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Topic: Cross (disambiguation)

	Iron Cross - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Iron Cross originally was the symbol of the Teutonic Knights (a heraldic cross pattée) and the cross design (but not the specific decoration) is the symbol of Germany's armed forces (the Bundeswehr) and was the symbol of the German armed forces since about 1870.
		The Iron Cross (a fl four-pointed cross with white trim, with the arms widening towards the ends, similar to a Maltese Cross) was designed by the neoclassical architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel and reflects the cross borne by the Teutonic Knights in the 14th century, which was also the emblem of Frederick the Great.
		The Iron Cross was also used as the symbol of the German Army until 1915, when it was replaced by a simpler Greek cross, which was easier to recognize from a distance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iron_Cross (2258 words)

	King's Cross railway station - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		King's Cross station is a railway station in the King's Cross district of north east central London.
		According to legend, King's Cross is built on the site of Boudica's final battle, or else her body is buried under one of the platforms there.
		King's Cross is the signage used in the Network Rail and London Underground stations and on the tube map.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Kings_Cross_railway_station (1470 words)

	Cross -
		A cross is often used as a check mark because it can be clearer, easier to create with an ordinary pen or pencil, and less obscuring of the text or image that is already present than a large dot.
		The cross doesn't have to be at this particular angle to qualify as a saltire; the symbol X can also be considered a St. Andrew's Cross.
		The Crux, or Southern Cross, is a cross-shaped a constellation in the Southern Hemisphere.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Cross (1687 words)

	White Cross Resources & Information - black and white cross
		A cross is a geometrical figure consisting of 14k white gold childrens cross two lines or bars intersecting large white gold cross each other at a 90° angle, dividing one or two of the lines in half.
		The cross dave white cross country coach doesn't have to be at this particular angle to qualify as a saltire; the symbol X can also be considered a St. Andrew's Cross.
		A simple heraldic cross (the default if there are no additional specifying words) premiere white cross dissolve has arms of roughly equal length, artistically proportioned to the particular shape of the shield, which extend to the edges of the shield.
	www.bizhisto.com /Biz-Retail-Companies-W---Z/White-Cross.html (1641 words)

	Cross section - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In geometry, a cross section is the intersection of a 3-dimensional body with a plane; see cross section (geometry).
		In differential and algebraic geometry and topology, a cross section is an alternative name for a section of a Fiber bundle or a sheaf.
		In physics, a cross section represents the probability of an interaction event between two particles; see cross section (physics).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cross_section (135 words)

	Vector
		The cross product (also vector product or outer product) differs from the dot product primarily in that the result of a cross product of two vectors is a vector.
		Because the cross product depends on the choice of coordinate systems, its result is referred to as a pseudovector.
		Fortunately, in nature cross products tend to come in pairs, so that the "handedness" of the coordinate system is undone by a second cross product.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ve/Vector.html (1624 words)

	Greek cross (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Christian Cross, Latin Cross, or Crux ordinaria identifies a Christian in most Christian groups and is a symbol for the Christian God (especially Jesus as a reminder of the redeeming sacrifice of the Crucifixion on the True Cross), or a Christian object or location in most Christianity groups.
		Odin's symbol in Norse mythology was a cross in a circle.
		The Southern Cross is a constellation of the Southern Hemisphere.
	guideofpills.com /Greek_cross.html (1193 words)

	eXtended WordNet
		The glosses are represented by the tag that inlcludes the synonym set, the text of the gloss, the parse tree, the logic form tranformation and the semantic disambiguation of the gloss.
		The semantic disambiguation part is marked by the tag and includes words represented by the tag and punctuation represented by the tag.
		The second phase is the effective disambiguation that consists of assigning to each open class word the correct sense using its part of speech.
	xwn.hlt.utdallas.edu /wsd.html (1218 words)

	Red Cross - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Red Cross
		Its symbol is a symmetrical red cross on a white ground.
		In addition to dealing with associated problems of war, such as refugees and the care of the disabled, the Red Cross is concerned with victims of natural disasters – floods, earthquakes, epidemics, and accidents.
		The Red Cross said in June 1999 that 1998 had been the worst year for natural disasters in modern times.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Red+Cross (409 words)

