
	Where results make sense

Topic: Crocodilians

In the News (Thu 23 May 13)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Crocodilians: Natural History & Conservation: Crocodiles, Caimans, Alligators, Gharials
		Crocodilians are the most vocal of all reptiles.
		The Maryland Zoo is holding a "Croc Week" for the Crocodilian Advisory Group from 16 to 21 July 2007.
		The second is for November and also shows a crocodilian with its mouth open, but this one is asking for something quite different.
	www.crocodilian.com (4141 words)

	MSN Encarta - Crocodile (reptile)
		Crocodilians first appeared about 200 million years ago and are believed to be remnants of the great age of reptiles.
		Modern crocodilians are amphibious, spending much of their time in water, where they swim with rhythmic strokes of the tail.
		Crocodilians are the most vocal reptiles, producing sounds from quiet hisses to fearsome roars and bellows, usually during the mating season.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761578937 (875 words)

	Crocodilia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		All crocodilians have "theocodont" dentitions (teeth set in bony sockets) but unlike mammals, they replace these teeth throughout life.
		Juvenile crocodilians replace teeth with larger ones at a rate as high as 1 new tooth per socket every month.
		Crocodilians have a secondary bony palate that enables them to breathe when partially submerged, even if the mouth is full of water.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crocodylia (1896 words)

	ADW: Crocodilia: Information
		Crocodilians can also run by simply speeding up their walk; in smaller crocodilians this may change the gait into a "gallop" in which the animal appears to be bouncing; some may acheive speeds of 10 miles per hour (17 kph).
		Crocodilians can also move like lizards, moving one foot at a time with their bellies scraping on the ground; they also use this mode of movement when sliding down a river bank when frightened and sometimes occurs when they are running and their legs get out of sync.
		Crocodilians' teeth are mostly identical, thick-walled cones embedded in the outside of the jaw.
	animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu /site/accounts/information/Crocodilia.html (1891 words)

	CHS Care Sheets - Miscellaneous Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Housing crocodilians is easy enough when they are hatchlings, but they grow rapidly as juveniles, about a foot per year under ideal conditions, so starting with the largest enclosure with a securable lid is of utmost importance.
		Crocodilians also need a place to bask in the "dry area." This can be accomplished using a 75 to 100 watt incandescent bulb and reflector kept on 12 to 14 hours per day reaching 85 to 90°F, dropping to a low of 75°F at night.
		Crocodilians do not need the full spectrum lighting that a lot of reptiles do, but I feel that greater overall health can be accomplished when their natural environment is reproduced as best as possible.
	coloherp.org /careshts/other/crocs.php (1483 words)

	ANIMAL BYTES - Crocodiles and Alligators
		Crocodilians are large, lizard-shaped reptiles with four, short legs and a long, muscular tail.
		Crocodilians are predatory and depending on their size and habitat may feed upon a variety of fishes, reptiles (including other crocodilians), amphibians, aquatic invertebrates and even birds, mammals and carrion.
		The 23 living species of crocodilians have changed little since the appearance of their prehistoric relatives, although this does not mean they are not advanced compared to other reptiles.
	www.seaworld.org /animal-info/animal-bytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordata/craniata/reptilia/crocodylia/crocodiles-&-alligators.htm (533 words)

	Crocodile Information...Crocodiles are Reptilian
		All crocodilians have their eyes and nose on the top of the skull so that they can see and breathe while the rest of their body is submerged.
		Crocodilians' digestive system is powerful enough to dissolve bones of their prey.
		It was longed believed that the crocodilians used their tails to sweep their prey off its feet and into the water.
	www.planet-pets.com /plntcroc.htm (682 words)

	Dwarf Crocodile - Bagheera
		Crocodilians are known to prey upon domestic animals, however.
		The dwarf crocodile nests in mounds of vegetation near water, and it is dependent upon the heat generated by the decaying vegetation to incubate its small clutch of eggs.
		The rarest crocodilians are the caiman which are highly sought after for their beautifully patterned skins.
	www.bagheera.com /inthewild/van_anim_dwrfcroc.htm (1184 words)

