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Topic: Crop breeding

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	Plant breeding -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Plant breeding is practiced worldwide by (The organization that is the governing authority of a political unit) government institutions and commercial enterprises.
		International development agencies believe that breeding new crops is important for ensuring (Click link for more info and facts about food security) food security and developing practices of (Click link for more info and facts about sustainable agriculture) sustainable agriculture through the development of crops suitable for their environment.
		Many crops in present day cultivation are the result of domestication in ancient times, about 5,000 years ago in the (The regions of the world that were known to Europeans before the discovery of the Americas) Old World and 3,000 years ago in the (The hemisphere that includes North and South America) New World.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pl/plant_breeding.htm (2070 words)

	Crop breeding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Crop improvement occurs when a plant breeder alter the genetic composition of a variety to enhance or decrease expression of important crop characteristics.
		Examples of such a concern are the ones related to fungal diseases : fungal pathogens, such as Fusarium spp attack wheat and cause the disease known as Fusarium head blight or Fusarium ear blight.
		Some projects are focussed on the breeding of new wheat varieties that are genetically resistant to these pathogens.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/crop_breeding (302 words)

	Plant breeding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Domestication, classical plant breeding and genetic engineering are all processes that alter the genome of a plant to enhance its qualities as a crop.
		Many crops in present day cultivation are the result of domestication in ancient times, about 5,000 years ago in the Old World and 3,000 years ago in the New World.
		A cultivated crop species that has evolved from wild populations due to selective pressures from traditional farmers is called a landrace.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crop_breeding (1952 words)

	Checkbiotech.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Crops need to be developed that can flourish in harsh conditions so that substandard land can be used to grow important crops, growing seasons can be extended, and yields are not decreased by drought, heat, cold, and other stresses.
		Almost all of the crops that we use today, such as wheat, soybean, rice, potato, cabbage, broccoli, and tomato, were engineered in an analogous manner; that is by use of breeding technologies to create new gene combinations within a crop species and then selecting for better traits in the progeny.
		The main crops carrying new biotech genes are soybean, maize, cotton, and canola, accounting, respectively, for 56 percent, 14 percent, 28 percent, and 19 percent of the worldwide acreage for these crops.
	www.checkbiotech.org /root/index.cfm?fuseaction=news&doc_id=11538&start=1&control=203&page_start=1&page_nr=101&pg=1 (1871 words)

	Expert advice->Crop breeding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		As a consequence of the increasing interest in the topic of plant breeding a general and conclusive discussion on long-term perspectives and contents of plant breeding in organic agriculture is essential.
		It is important to develop explicit definitions for different terms being used in crop breeding for organic agriculture in order to avoid confusions about their exact meaning and to provide a basis for proper discussions.
		Breeding companies will always have to consider the additional benefit but also costs associated with developing a wide range of varieties which are adapted to very specific conditions and the seed production economies associated with varieties which can be used for a wide range of locations.
	www.naturland.org /englisch/n3/seite3_4.html (2509 words)

	Plant Breeding as a Hobby
		Breeding plants to create new varieties and improve upon old ones is a hobby that nearly everyone can engage in.
		The equipment required for plant breeding is relatively inexpensive and easy to use.
		It is advisable to check for this before you begin breeding, for although you frequently can overcome these barriers, some plants cannot be artificially pollinated.
	www.ag.uiuc.edu /%7Evista/html_pubs/PLBREED/pl_breed.html (6847 words)

	Brooklyn Botanic Garden: Crop Breeding—Create Your Own Fruit and Vegetable Varieties
		The seed saver exchanges that have emerged during the past decade provide a rich source of raw materials for plant breeding.
		Glenn Drowns was only sixteen when he started breeding plants, but he was already an experienced and enthusiastic gardener.
		Carol is a full-time plant breeder, working to develop crops for sustainable agriculture.
	www.bbg.org /gar2/topics/kitchen/2001su_breeding.html (2007 words)

	Crop breeding: the Green Revolution and the preceding millennia
		Crop breeding: the Green Revolution and the preceding millennia
		The plant populations selected by these farmers are the basis of today's crops that feed the world.
		The genetic improvement of food crops needs to continue at a pace sufficient to meet the needs of the 8.3 billion people projected in 2025, and Professor Borlaug believes that both conventional breeding and biotechnology methodologies will be needed.
	www.fao.org /english/newsroom/focus/2003/gmo2.htm (708 words)

