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Topic: Cross (heraldry)

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	Aioe.org Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cross bond, a form of bricklaying, in which the joints of one stretcher course come midway between those of the stretcher courses above and below, a course of headers and stretchers intervening.
		Cross reference, a reference made from one part of a book or register to another part, where the same or an allied subject is treated of.
		Cross wires, fine wires made to traverse the field of view in a telescope, and moved by a screw with a graduated head, used for delicate astronomical observations; spider lines.
	dict.aioe.org /cgi-bin/adict.pl?Query=Cross&Method=All&Languages=All&Strategy=exact (3064 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Heraldry (C) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In heraldry, a chapournet is a chaperonnet or little hood, borne in a coat of arms to signify that the chief is divided by a bow-shaped line.
		In heraldry a cockatrice is a representation of the mythical cockatrice, a reptile with the head, wings, and legs of a bird, and tail of a serpent.
		In heraldry, the cross patee is a cross of four equal length arms that taper towards the center of the cross.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /U1.HTM (1609 words)

	Cross - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Christian cross identifies a Christian in most Christian groups and is a symbol for the Christian God (especially Jesus as a reminder of the redeeming sacrifice of the Crucifixion on the True Cross), or a Christian object or location in most Christianity groups.
		Odin's symbol in Norse mythology was a cross in a circle.
		The Southern Cross is a constellation of the Southern Hemisphere.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cross (486 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Heraldry (P) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In heraldry a pall is a figure resembling the Roman Catholic pallium, or pall, and having the form of the letter Y. It consists of half a pale issuing from the base, and cojoined in the fesse point with half a saltire from the dexter and the sinister chief.
		In heraldry a pallet is a diminutive of the pale, being a perpendicular band upon an escutcheon, one half the breadth of the pale.
		In heraldry a patriarchal cross is a cross, the shaft of which is intersected by two transverse beams, the upper one being the smaller.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /U6.HTM (890 words)

	Christian cross - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Even a large portion of the cross of the 'good thief' crucified with Jesus (who came to be given the name Dismas in medieval legend) has been recovered; it is reverenced at Rome in the altar of the Chapel of the Relics at the church of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme.
		Connected with the cross is the medieval legend of the Tree of Jesse, from the wood of which the cross was said to have been fashioned.
		Denotes a glorification of the cross, this form was inspired by the cult of the cross that arose after Saint Helena's discovery of the true cross in Jerusalem in 327.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Christian_cross (1731 words)

	[No title]
		A cross and saltire of chain conjoined to an orle of chain that duplicates the outline of the arms of Navarre might be possible but it would have a weight of 8 and would be highly allusive to the arms of that kingdom.
		Cross of Samildanach (10) - This is an SCA invention.
		In Iberian heraldry it was not unknown to have bordures "azure, seme de lys Or" possibly as an allusion to the arms of France.
	www.s-gabriel.org /heraldry/lothar/picdic.txt (25052 words)

	Cross article - Cross Swastika Crosses markings Crosses emblems Crosses symbols Crosses - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A cross is a geometrical figure consisting of two lines or bars crossing each other at a 90° angle, dividing one or two of the lines in half.
		It is one of the most ancient human symbols and crosses are symbols of many religions.
		The Red Cross as a symbol for medical care in most of the world, (the Red Crescent being used in Islamic countries).
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Cross (342 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Ecclesiastical Heraldry
		The processional cross (Figure 14), which, within his province, is carried in front of (but not by) an archbishop -- a privilege granted to all archbishops by Gregory IX -- is also used armorially, being represented in pale behind the shield.
		The cross of an ordinary archbishop has but a single traverse; in practice it is really a crucifix placed on the summit of a staff; but heraldry distinguishes the cross of an archbishop from the primatial cross which has the double traverse (Figure 15) and the papal cross with the treble traverse.
		The arms granted by the papal Brief to the Archbishopric of Westminster consist of the pallium (without the cross in pale as in the Anglican shields) upon a field of gules, and the same device is used by the Archbishop of Glasgow.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/07243a.htm (4408 words)

	Heraldry from J.C. Signs and Scenes - heraldic art, sign writing, gold leaf, pub signs, gilding
		Heraldry has been termed "the shorthand of history", the earliest known heraldic device is the Chaldean bas relief from 4,000 BC.
		Heraldry was the sign or advertisement of belonging to the ranks of the nobility- a hereditary position.
		One good example is the John's Cross Inn; the hamlet of John's Cross was a marshalling point for the Crusaders under the banner of John of Jerusalem (John the Baptist) and his cross is incorporated within the sign.
	www.jc-signsandscenes.co.uk /heraldry/heraldry.htm (548 words)

	Cross Symbolism - Like A Cat Symbols and Meanings
		The ankh was the Egyptian cross of life, representing the union of male and female sexual symbols: a female oval surmounting a male cross.
		The cross was not adopted until long after the departure of Jesus, because he who dies on the cross is considered cursed by God.
		This version of the cross is not an inappropriate symbol for a church with a male-oriented structure, for in early societies it was a phallic symbol.
	kspark.kaist.ac.kr /Jesus/Cross%20Symbolism.htm (878 words)