	Cross (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Christian form of blessing by tracing a cross over oneself or another person or thing originated before A.D. The oldest Christian remains contain drawings of crosses and cruciform artifacts, and the fact that the cross was the Christian emblem before the toleration of Christianity is shown by the vision of Constantine I.
		Devotion to the cross as a symbol of the Passion is an outstanding development (from the 11th cent.) in the history of Christian piety; it has ever since been an essential part of the public and private religious life of Roman Catholics.
		The cross was the badge of the Crusades and was adopted as the emblem of the Templars, of the Knights Hospitalers (Knights of Malta), and of the Teutonic Knights.
	journals.aol.com /wilmrdex/CharacterofGod/entries/219 (911 words)

	Red Cross (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement or its two leading international organizations, the International Committee of the Red Cross or the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
		The Anarchist Black Cross was originally called the "Anarchist Red Cross".
		The Royal Red Cross is a military decoration awarded in the United Kingdom for exceptional services in military nursing.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Red_Cross (175 words)

	Ide
		It is well known that the most nagging issue for word sense disambiguation (WSD) is the definition of just what a word sense is. At its base, the problem is a philosophical and linguistic one that is far from being resolved.
		By determining the translation equivalent of duty in a parallel French text, the correct sense of the English word is identified.
		Hearst, Marti A. "Noun homograph disambiguation using local context in large corpora." Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference of the University of Waterloo Centre for the New OED and Text Research, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1-19.
	jefferson.village.virginia.edu /ach-allc.99/proceedings/ide.html (1795 words)

	MSc Dissertation Projects 2004-2005 (RJG/MRH/MS/YW)
		An aim would be to find a language processing task for which these measures could be used (for example, word sense disambiguation or spelling correction) and carry out an experiment to decide which is the most effective.
		Commonly, researchers investigating the use of TBL for some task have coded their own implementation of the approach tailored to the given purpose, and these implementations often cannot readily be reused for other tasks.
		Automatically assigning the correct sense to a word in a given context is a challenging task, known as `disambiguation', and one of significance for practical natural language processing systems.
	www.dcs.shef.ac.uk /~robertg/teach/msc_proj/nlpproj_msc_0405.html (4340 words)

	[No title]
		It was found that, in general, no more than a few minutes are required for a casual user to decide on the intended meaning of an ambiguous W in its most frequent contexts, thus resulting in the immediate disambiguation of thousands of occurrences of W in the text.
		The method is also very useful in information retrieval contexts, where it gives the user an efficient tool for specifying, in a query with an ambiguous word, which of the word's contexts should be retrieved, thus greatly enhancing the precision of the retrieval.
		Finally, it is expected that by gradually accumulating these disambiguation decisions in the appropriate word-entry of the available automatic dictionary of the language, "local expert systems" for many ambiguous words will develop, that can greatly facilitate ambiguity resolution in practical situations.
	www.sigir.org /sigirlist/issues/1987/87-3-21 (1688 words)

	Holy Cross -
		The Greek Orthodox Monastery of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem.
		The College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, or a number of other Holy Cross Colleges.
		The Holy Cross dispute surrounding Holy Cross Primary School in Ardoyne, Belfast in 2001 and 2002.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Holy_Cross (188 words)

	The RATF Formula (Kwok's Formula): Exploiting Average Term Frequency in Cross-Language Retrieval
		Query structuring using the syn-operator has been shown to be an effective disambiguation method in many CLIR studies (Ballesteros and Croft, 1998; Gollins, 2000; Hedlund, et al., 2001a; Meng, et al., 2000; Oard and Wang, 2001; Pirkola, 1998; Pirkola, et al., 2000; Sperer and Oard, 2000).
		An important point is that one has to make difference between the disambiguation effect of a proximity operation and phrase-based searching.
		The disambiguation effect of the uwn-operator refers to the fact that normally a combination of two mistranslated keys does not make any sense.
	informationr.net /ir/7-2/paper127.html (5778 words)

	Cross-Language Information Retrieval: An Analysis of Errors
		Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) refers to retrieval when the query and the database are in different languages.
		Disambiguation strategies are typically employed to reduce translation errors.
		For our cross language experiments, these 106 queries are first translated into Spanish by a native Spanish speaker.
	informatics.buffalo.edu /faculty/ruiz/publications/iowa-asis98.html (5707 words)