	Crocodilians
		Crocodilians are active predators, eating fish, snakes, and animals coming for drinking water.
		Crocodilians are not social animals, but often are found in large numbers.
		Crocodiles are faster in the water than on land, and are likeliest to attack a victim in the water or close on the shore.
	www.freewebs.com /runequestmasters/rq3crocodiles.html (140 words)

	St. Augustine Alligator Farm Zoological Park: Hours
		The 23 species of alligators, crocodiles, and their kin, caiman and gharials, are collectively known as crocodilians.
		Crocodilians are usually considered to be the only living members of the Archosauria, the group which included the dinosaurs.
		Crocodilians play a vital role in the habitats where they are found.
	www.alligatorfarm.com /faq/crocodilian.html (797 words)

	Crocodiles of Belize/Planeta.com
		Crocodilians may use vocal signals extensively in their behavior, in communicating with one another, but their sounds have been little-studied.
		Crocodilians are long-lived animals, many surviving 60+ years in the wild and up to 90+ years in zoos.
		All crocodilians are listed by the international CITES agreements, preventing or highly regulating trade in their skins or other parts, and their numbers have been steadily rising during the past 20 years.
	www.planeta.com /planeta/98/0898crocs.html (1452 words)

	SDNHM After the Dinosaurs: When Crocodiles Ruled
		The crocodilian body plan is hugely successful and only minor changes in it have occurred over the last eighty million years.
		Over time, crocodilians evolved a bony palate, their internal nostrils were pushed further back, and their spool-shaped vertebrae went from being biconcave to having a concave front and a convex back--a change that makes the vertebral column more flexible and strong.
		Crocodilians also communicate with each other through body movements, such as aggressive "head slaps" (the crocodile slaps its head on the water) or by lifting up the head in submission.
	www.sdnhm.org /exhibits/crocs/tguide/tgcrocs.html (3242 words)

	AquaFacts
		In fact, it has been suggested that a person bending down over a water source may resemble an antelope in the eyes of a crocodile and this is why the attacks occur.
		Crocodilians are well adapted to water, as well as land.
		Nearly all crocodilians live in the rainforests and wetlands of developing countries which are being destroyed by logging, development and other industries.
	www.vanaqua.org /education/aquafacts/crocodilians.html (1289 words)

	Research Article: Crocodile Research Team
		The early crocodilians that stayed in the rivers of South America and those that moved to the rivers of India and Africa developed long snouts with 108 sharp, needle-like teeth to help them catch fish.
		Today, the only living ancestors of these early crocodilians are the long- snouted gharials, named after the Hindi word for "pot" (because of the pot-shaped structure on the snout of the male).
		The last group of crocodilians to evolve were the "true" alligators of China and the southeastern United States.
	nephele.jason.org /expeditions/jason7/curriculum/crocodile.html (2115 words)

	Lesson Plans - Survival of the Fittest?
		Crocodilians, including crocodiles and alligators, are ancient animals that survived the period of mass extinction at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary about 65 million years ago.
		While scientists are not sure why crocodilians are so hardy, they have plenty of evidence from modern and prehistoric crocodilians like SuperCroc (Sarcosuchus imperator) to develop hypotheses on this question.
		Write this question on the board: "Why have crocodilians survived so long?" Inform the class that their goal will be to collect evidence to develop answers to this question.
	nationalgeographic.com /xpeditions/lessons/08/g912/crocssurvival.html (622 words)

