a wide variety of actors.
		In mine-affected areas in Croatia, a large proportion of the inhabitants have been exposed to different forms of mine awareness through the CRC/ICRC posters and leaflets and presentations by the CRC mine awareness instructors.
		Some degree of sustainability has been ensured, particularly in Croatia, where much increased priority and interest is given to MA by key players, generating an environment where some donor funding would have a very large impact.
	www.icrc.org /Web/Eng/siteeng0.nsf/iwpList137/CE2C73630A20924941256C67003B7D65 (4409 words)

	Press Release: IMF Approves Second STF Drawing for Croatia
		Economic activity began to recover, inflation was sharply reduced, the emerging private sector grew significantly, although much of the economy remains dominated by large state-owned enterprises, and both the overall budget and the external current account registered surpluses in 1994.
		A crucial element of Croatia's program is the imposition of financial discipline on enterprises that are still state owned.
		Croatia succeeded on December 14, 1992 to the membership of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
	www.imf.org /external/np/sec/pr/1995/pr9520.htm (495 words)

	World Press Review - Balkans - Slovenia - NATO - KLA - Croatia - Bosnia - Serbia - Macedonia - Yugoslavia
		The Yugoslav army withdraws to the ethnic Serbian territories of Croatia, and the bloody autumn ends with the fall of Vukovar.
		The year’s bloody drama ends with the division of Croatia into two parts, with the Serb-held territories under the name Republika Srpska Krajina and the entrance of U.N. peacekeeping troops (the blue helmets that were deployed according to the “inkstain” principle).
		In Kosovo, the KLA is engaged in a ground war with the army and police.
	www.worldpress.org /0901feature12.htm (992 words)

	[No title]
		Even worse, when war broke out between Yugoslavia (Serbia) and Croatia in the summer of 1991, Rusyns from Serbia were mobilized and sent to fight their brethren in Croatia.
		At the height of the conflict, however, Croatia's Rusyn minority was caught between the proverbial hammer and anvil, often assumed by one side to be cooperating with the other.
		In former Yugoslavia, Rusyns held positions in all levels of government: the provincial (Vojvodina): the republican (Serbia and Croatia); and the federal (Yugoslavia).
	www.carpatho-rusyn.org /vojv (3503 words)

	CNN/SI - World Soccer - Yugoslavia wins, takes Group 8 lead over Croatia - Wednesday September 08, 1999 03:43 PM
		The victory, the second over Macedonia in four days, improved Yugoslavia to 5-1-1 and 16 points atop Group 8, one ahead of Ireland (5-0-2) and two more than Croatia (4-2-1).
		Dejan Stankovic added Yugoslavia's third with a spectacular volley under the crossbar from the edge of the penalty zone in the 16th minute.
		Yugoslavia and Macedonia were forced to play two matches against one another in a short period due to the fact that their match in Belgrade was originally scheduled for March 31, but had to be postponed because of the NATO bombing campaign.
	sportsillustrated.cnn.com /soccer/world/news/1999/09/08/yugoslavia_macedonia_ap (526 words)

	The Second October Revolution - A Review of The Fragmentation of Yugoslavia
		"The Fragmentation of Yugoslavia" is the second edition of a tract in political science.
		Yugoslavia was the result of conflicting political models imposed in rapid succession on rival (or indifferent), heavily mixed populations by venal politicians.
		Yugoslavia disintegrated on television, in bloodied frames and to vehement narration.
	samvak.tripod.com /pp67.html (1037 words)

	Croatia president wins second term - World News - MSNBC.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		ZAGREB - Croatia’s pro-Western President Stjepan Mesic comfortably won a second term in an election run-off on Sunday, pledging to step up efforts to lead the former Yugoslav republic to European Union membership.
		Croatia is due to start EU accession talks on March 17 if it cooperates fully with the U.N. war crimes tribunal in The Hague, particularly in tracking down fugitive general Ante Gotovina.
		Mesic emerged as the surprise winner of a landmark ballot in 2000, replacing the late Franjo Tudjman who led Croatia to independence but was later shunned by the West for nationalism.
	msnbc.msn.com /id/6833144 (571 words)

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