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Topic: Crossflow cylinder head

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	Cylinder head - WOI Encyclopedia Italia
		Internally the cylinder head has passages for the fuel/air mixture to travel to the inlet valves from the intake manifold, for exhaust gases to travel from the exhaust valves to the exhaust manifold, and for antifreeze (coolant) to cool the head and engine.
		A V engine usually has two cylinder heads, one at each end of the V, although Volkswagen, for instance, has recently produced a V6 where the angle between the cylinder banks is so narrow that it utilizes a single head.
		The cylinder head is key to the performance of the internal combustion engine, as the shape of the combustion chamber, inlet passages and ports (and to a lesser extent the exhaust) determines a major portion of the volumetric efficiency and compression ratio of the engine.
	www.wheelsofitaly.com /wiki/index.php/Cylinder_head (246 words)

	Crossflow cylinder head Information
		A crossflow cylinder head is a cylinder head that features the intake and exhaust ports on opposite sides.
		This is in contrast to reverse-flow cylinder head designs that have the ports on the same side.
		A crossflow head gives better performance, but the popular explanation put forward for this — that the gases don't have to change direction and hence are moved into and out of the cylinder more efficiently — is largely erroneous since there is no continuous flow because of opening and closing of the valves.
	www.bookrags.com /Crossflow_cylinder_head (224 words)

	Crossflow Aero Corp. > Cylinder Block and Head (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The cylinder head is bolted to the block by six bolts and a force of more than 6 tons is exerted on each bolt, so if they are not of high tensile strength, they will deform.
		In the combustion chamber, repeated explosions occur, requiring the cylinder head to be precisely fitted to the cylinder block.
		The cylinder head is where the balancing of each function must be brought together at a high level of precision.
	www.crossflow.com /tech_info/cylinder_block/cylinder_block.html (696 words)

	Cylinder Gases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Crossflow cylinder head - A crossflow cylinder head is a cylinder head that features the intake and exhaust ports on opposite sides.
		Halbach cylinder - A Halbach cylinder is a magnetized cylinder composed of hard magnetic material producing (in the idealised case) a magnetic field entirely internal to the cylinder with zero field outside.
		Argon Co2 Cylinder Gas Welding - Argon Co2 Cylinder Gas Welding Gas tungsten arc welding - Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), commonly known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, is an arc welding process that uses a nonconsumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld.
	cy93.mkcsoft.com /cylindergases.html (1272 words)

	[No title]
		Because of the special VR-6 cylinder arrangement with two rows of combustion chambers in the same cylinder head, the intake runners between the two cylinder banks are of varying lengths.
		The cylinder bores are 81 mm in diameter with a spacing of 65 mm between cylinders.
		The combustion-chamber side of the head is hardened through a separate chill casting Twenty stretch bolts are used to retain the cylinder head to the block.
	www.me.umn.edu /~byronr/vw/vr6_tech.html (4026 words)

	Crossflow cylinder head - One Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A crossflow cylinder head is a cylinder head that features the inlet and exhaust ports on opposite sides.
		The crossflow head is in contrast to cylinder head designs that have the ports on the same side.
		A crossflow head gives better performance, but the popular explanation put forward for this - that the gases don't have to change direction and hence are moved into and out of the cylinder more efficiently - is largely erroneous.
	www.onelang.com /encyclopedia/index.php/Crossflow_cylinder_head (161 words)

	Cylinder head
		The cylinder head sits atop the cylinders and consists of a platform containing part of the combustion chamber and the location of the valves.
		Internally the cylinder head has passages for air to travel to the inlet valves from the inlet manifold, and passages for exhaust gasses to travel from the exhaust valves to the exhaust manifold.
		The cylinder head is key to the performance of the internal combustion engine, as the shape of the inlet passages and ports (and to a lesser extent the exhaust) determines a major portion of the volumetric efficiency of the engine.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/c/cy/cylinder_head.html (168 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Crossflow cylinder head
		A crossflow head gives better performance, but the popular explanation put forward for this — that the gases don't have to change direction and hence are moved into and out of the cylinder more efficiently — is a simplification since there is no continuous flow because of opening and closing of the valves.
		The other main reason for a crossflow's performance is that the ports and valves can be larger and its physical separation of the hot exhaust manifold keeps the air in the intake manifold cooler.
		This term is used for engines which have only one intake and one exhaust valve per cylinder; four (or five) valves per cylinder engines get their superior performance from total port size, not the relative location of the ports, which doesn't have to be mentioned.
	reference.com /browse/wiki/Crossflow_cylinder_head (326 words)

	Crossflow Aero Corp. > Aircraft Preparation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Crossflow manufacturing process has been refined over many years of development in an effort to create a safe, high quality, high performance aviation engine.
		Crossflow engine with the exception of the cylinder heads, crankshafts, connecting rods and valve covers
		As well, to accommodate the Crossflow conversion we cut the system bridge and re-weld it in a slightly different angle.
	www.crossflow.com /tech_info/manufacturing/manufacturing.html (1289 words)

	Puma Race Engines - Ford Crossflow Tuning Guide
		The crossflow cylinder head was actually the first I ever did flow development work on back in the 1980s.
		Now go and read the first article on cylinder heads and you'll see that if an inlet port is not to restrict its valve it needs to be up to 75% of the valve diameter for road engines and 80% for race engines.
		The crossflow inlet port is therefore small even for its standard 38mm or 39mm valves and to supply a big valve properly like the 41.3mm one it looks like we might potentially need to open up the ports to nearly 31mm (75%) for road tune and 33mm (80%) for race tune.
	www.pumaracing.co.uk /cflow.htm (3992 words)