	Episcopal Heraldry in the US
		Connecticut (1784) has a saltire with crossed swords in chief midpoint and on an escutcheon at midpoint a key and crozier in saltire, with a chief of three vines (from the state arms), surmounted by a mitre.
		On a cross over all 7 stars 1, 2, 2, 2 and at center in inescutcheon with three lamps 2 and 1, between 1 a pine cone, 2 two Indians paddling a canoe, 3 a beaver rampant, 4 a shovel and pick in saltire, surmounted by a mitre.
		Northwestern Pennsylvania (1911) argent on a pale 3 balls, a chief wavy azure and argent (for Lake Erie), surmounted by a mitre.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/usa/episcopa.htm (3668 words)

	Brewer, E. Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Cross.
		The cross is said to have been made of four sorts of wood (palm, cedar, olive, and cypress), to signify the four quarters of the globe.
		Runic crosses were set up by the Scandinavians as boundary marks, and were erected over the graves of kings and heroes.
		It was one of the emblems of Quetzal coatl, as lord of the four cardinal points, and the four winds that blow therefrom.”—Fiske: Discovery of America, vol.
	www.bartleby.com /81/4372.html (258 words)

	Cross
		A cross is often used as a check mark because it can be clearer, easier to create with an ordinary pen or pencil, and less obscuring of the text or image that is already present than a large dot.
		The cross doesn't have to be at this particular angle to qualify as a saltire; the symbol
		cross (the default if there are no additional specifying words) has arms of roughly equal length, artistically proportioned to the particular shape of the shield, which extend to the edges of the shield.
	www.americancollegeofheraldry.org /cross.htm (1291 words)

	The Points of Heraldry
		Heraldry: the art of devising, blazoning, and granting armorial insignia and the tracing and recording of genealogies.
		Since colored inks were not always available in the days that heraldry was being developed, the colors as respresented in fl ink on white paper are depicted in certain images.
		The cross, which is actually the fesse and pale joined and usually occupying one fifth of the field.
	www.geocities.com /pheon.geo/heraldry.htm (2552 words)

	Pimbley's Dictionary of Heraldry
		On the tomb of Queen Elizabeth are emblazoned the arms of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders, and of Henry I and Matilda of Scotland, all, of course, pure inventions.
		Cross - One of the earliest and noblest of the honorable ordinaries.
		CROSS PATEE - The emblem of the Knights of St. John, and is known as the Croix de Malthe.
	www.pictavia.org /library/heraldrydictionary.html (18611 words)

	The Maltese Cross - Order of Malta in the UK
		The symmetrical "Maltese Cross" is seen in ancient mosques in Jerusalem, Damascus and Baghdad.
		One of its earliest architectural uses in Europe was in Sicily, where it appears as a repeating motif in the splendid cloister courtyard of Monreale Abbey, built during the reign of a twelfth-century Norman King of Sicily, William II.
		By the thirteenth century, the Cross of Malta was a common heraldic symbol in England, France, Germany and Poland.
	www.orderofmalta.org.uk /cross.htm (298 words)

	Heraldry Clipart ETC
		Heraldry, Esquire Esquire's sidelong helmet, with visor shut.
		Heraldry, Party per pale Two-tone shield, divided vertically.
		Vair Vair is one of the furs in heraldry composed of several silver and blue pieces representing little shields.
	etc.usf.edu /clipart/galleries/designs/heraldry_2.htm (1155 words)

	English Heraldry and Blazon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		By the mid-twelfth century, heraldry had emerged in both England and Europe, and by the second half of the thirteenth century, coats of arms were being recorded by heralds in rolls of arms.
		The cross, one of the first charges, admits to scores of variations, including the cross bottony, cross paty, cross flory, cross crosslet, cross moline, and Maltese cross.
		The lines of partition that divide the field need not be plain but can be ornamental, although in early heraldry, there were fewer lines of partition and their meaning was less exact; indented, for example, a version with three indentations called dancetty, and undy or wavy all were regarded as the same.
	itsa.ucsf.edu /~snlrc/britannia/flowers/heraldry.html (1116 words)

	Family Coat of Arms / Crest on Family Tree Charts by The Tree Maker
		Heraldry, the study of family coat of arms or family crest for surnames in genealogy, is a hobby genealogist love.
		The Celtic Cross jewelry or Heraldry ring design with your family crest that we offer, are of the highest quality.
		We can design a Heraldic or Heraldry jewelry ring for you with almost any coat of arms or family crest.
	www.thetreemaker.com (920 words)

	Authentic Heraldry Made Simple
		The heraldry of today is not the same as the heraldry of the thirteenth century, and the heraldry of thirteenth century England was not the same as the heraldry of fifteenth century Portugal.
		Heraldry was created by nobles for nobles, probably as an adjunct to the tournament, which also evolved in the 12th and 13th centuries.
		The closest that medieval heraldry came to merit badge heraldry was in canting arms, rebuses, burgher or guild heraldry (which could be self-conscious advertisements) or the rare and remarkable device that alluded to some act performed by a member of the family.
	www.adrianempire.org /heraldry/library/lothar/medievalheraldry.html (17354 words)

