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Topic: Cross cutting concern

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	Concern - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computer science, a concern is any piece of interest or focus in a program.
		A concern is cross-cutting to the extent that it scattered and tangled amongst other concerns.
		For example, when programmers simply insert calls to cross-cutting concerns (such as logging, object persistence, etc.) everywhere in the source code where needed, the resultant program leads to a highly-coupled system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Concern (179 words)

	Gender and Development- ADB.org
		Given that poverty is one of the major causes of human trafficking, especially in women and children, it is a global development concern.
		ADB recognizes that it can significantly contribute to preventing and reducing vulnerability to trafficking through its poverty reduction operations in various sectors.
		To better understand the nature and underlying causes of trafficking in women and children and identify how ADB can contribute to addressing anti-trafficking concerns through its country programs and regional policy dialogue, ADB started a Regional Technical Assistance (RETA) Project in South Asia in July 2001.
	www.adb.org /Gender/reta5948.asp (437 words)

	Putting Attributes to Use (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		First of all, keeping the concerns separate increases the level of abstraction for the entire application.
		To be completely up front, a concern does not have to be a set of functions that can be applied to multiple classes.
		The call interception mechanism that's available in.NET is predicated on cross context calls, something that cannot be accomplished with private calls.
	objectsharp.com /Blogs/bruce/articles/198.aspx (2152 words)

	East Timor - Livelihood Security - Our Work - ConcernUSA.org
		Concern Marathon Madness team will set off again on Sunday, November 6 in the ING New York City Marathon.
		Concern has been running a livelihood security program in two remote rural areas of the country (Turiscai and Luro sub-districts) since 2003.
		HIV/AIDS awareness will also be introduced into this program as part of Concern's cross-cutting initiatives to ensure that this issue becomes part and parcel of all activities from education, health and sanitation, to disaster preparedness.
	www.concernusa.org /ourwork/programs.asp?pid=91 (400 words)

	MSDN Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In general, the functionality required by the concern will be implemented in a single class.
		The level of coupling when a concern is maintained in a separate class is quite low.
		The difficult part is in integrating the functionality provided by the concern into existing classes without impacting the class itself.
	msdn.microsoft.com /canada/btl/novwinner (2128 words)

	Glossary of Terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A cross-cutting concern that does not directly relate to the core concern.
		A concern has a purpose which it must fulfill during the life of a program.
		In most cases, people only regard the core concern when looking at a program's functionality.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~swalton/Documents/Glossary.html (95 words)

	Aspect (computer science) - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In computer science, an aspect is a part of a program that cross-cuts its core concerns, therefore violating its separation of concerns.
		Isolating such aspects as logging and persistence from business logic is the aim of the aspect-oriented programming paradigm.
		Another possible view is that every major feature of the program, core concern (business logic), or cross-cutting concern (additional features), is an aspect, and by weaving them together, you finally produce a whole out of the separate aspects.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /a/as/aspect__computer_science_.html (199 words)

	A look at aspect-oriented programming
		In their book, Mastering AspectJ,™ Joseph Gradecki and Nicholas Lesiecki note that OO systems often produce classes that are difficult to change, and code that can't be reused and is difficult to trace through (i.e., numerous inter-object messages make it difficult to follow a logical thread for the code).
		AOP is designed to handle cross-cutting concerns by providing a mechanism, the aspect, for expressing these concerns and automatically incorporating them into a system.
		The multi-dimensional separation of concerns paradigm, for example, has been under development at IBM Research, and an implementation is available in the HyperJ tool (http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/hyperj).
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/rational/library/2782.html (3420 words)

	Component Based Software Development - Introduction: Adaptation and Assembly
		Session beans cover the first model, which is concerned with the execution of operations on behalf of the client, and entity beans cover the second, which covers client access to entities within databases.
		An aspect is a modular unit representing a cross-cutting concern — separable units of behaviour common to multiple classes.
		Subject-oriented programming-in-the-large is concerned with how a system should be subdivided into subjects and what composition rules are needed to compose them correctly.
	cbs.colognet.org /adaptation.php (1672 words)

	NRC: EA-030-060 - Callaway (Union Electric Co.)
		This letter confirmed your acceptance of the White finding as preliminarily characterized, but also requested clarification of our characterization of the cross cutting aspects of the finding which are documented in the subject inspection report.
		Our primary cross cutting concern related to the White finding was the failure of your audit programs and supervisory oversight of surveillance activities to identify the inaccurate tone alert radio database prior to the occurrence of an external event (change in electric service providers) which prompted its discovery.
		The cross cutting aspects of the White finding were documented in Section 4OA2 to facilitate future NRC inspection.
	www.nrc.gov /reading-rm/doc-collections/enforcement/actions/reactors/ea03060.html (1006 words)