	Second Description of English-Chinese Text Retrieval Interface
		Upon the investigator's request, both subjects examined the disambiguation and results areas.
		In addition, both subjects thought that instead of checkboxes, one text area should be used to display multiple terms for disambiguation (together with their translations) and another for the summary of retrieved documents.
		Translation disambiguation area is split into two parts: the "Terms with multiple translations" and "Terms that have no translation." We believe that informing searchers of translation-missing query terms is very important.
	www.glue.umd.edu /~katyn/708l/project/Description2.htm (517 words)

	NLP Group at UNED > Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Cross Language Evaluation Forum, Working Notes for the CLEF 2005 Workshop.
		Word Sense Disambiguation based on Term to Term Similarity in a Context Space.
		The role of conceptual relations in Word Sense Disambiguation.
	nlp.uned.es /pergamus/pages/p_publications.php (1627 words)

	A Cross-Language Information Retrieval System based
		Due to the fact that the disambiguation is based on context information of the query, it has to be at least of the length of a paragraph.
		WordNet's morphological analysis of the word form to get lemmata (if the word is not found in the dictionary it remains unchanged and is treated as a proper noun).
		For any entry the individual translations in the target languages and an abstract definition of the word is specified.
	www.uni-koblenz.de /~harbusch/harbusch-girmann.htm (283 words)

	Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Corporate Site
		Trying to search Arabic texts without morphological and disambiguation capabilities yields such low levels of accuracy as to make it virtually pointless.
		Morfix models the complete lexical and morphological knowledge of a native Arabic speaker, allowing it to identify, analyze, and process Arabic with unparalleled accuracy.
		ETL overcomes the inaccuracies of machine translation by combining deep linguistic processing, statistical analysis, and contextual disambiguation.
	corporate.britannica.com /nlt/arabic.html (546 words)

	Conference Materials
		Two aspects are particularly prominent: segmentation and disambiguation.
		Disambiguating the attachment of the relative by relying exclusively on semantic/pragmatic information, without syntactic reflex (Carreiras and Clifton, 1993, in press; Cuetos and Mitchell, 1988), might, on the other hand, tap post-syntactic strategies.
		The materials, created in parallel in the two languages, are ambiguous in the off-line (questionnaire) task and disambiguated syntactically by using number agreement in the on-line (self-paced reading) task, where the critical sequence, _N1 of/de N2_, is presented in one frame.
	cognet.mit.edu /library/conferences/paper?paper_id=44926 (520 words)

	MULINEX project
		The two approaches based on relevance feedback (2.2.5 and 2.2.6) are a step in this direction since expanding a query with the translation of an entire document that is judged relevant tends to smooth out the undesirable effects of wrong translations of single query terms.
		Disambiguation is an important requirement for cross-language retrieval because it helps to avoid the negative consequences of the ambiguities of the source and target languages combined.
		The project will use and further develop corpus-based techniques for syntactic (part of speech) and semantic disambiguation of words depending on their syntactic context and the words with which they co-occur.
	mulinex.dfki.de /publications/mulinex-aaai97-report.html (4106 words)

	CPS 370 - FALL 1997
		Unsupervised learning of disambiguation rules for part of speech tagging.
		Disambiguating noun groupings with respect to WordNet senses.
		Word sense disambiguation using a second language monolingual corpus.
	www.cs.duke.edu /~mlittman/courses/cps370-97 (1176 words)

	Cross-dressing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Cross-dressing is the act of wearing clothing commonly associated with another gender within a particular society.
		A new meaning for the term "cross-dressing" has appeared in the African-American community, where it is used to refer to wearing two different name brands of clothing simultaneously.
		For example, a Tommy Hilfiger hat and FUBU jacket might be referred to as "cross dressing." This use of the term is exclusively negative.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Cross-dressing.htm (2937 words)

	Solar Physics E-Print Archive
		It is shown that resolving the 180-degree ambiguity would be a numerically fully determined problem if the vertical electric current density was known a priori.
		The NPFC disambiguation is otherwise assumption-free, with the quality of the results depending on the quality of the measurements.
		The technique is fast, effective, and physically sound, so it may be instrumental to a routine, real-time, disambiguation of future space-borne solar vector magnetograms.
	solar.physics.montana.edu /cgi-bin/eprint/index.pl?do_by_author=1&authorid=126 (2352 words)

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