	Order of St. Lazarus - Heraldry of the Order
		This cross became an eight-pointed cross vert bordered argent as of the magistracy of Jean de Levis.
		They also state that the cross hanging from the sash (worn from the right shoulder to the left hip) would be "an eight-pointed and pommetted cross Or, in the angles of which would be four fleur-de-lys of the same metal".
		Before closing the subject of the cross, mention must be made of the "croix d'ecole" (the school cross) which was awarded to the most promising students of the Military School.
	www.st-lazarus.net /world/arms.htm (4942 words)

	Heraldry and Coat of Arms Symbols (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Indeed, it is a striking counter-example to the misconception that heraldry was ever the preserve of the nobility or the knights, that Jews have been using coats of arms as far back as the 14th century, not only privately but also in their official dealings with Gentiles (e.g., seals on legal documents).
		Heraldry spread from the noble and knightly class to the merchant, craftsmen and farming classes from the 14th century on.
		"Heraldry is known to have existed in Ireland by the 13th century, imported by the English conquerors.
	www.britam.org /genealogy/heraldry.html (3725 words)

	Passion Cross
		The Passion Cross is a form of Latin Cross with pointed ends.
		The Passion Cross is named from the original meaning, and refers to Christ's suffering on the cross - not just the obvious physical pain, nor from the mocking crowd, the mocking crown of thorns, the mocking sign and the mocking robe.
		His cross was a cross of passion, but a passion trustfully and actively embraced.
	www.seiyaku.com /customs/crosses/passion.html (977 words)

	Pommee Cross
		We usually think of a 'cross' as simply two intersecting beams, but in fact there are many different designs.
		From a distance, it looks a bit like a Budded Cross and like that cross, it is often seen vert in heraldry and on old coins.
		We should not confuse the Pommee Cross with the Apple Cross however; that's a completely different design, often used by Christian groups in North America for awarding to elementary school teachers.
	www.seiyaku.com /customs/crosses/pommee.html (506 words)

	Pimbley's Dictionary of Heraldry - P (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Patriarchal cross - (pa'tri-ar-kal) A cross in which the shaft is twice crossed, the lower arms being longer than the upper.
		Pointed - Said of a cross when its ends are so cut; as, a cross pointed.
		It is represented in engraving by diagional lines declining from the right top of the shield to the left base (from sinister chief to dexter base).
	digiserve.com /heraldry/pimb_p.htm (1493 words)

	The Meanings Behind the Symbols: Family Crests, Blazons, Coat of Arms, Personalized Crests
		The most commonly accepted meanings are given, but scholars vary in the their opinions concerning the reliability of any "commonly held" historic meanings for coats of arms and crests.
		A mythical animal with the body of a stag, the tail of a unicorn, a tusk at the tip of the nose, tufts down the back of the neck, chest, and thighs (usually represented with two straight horns serrated on one side)
		Usually a roundle, crossed with wavy bars of blue and white; represents water, a spring
	www.fleurdelis.com /meanings.htm (2079 words)

	Crosses in heraldry
		Largely because of their extensive use during the Crusades, crosses play a major role in heraldry.
		Beyond geometrical concenience, there can be no doubt that the heraldic cross was intended to represent the Sarced Cross.
		But with the contemporary shortening of the shields, the shape of the cross changed as well.
	www.geocities.com /abcheraldry/crosses.html (87 words)

	Unique Celtic Cross Jewelry - Heraldry Customized Family Crest Ring
		The unique Celtic Cross jewelry and Heraldry customized family crest ring are of the highest quality.
		The Heraldry, Celtic, or Irish, history of those surnames may or may not be in line with your own family genealogy.
		The only way to be certain that your Heraldry or Heraldic family crest ring is of the correct coat of arms or family crest is to have your surname researched by a professional genealogist.
	www.thetreemaker.com /heraldry-celtic-jewelry.html (684 words)

	Roll of Arms of rec.heraldry
		Per chevron wavy in chief per pale azure and sable and in base argent, i n chief an estoile or and in base a bell sable accompanied by two barrulets wavy crestd to the sinister on the upper edge per pale asure and sable.
		Argent a cross moline Sable, on a chief Gules 3 escallops Or
		Argent on a fess engrailed and counter-engrailed Azure a Greek cross Argent within a horseshoe inverted Or between two fish naiant and addorsed Argent in chief three lozenges in fess Gules and in base three lozenges two and one Azure.
	jgrimbert.free.fr /herald/rh (3612 words)

	Georgia State Flag
		These flags were to depict the "arms of the State" and the name of the regiment, but the code gave no indication as to the color to be used on the arms or the flag's background.
		In heraldry, "arms" refers to a coat of arms, which is the prominent design--usually shown on a shield--located at the center of an armorial bearing or seal.
		Arms usually appear on seals, but they are not synonymous with seals.
	www.e-referencedesk.com /resources/state-flag/georgia.html (1534 words)

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