	Master's Projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		AOP is based on the idea that computer systems are better programmed by separately specifying the various concerns properties or area of interest of a system and some description of their relationships, and then relying on mechanisms in the underlying AOP environment to automatically weave or compose them together into a coherent program.
		Other concerns, such as logging, will intertwine with many highly unrelated modules.While the tendency in OOP is to find commonality among classes and push it up in the inheritance tree, AOP attempts to realize scattered concerns as first-class elements, and eject them horizontally from the object structure.
		Multidimensional Separation of Concerns (MDSOC) addresses the issues of software evolution and permits effective encapsulation of arbitrary kinds of concerns simultaneously (even when concerns were not anticipated originally) and the integration of separate concerns.
	gaia.ecs.csus.edu /~zhangc/projects.html (10447 words)

	Quoderat » Aspects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		I buy a lot of the argument that it makes sense for cross-application concerns, but I don’t know how many concerns there really are: Logging, Security, and possibly performance monitoring seem to be about it.
		But I’ve also found that the biggest problem seems to be that AOP is seen as dealing with a specific set of cross-cutting concerns only (that would be the logging/security/caching type of group).
		Concern models do provide some support here as do some approaches to bring AOSD to the architectural languages (can’t find the reference just now… It was at the last AOSD).
	www.megginson.com /blogs/quoderat/archives/2005/07/29/aspects (1240 words)

	Committee on Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		We fully share his concern, as expressed in paragraph 61, that existing staffing and budgetary procedures hamper the ability of the organization to respond as effectively and as quickly as desired.
		In fact, a UN that is kept permanently in chronic insolvency or at the brink of bankruptcy, and which therefore cannot effectively respond to the legitimate developmental aspirations of the majority of its members, the developing nations, is a cross cutting concern, affecting all areas of activity of our organisation.
		With regard to paragraph 23.8 of the same report, we strongly believe that the themes of campaigns must be truly reflective of the concerns of the international community.
	www.un.int /india/ind432.htm (1370 words)

	Aspect oriented programming in C#, Attribute programming, AOP in C#, AOP in VB.net, AOP in .NET
		In short all the cross cut code is moved to a separate module, thus increasing more modularity and bringing in ease of maintenance.
		So create modules for Cross cut and Core Concerns separately and then feed both the modules to the compiler.
		In compile time Core concern code and the cross cut code is weaved before been compiled to MSIL code.
	www.geocities.com /aspectdotnet (1546 words)

	A Hybrid Approach to Separation of Concerns: The Story of SADES (SMEALSearch) - Pal,Rangaswamy,Giles,Debnath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although all these approaches form suitable candidates for separating cross-cutting concerns in a system, one approach can be more suitable for implementing certain types of concerns as compared to the others.
		This paper proposes a hybrid approach to separation of concerns.
		The approach is based on using the most suitable approach for implementing each cross-cutting concern in a system.
	gunther.smeal.psu.edu /75093.html (281 words)

	Aspect-oriented Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		That is, programmers can develop aspects to create software modules for issues that cut across various parts of an application.
		An unwanted result of cross-cutting concerns written in a traditional programming language is tangling.
		It is being realized that AOP can even be useful in configurable programs, such as platform-portable, multiple-functionality, mobile, or distributed applications in which cross-cutting concerns span only small parts of the system.
	www.peterindia.net /AOP.html (1076 words)

	Attribute Oriented Programming != Aspect Oriented Programming
		The key to AOP is to capture and modularize cross-cutting concerns.
		Scattering or tangling occurs when the code needed to implement one concern is spread out over and tangled within the code needed to satisfy another concern.
		We call this cross-cutting because the modularization we are seeking cross-cuts the hierarchical structure of OO (actually AOP complements procedural languages as well…but that is another topic).
	weblogs.asp.net /Mnolton/archive/2004/04/23/119181.aspx (1652 words)

	Research Statement for David Coppit
		My research seeks to replace the single code listing that has dominated software development for thirty years, instead using multiple orthogonal views, each of which presents a cross-cutting concern of interest along with any contextual code that is necessary to understand it.
		The cost of associating code with concerns must be reduced in order for this approach to be practical.
		In contrast, software plans is a language-independent approach that treats cross-cutting concerns as inherently different than the functionality that has been traditionally encapsulated using functional and object-oriented language abstractions.
	www.cs.wm.edu /~coppit/research_statement.php (2954 words)

	Department of State Washington File: Text: "Serious Concern" about Some Chinese WTO Compliance Efforts
		At the same time, serious concerns arose in some areas, where implementation had not yet occurred or was inadequate.
		While concerns over market access for U.S. agriculture products are not unique to China, particularly serious problems were encountered on many fronts, including China's regulation of agricultural goods made with biotechnology, the administration of China's tariff-rate quota (TRQ) system for bulk agricultural commodities, the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures and inspection requirements.
		China is taking steps to address both of these concerns, through more effective inter-ministerial mechanisms at the national level, and through a more concerted effort to reinforce the importance of WTO-consistency with sub-national authorities.
	usinfo.org /wf-archive/2003/030319/epf312.htm (1566 words)