	Crocodilians of Pakistan: Indian Gharial or Gavial
		The gharial is considered to be one of the most critically threatened of all crocodilians, becoming alarmingly close to extinction in the 1970s.
		Gharial are arguably the most thoroughly aquatic of the extant crocodilians, and adults apparently do not have the ability to walk in a semi-upright stance as other crocodilians do (Bustard and Singh 1978).
		Unlike most other crocodilians who carry their young from the nest in the mouth, gharial appear not to do this because of the unusual morphology of their jaws (Singh and Bustard 1977).
	www.wildlifeofpakistan.com /ReptilesofPakistan/gharial.htm (699 words)

	Crocodile, Alligator & Caiman Internet Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Crocodilians have amazingly efficient hearts, capable of shunting blood away from their lungs when submerged.
		The AZA Crocodilian Advisory Group information is specifically geared toward captive breeding programs and goes a long way toward helping maintain genetic integrity of the species that need it.
		The crocodile specialists of the German DGHT (the world's largest herpetological organisation) whose aim is to raise the awareness of crocodilians in the eyes of the public, and build links between the various organisations who promote their conservation.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /natsci/herpetology/brittoncrocs/cir.html (1507 words)

	Crocodilians
		The crocodilians are repitles with four legs, very similar to the lizards.
		Be very aware not to disturb a mother crocodilian at this time, it could be a very bad experience, for you.
		The crocodilians are estudied in three groups according to some characteristics of their bodies and behavior.
	www.damisela.com /zoo/rep/cocodrilos/indexe.htm (179 words)

	Crocodilians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Crocodilians are the most advanced surviving reptiles; many of
		crocodilians do not molt (shed their skin all at once) like snakes do.
		crocodilians have strong jaw muscles for biting and holding prey.
	members.aol.com /bigdadyrob/crocodilians.html (1279 words)

	Worldwide Reptiles Lizards Monitors Crocodilians And Tegus
		Crocodilians, Monitors and Tegus are intermediate to expert lizards that can be maintained by a beginner with lots of care and patience for these lizards.
		Crocodilians come in may different sizes from caimans to alligators and crocodiles.
		Crocodilians require large enclosures and a basking spot to digest their food.
	www.worldwide-reptiles.com /monitors.htm (421 words)

	Directory - Science: Biology: Flora and Fauna: Animalia: Chordata: Reptilia: Crocodilians
		The Bibliography of Crocodilian Biology · cached · Repository of references for scientific research on crocodiles, alligators, caimans and their relatives.
		Bibliography of Crocodilian Biology · cached · A regularly updated repository of references for scientific research on crocodiles, alligators, caimans, and their relatives.
		Crocodilian Species List · cached · Database covering all 23 species of extant crocodilians, including alligators, caimans, crocodiles, and the gharial.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=95098 (407 words)

	Turtles Move a Notch Up the Ladder
		Snakes, lizards, the tuatara, and crocodilians, as well as dinosaurs and birds, have two holes on each side of the skull.
		Diapsid reptiles are further divided, with lizards, snakes, and tuataras comprising the 'lower' group, the Lepidosauria, while crocodilians, dinosaurs, and birds represent the 'higher' group, the Archosauria.
		In all cases but one, the closest match to the turtle genes was either crocodilian or avian genes, with crocodilian predominating.
	home.pcisys.net /~dlblanc/articles/TurtlePhylogeny.php (664 words)

	Environmental Contaminants as Concerns for the Conservation Biology of Crocodilians
		With advancing understanding of factors impacting crocodilian populations, it is becoming increasingly obvious that contaminants can have significant impacts upon a number of these species.
		There are three classes of environmental contaminants: radionuclides, heavy metals and organics, including the estrogen inhibitors Radionuclides are generally the least important in terms of their overall impact upon global crocodilian populations.
		Concern for the global impacts of anthropogenic estrogen inhibitors is of great interest in environmental toxicology today, and studies of the impacts of these contaminants upon the reproduction of American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) were among the first to document the harm caused by these chemicals upon free-living wildlife.
	www.uga.edu /~srel/Reprint/2354.htm (419 words)