	Crop Science : Rps8, a new locus in soybean for resistance to Phytophthora sojae. (Crop Breeding, Genetics & ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Crop Science : Rps8, a new locus in soybean for resistance to Phytophthora sojae.
		Start / C / Crop Science / January 01, 2003 / Rps8, a new locus in soybean for resistance to Phytophthora sojae.
		Read 'Crop Science: Rps8, a new locus in soybean for resistance to Phytophthora sojae.
	static.highbeam.com /c/cropscience/january012003/rps8anewlocusinsoybeanforresistancetophytophthoras/index.html (273 words)

	Crop Science : Likelihood-based analysis of genotype--environment interactions. (Crop Breeding, Genetics & ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Crop Science : Likelihood-based analysis of genotype--environment interactions.
		Start / C / Crop Science / September 01, 2002 / Likelihood-based analysis of genotype--environment interactions.
		A MAJOR ISSUE IN PLANT BREEDING is whether or not genotype-environment interactions observed in a multienvironment study involve change in genotype or cultivar ranks.
	static.highbeam.com /c/cropscience/september012002/likelihoodbasedanalysisofgenotypeenvironmentintera/index.html (202 words)

	The Basics of Plant Biotechnology - Monsanto.co.uk
		For centuries, humankind has made improvements to crop plants through selective breeding and hybridization -- the controlled pollination of plants.
		breeding with one very important difference -- plant biotechnology allows for the transfer of a greater variety of genetic information in a more precise, controlled manner.
		Unlike traditional plant breeding, which involves the crossing of hundreds or thousands of genes, plant biotechnology allows for the transfer of only one or a few desirable genes.
	www.monsanto.co.uk /primer/basics.html (178 words)

	CBS News \| In Crop Breeding, The Rice Is Right \| April 5, 2002 00:36:33
		Rice is a staple for half the world's population, and the decoding of its genes is expected to help alleviate world hunger by making it easier for scientists to come up with varieties that are more nutritious and have higher yields.
		Conventional plant breeding is a laborious process, sometimes requiring a decade or more of crossing and back-crossing plants to ensure that the resulting crop variety has the best traits possible.
		"Conventional plant breeding is going to be the major benefactor of the genomics era," said Benjamin Burr, a plant geneticist at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2002/04/04/tech/main505435.shtml (648 words)

	ERS/USDA Data - Plant Breeding Research and Development
		A new study of plant breeding research is currently underway and being conducted by researchers at Auburn University.
		Public Sector Plant Breeding in a Privatizing World—Intellectual property protection, globalization, and pressure on public budgets in many industrialized countries have shifted the balance of plant breeding activity from the public to the private sector.
		Public sector involvement in plant breeding may have benefits to society that the private sector's activities may not, fostering greater sharing of information and more work on traits of plant varieties that may be under-researched by private breeding programs.
	www.ers.usda.gov /data/plantbreeding (791 words)

	Crop Science : Characteristics of timothy genotypes divergently selected for fiber traits.(Crop Breeding, Genetics ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Start / C / Crop Science / January 01, 2004 / Characteristics of timothy genotypes divergently selected for fiber traits.(Crop Breeding, Genetics and Cytology)
		The improvement of nutritive value is an important breeding objective in timothy.
		Read 'Crop Science: Characteristics of timothy genotypes divergently selected for fiber traits.(Crop Breeding, Genetics and Cytology)' with a FREE Trial for instant access »
	static.elibrary.com /c/cropscience/january012004/characteristicsoftimothygenotypesdivergentlyselect/index.html (269 words)

	Crop Science : BSSS53 as a donor source for increased whole-kernel methionine in maize: selection and evaluation of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Crop Science : BSSS53 as a donor source for increased whole-kernel methionine in maize: selection and evaluation of high-methionine inbreds and hybrids.(Crop Breeding, Genetics and Cytology) @ HighBeam Research
		Start / C / Crop Science / September 01, 2003 / BSSS53 as a donor source for increased whole-kernel methionine in maize: selection and evaluation of high-methionine inbreds and hybrids.(Crop Breedin
		Read 'Crop Science: BSSS53 as a donor source for increased whole-kernel methionine in maize: selection and evaluation of high-methionine inbreds and hybrids.(Crop Breeding, Genetics and Cytology)' with a FREE Trial for instant access »
	static.elibrary.com /c/cropscience/september012003/bsss53asadonorsourceforincreasedwholekernelmethion/index.html (311 words)