	AOP Continued
		The first article was meant to give a glimpse of what AOP does for cross-cutting concerns.
		The basic premise is this: say you build a domain model for an HR system, and later are asked to build a system for sales.
		A cross-cutting concern is an indication that we're trying to model something in the wrong dimension.
	www.volantec.biz /aop2.htm (495 words)

	FTPOnline - VSLive! SF 2005 - 6 Myths of Aspect-Oriented Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		AOP certainly is different from the traditional object paradigm, but it's a solution to a distinct class of problem: the cross-cutting concern.
		Interestingly, many of these concerns traditionally are handled by application servers.
		This is "separation of concerns" at its finest.
	www.fawcette.com /reports/vslivesf/2005/barnaby (848 words)

	How to Address Crosscutting Concerns in Aspect Oriented Software Development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The inability to keep such concerns separate during design and implementation makes a system difficult to understand and maintain.
		A successful solution to this problem involves two things: an engineering technique to separate such concerns from requirements all the way to code and a composition mechanism to merge the design and implementation for each concern to result in the desired system.
		They keep concerns about a kind of object or an abstraction of a real-world phenomena separate.
	www.informit.com /articles/article.asp?p=375541&rl=1 (1122 words)

	Aspect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In computer science, an aspect is part of a program that cross-cuts its core concern s, therefore violating its Separation of concerns.
		Aspect Browser A tool for Java (with optional Emacs support) which helps developers to find and visualise crosscutting concerns, using text matching.
		Composition Filters Modular, orthogonal, aspect-oriented filters which are attached to classes and intercept messages.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Aspect.html (979 words)

	Conceptual Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cross-cutting concerns are those that remain to be addressed across several, or even all, components.
		The purpose of validation is to provide a forum to demonstrate that the architecture is good (technically sound) and right (satisfies stakeholders goals and concerns), and also to provide a venue to question and challenge the architecture.
		It also identifies concerns such as tough issues faced on similar past projects, or new risks accompanying new technical, market or organizational opportunities and directions, and articulates how we will address them.
	www.bredemeyer.com /ArchitectingProcess/ConceptualArchitecture.htm (3445 words)

	United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)
		A strong ACT is vital to ensure that gender is a cross-cutting concern of each of the five core programmes, and in work with member states to promote gender partnership in African development.
		In each of the sectoral areas of concern, partners are welcome to join ECA in devising and implementing programmes of strategic importance.
		Partnerships, on a project, programme and institution-to-institution basis, can all be based on a widely shared concern that ECA be a highly effective producer and disseminator of development data and analysis.
	www.uneca.org /about_eca/renew.htm (11323 words)

	Belgian Symposium and Contact Day - Software Evolution and Aspect-Oriented Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Code implementing a cross-cutting concern is often spread over many different parts of an application.
		First of all, it allows a developer to more easily find the places in the code that must be changed when the concern changes, and thus makes such changes less time consuming and less prone to errors.
		To that end, we manually identify four specific concerns in an industrial C application, and analyze to what extent clone detection is capable of finding these concerns.
	prog.vub.ac.be /FFSE/Symposia/Tourwe.html (178 words)

	Add Object Cache Monitoring Using JMX and Aspects
		The main advantage of AOP is that you can write the code for cross-cutting concerns such as persistence or business rules using Aspects, and apply it declaratively (via Annotations or XML configuration) in the existing code.
		AOP offers a flexible and loosely coupled architecture as far as the application and infrastructure code are concerned.
		Monitoring is a good example of a cross-cutting concern.
	www.devx.com /Java/Article/29526?trk=DXRSS_WEBDEV (1087 words)

	Dan Milstein's Blog: Why I Fear Aspect-Oriented Programming
		Now I understand that it can be a bit tricky to clearly identify when a cross-cutting concern has been introduced into an aspectified system, but just as javadoc helped solve our OO woes so will aop docs.
		This is obviously a cross-cutting concern and if well documented can be localized to a single aspect that would define, via pointcuts which methods are readable, which methods are writable, etc. 2.
		I wasn't trying to state your concern, I was trying to generalize several disparate concerns, here is where I elluded to your concern: "The mere separation, while it may reduce complexity mechanically, may introduce additional conceptual complexity by decreasing visibililty" Visibility, meaning insight into what your code is (or supposed to be) doing.
	weblogs.java.net /pub/wlg/1161 (5123 words)

	MBlog : Greg Wilkins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Filters allow cross cutting concerns to be applied to a web application, which is exactly the gig of Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP).
		Using the implementation domain events to trigger application level concerns may be impossible or at the very least devoid of the application abstractions we so carefully build in OOP.
		The OOP design of Filters does allow cross cutting concerns to be implemented in a modular fashion, so useful if not cool applies.
	www.mortbay.com /MB/log/gregw?permalink=filtersVaspects.html (883 words)

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