	Reptiles III: Crocodilians; Submission (Islam)
		Of all reptiles, the most feared and perhaps least well known are the crocodilians, which includes 22 species of crocodiles, alligators, caimans and gharials.
		Crocodilians inhabit North America, Central America, South America, China and Southeast Asia, Africa, Australia, India, Pakistan and many Pacific Islands.
		I think the most interesting thing about crocodilian offspring is that it is truly God who decides the male and female.
	www.masjidtucson.org /God/animals/reptiles3.html (1413 words)

	Crocodilians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The modern crocodilians (a small remnant of a once large and successful group) are the only living members of the archosaurian line that gave rise to the dinosaurs and birds.
		A muscular gizzard (like that of birds) finishes the job of grinding up food with the help of swallowed stones, etc. Crocodilians (like mammals) have a complete secondary palate, which permits them to breathe when the mouth is full of water or food, as well as while completely submerged except for the nostrils.
		Although they have managed to survive almost unchanged for nearly 200 millions years, many of the 22 species of alligators, caimans and crocodiles found in tropical regions of the world are now facing the threat of extinction as a result of human activities.
	bioweb.uwlax.edu /zoolab/Table_of_Contents/Lab-9a/Reptiles/Crocodilians/crocodilians.htm (242 words)

	Crocodilians Science, Directory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Bibliography of Crocodilian Biology A regularly updated repository of references for scientific research on crocodiles, alligators, caimans, and their relatives.
		Crocodilians: Natural History and Conservation Comprehensive information from Dr. Adam Britton.
		The Bibliography of Crocodilian Biology Repository of references for scientific research on crocodiles, alligators, caimans and their relatives.
	www.wacofdn.org /d2RjXzk1MDk4.aspx (419 words)

	CROC LINKS
		Current status of Indian Crocodilians ENVIS Bulletin, June 1999
		Order CrocodyliaChecklist of Crocodilians, Tuatara, and Turtles of the World
		Crocodilians, birds, and the evolution of the archosaurian forelimb
	nersp.nerdc.ufl.edu /~biolab/crocpage.html (137 words)

	Crocodylia (Crocodilians)
		For example, the brain of crocodilians has a true cerebral cortex, which allows them to learn rather than just react instinctively.
		Crocodilians have webbed back feet, eyes and ears on the top of their head, and a modified circulatory system to provide the most oxygen to the brain.
		All these help the crocodilians to live successfully in the water.
	www.thebigzoo.com /zoo/Crocodylia.asp (111 words)

	CNAH LINKS
		This site, an annotated checklist of the 271 nominal species of crocodilians, tuatara, and turtles, is the result of an international cooperative effort by 42 reptile biologists.
		The two primary threats to crocodilians from humans are habitat loss and unsustainable use.
		Crocodilians are the most advanced surviving reptiles; many of their features are more similar to mammals or birds than to other reptiles -- CNAH Note: It is for this reason that they are no longer considered members of the Class Reptilia.
	www.naherpetology.org /links.asp?id=2 (712 words)

	Lesson Plans - Crocs, Then and Now (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Explain that crocodilians are a group of animals that includes crocodiles, alligators, gharials, and caimans.
		Have students look at the crocodilian distribution map and ask them to label on their own maps the areas where crocodilians live today.
		Have students continue their research to investigate the reasons crocodilians have survived so long while other types of animals, such as dinosaurs, have become extinct.
	www.geokids.com /xpeditions/lessons/08/g68/crocsthennow.html (801 words)

	FPL \| Crocodiles and Alligators Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Although crocodilians, as alligators and crocodiles are called, inspire fear and fascination in us, few people know that they are
		During the 100 million years of the age of reptiles, crocodilians ruled the earth.
		Today, only 23 crocodilian species remain, many of which are in danger of extinction due to conflicts with humans.
	www.fpl.com /environment/endangered/contents/crocodiles_and_alligators_overview.shtml (147 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)