	Cereal Research Centre - Pulse crop breeding, pathology, and agronomy for western Canada
		Pulse crop breeding, pathology, and agronomy for western Canada.
		To identify and develop pea lines with improved resistance to mycosphaerella blight, powdery mildew, Fusarium wilt and the root rot complex, which are the major diseases of field peas in western Canada and to reduce losses from these diseases through biological control, chemical control and cultural practices, and the integration of these methods.
		To identify agronomic practices useful in the production of pulse crops that improve return on investment to producers as well as agronomic practices that improve sustainability of the soil resource base.
	res2.agr.ca /winnipeg/st10_e.htm (161 words)

	CRP - Physical mapping technologies for identification and characterization of mutated genes contributing to crop ...
		To accelerate crop breeding programmes through the application of physical mapping and complementary genomic approaches; and the characterization and utilization of induced mutants for improvement of crop quality with the objective of increasing agricultural sustainability, food security, economic stability, and alleviating local quality-related food problems.
		The improvement of yield and quality traits, as well as the reduction of post-harvest losses in agricultural crops is hampered by the lack of information on the genes underlying these characters.
		Genetic linkage maps of various densities are being constructed in most of the crops, providing markers that may be used for marker-assisted breeding.
	www.iaea.org /programmes/nafa/d2/crp/d2_3024.html (731 words)

	Crop Breeding Services offers the service of ‘marker harvest’. This is made possible as individual plants are sown in ...
		Crop Breeding Services offers the service of ‘marker harvest’.
		Crop Breeding Services offers the service of ‘Tissue Sampling’ for marker assisted selection.
		This is made possible as individual plants are sown in such a way that they have their own identity (co-ordinates) and so plant material can be harvested into labeled vials and air freighted to any capital city or DNA extraction laboratory.
	www.cropbreedingservices.com.au /marker_harvest.htm (132 words)

	Crop and Weed Sciences Fact Sheet
		The crop and weed sciences (CWS) major in the Department of Plant Sciences is the study of grain and forage crop production, weed science, genetics, plant breeding, crop physiology and plant biotechnology.
		North Dakota also ranks in the top 10 states for production of several other agronomic crops including oat, rye, sugar beet and grass hay and usually ranks third in total acreage of crops harvested.
		Crops utilized as livestock feed account for much of the cash income credited to livestock sales.
	www.ndsu.edu /ndsu/academic/factsheets/ag/cropweed.shtml (1029 words)

	Crop Science: Quantitative trait loci conditioning resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat line F201R. (Crop ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Crop Science: Quantitative trait loci conditioning resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat line F201R.
		WHEAT IS A STAPLE FOOD CROP in the USA and worldwide.
		In the past decade, there have been epidemics of FHB in many areas where the flowering period coincides with warm and wet weather.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_go1469/is_200305/ai_n7524982 (204 words)

	Tân Chúi-píⁿ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		MAGAZINES Crop Science 11/1/2001 Gunduz, I. Buss, G. Ma, G. Chen, P. Tolin, S. alleles confer differential reaction to SMV strains G1 through G7 as defined by Cho and Goodman (1979, 1982).
		The Rsv1 locus maps to linkage group F and has been associated with flanking closely linked markers (Yu et al., 1994).
		MAGAZINES Crop Science 11/1/2002 Martinez-Reyna, J.M. Vogel, K.P. P-6 P-8 85 50.6 Normal Compatible seed set pollen Incompatible [ chi P ([dagger]) Cross ([section]) ([paragraph]) pollen (#) square...
	taiwanese.encyclopedia.st /T%c3%a2n_Ch%c3%bai-p%c3%ad%e2%81%bf (999 words)

	Raymond F. Baker Center for Plant Breeding
		Plant breeding programs at Iowa State are recognized throughout the world for their very significant contributions to the productivity and quality of crop cultivars.
		The plant breeding programs at Iowa State have been unique because they have integrated basic research on breeding methods and germplasm enhancement with the development of improved cultivars.
		The Raymond F. Baker Center for Plant Breeding, along with The Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture and RAFI-USA, sponsored the Seeds and Breeds II: A Conference to Reinvigorate Public Breeding of Seeds and Animals for a Healthy 21st Century Agriculture.
	www.plantbreeding.iastate.edu (397 words)

	Crop Modeling, QTL Mapping, and Their Complementary Role in Plant Breeding -- Yin et al. 95 (1): 90 -- Agronomy Journal
		Crop Modeling, QTL Mapping, and Their Complementary Role in Plant Breeding -- Yin et al.
		Crop Modeling, QTL Mapping, and Their Complementary Role in Plant Breeding
		, heritability • MAB, marker-assisted breeding • QTL, quantitative trait locus or loci • QTL
	agron.scijournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/95/1/90 (479 words)

	Crop Science: Selecting increased seed density to increase indirectly soybean seed protein concentration. (Crop ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Crop Science: Selecting increased seed density to increase indirectly soybean seed protein concentration.
		Thus, development of high yielding soybean genotypes with increased seed protein concentration is desirable and has become a major objective of some soybean breeding programs.
		Soybean seed protein concentration is a trait with relatively high heritability.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_go1469/is_200203/ai_n6784540 (197 words)

	'US$15 billion needed' for African crop research - SciDev.Net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Although the report says that genetically modified crops have the potential to alleviate hunger in Africa, it acknowledges that some countries are reluctant to adopt the technology.
		Other biotechnologies, such as tissue culture and using molecular techniques to accelerate conventional crop breeding, should still be pursued, it says.
		In addition to boosting investment in crop research, the report calls for more funding to improve education, supplies of drinking water, irrigation and rural roads.
	www.scidev.net /News/index.cfm?fuseaction=readNews&itemid=2285&language=1 (603 words)

	Genetic Mapping in Maize with Hybrid Progeny Across Testers and Generations: Grain Yield and Grain Moisture -- Austin ...
		Crop Sci., January 1, 2005; 45(1): 114 - 122.
		Crop Sci., January 1, 2004; 44(1): 274 - 282.
		Crop Sci., July 1, 2002; 42(4): 1309 - 1315.
	crop.scijournals.org /cgi/content/full/40/1/30 (4613 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Agricultural Crop Issues and Policies (1993)
		By 1983, the national programs had released over 1,000 new varieties of cereals, legumes, and root crops developed with IARC-provided germplasm (Anderson et al., 1988) (Table 2-1).
		By 1983, HYVs of wheat and rice had supplanted traditional varieties on approximately half of the lands used for these cereal crops in all developing countries, and in certain countries this occurred to an even greater extend (Dalrymple, 1986a,b).
		Yield increases attributable to the new cereal varieties alone (excluding increases attributable to fertilizers and other inputs) exceeded 36 million metric tons in 1983 over the yields in 1970, sufficient to meet the annual needs of 500 million people (Anderson et al., 1988).
	books.nap.edu /books/0309044308/html/92.html (557 words)

	Agronomy Department :: Department of Agronomy
		Faculty and staff are involved in research that builds the body of scientific knowledge, ranging from very basic molecular-level projects to applied, field-oriented projects.
		The ultimate objective is to make crop production more efficient, more productive, and economically and environmentally sustainable.
		Some Part of that process crop may include consideration for application of anhydrous ammonia fertilizer.
	www.agron.iastate.edu (211 words)

	Horticulture Fact Sheet
		Horticulture is an art as old as the "ancient garden" and a science as new as today's "genetic engineering." It involves intensive cropping technology, including the development, production, distribution, and utilization of vegetables, fruits, woody landscape, and greenhouse plants.
		Areas of research include horticultural plant breeding, pesticide evaluation, crop physiology, product testing and quality control, plant propagation and biotechnology.
		They also may be employed for research positions by the USDA, and other government agencies, public and private botanical gardens and institutions and various horticulture, breeding and biotechnology companies.
	www.ndsu.edu /ndsu/academic/factsheets/ag/hortfore.shtml (786 words)

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