	Cam-in-block - WOI Encyclopedia Italia
		The cam-in-block valvetrain layout of piston engines is one where the camshaft is placed within the cylinder block, usually beside and slightly above the crankshaft in a straight engine or directly above the crankshaft in the V of a V engine.
		The line of intakes along the side of the engine lead to the name L-head, due to the cylinders having the shape of an upside-down L. This configuration is also known as sidevalve, as the valves are located beside the cylinders.
		The I-head design is one in which the entry and exit valves and ports are contained in the cylinder head.
	www.wheelsofitaly.com /wiki/index.php/Cam-in-block (1411 words)

	Cylinder Gases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It can be a disadvantage to divers who carry few cylinders due to the extra buoyancy the diver pulled a lever and finished the dive before the reserve was consumed.
		Kevlar composite cylinders are used in fire fighting breathing apparatus, but are rarely used for diving cylinder consists of several parts: the pressure vessel is normally made of forged aluminium or steel.
		To release the reserve, the diver that the cylinder was nearly empty.
	ma67.mkcsoft.com /cylindergases.html (1243 words)

	CNC Heads - Ford Alloy Crossflow (Big Valve)
		This head, made from Aluminium alloy and featuring bigger valves and a unique port shape is a huge improvement on the standard iron head.
		This head is a direct replacement for an iron head and can be bolted on in exactly the same way.
		This head is intended for race purposes or road car owners who simply want ultimate power from their cars.
	www.cncheads.co.uk /ford_alloy_xflow_bv.html (731 words)

	Cylinder head - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hole in the middle for the spark plug, four holes for the cylinder bolt posts.
		In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head sits atop the cylinders and consists of a platform containing part of the combustion chamber and the location of the valves and spark plugs.
		This design, however, requires the incoming air to flow through a convoluted path, which limits the ability of the engine to perform at higher rpm, leading to the adoption of the overhead valve head design.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cylinder_head (328 words)

	The Crossflow Chronicles
		The 250 Falcon engine with integral manifold is limited in performance due to the restrictive nature of the cylinder head.
		I've decided that the original head design is very limited and have elected to import a better engine to replace it: The Australian Alloy Head Crossflow.
		First introduced in 1976 with an iron head and in 1978 with an alloy head, the Crossflow six is essentially a "Cleveland" version of the six.
	home.cfl.rr.com /mustangsix/Engine/crossflow.htm (3751 words)

	HRG-Derrington Heads
		This was called the "HRG Derrington" head as a result of their long association with HRG, who I believe cast up the various specialty bits sold by Derringtons, including manifols and heads, and because it was originally designed by one S.R. Proctor of HRG.
		The Mk 1 head was a small chamber head with the smaller original valves suitable as a replacement for 1489 and 1588 cc engines.
		The Mk 2 head was designed with the larger valves first used in the 1622 MG engine and continued on with minor changes through the Mk 3.
	rhodo.citymax.com /HRG.html (921 words)

	Cylinder head 531 530 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Head Gasket #1378646, Inlet manifold gasket #1378879, Exh manifold gasket (set 4) #271704, Throttle body gasket #1271488, Sealing ring (Water pump to head) #1336255, Camshaft front seal #6842273, Nipple (or tailpiece) 3/8" NPT connects to heater hose, and screws into head (under 4th inlet) #976040, Inlet valve #463395, Exhaust valve turbo #3547247
		I have seen numbers for two 531 stock heads, and think the numbers I have seen for the two 531 heads are reliable because they were consistent with each other and with what I had heard and read in general.
		The 531 head definitely should get larger exhaust valves if used on a turbo motor and the 530 head should if it is being more than very lightly modified.
	www.rsphysse.anu.edu.au /~amh110/Head_folder/cylinder_head_531_530.htm (1301 words)

	CNC Heads - Ford Crossflow
		The measurements of this head show a substantial gain on the inlet port flow of 24.1%.
		The process which produces this head uses a CNC machine to remove substantial material from the head.
		This head is a substantially modified item using a precison, computer guided engineering tool to replicate a head which itself took weeks to perfect.
	www.cncheads.co.uk /ford_crossflow.html (558 words)

	Cat's new 3126B midrange truck diesel - Caterpillar Inc. Engines Div Diesel Progress North American Edition - Find ...
		In fact, despite the new cylinder head, there is still a very high degree of parts commonality between the 3126 and the 3126B.
		The new cylinder head sits on a one-piece engine block assembly that has a cavity for an integral engine oil cooler, and heavy longitudinal ribs near the crankshaft centerline to provide additional stiffness.
		The 3126B combines the cylinder head and air intake manifold into one component, moves it to the same side of the engine (left) as the aftercooler outlet, and integrates the HEUI oil rail into the head.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FZX/is_n3_v64/ai_21201302 (867 words)

	BMW's New Six-Cylinder Engines - In Depth - GermanCarFans.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The cylinder head is mounted directly onto the insert, the lower section of the latter serving as the upper section of the crankshaft mounting.
		Generally speaking, the casting of the cylinder head of the inline six is more sophisticated than any other engine construction method (with the exception of a twelve-cylinder engine with its two lines of cylinders).
		Two parallel casting methods are used in the manufacture of the cylinder- head for the new six-cylinder engine, both of which were tried and tested in the production of the previous generation of engines, and which were further enhanced to meet the specific requirements of the new component.
	www.germancarfans.com /print.cfm/ID/2040718.001 (13294 words)

	Ford Six Performance: The Web's Leading Resource for Ford Inline Six-Cylinder Engines and Cars! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		With the US style integral log head, a 200 ci six will grudgingly yield 200hp, if you go to great lengths to adapt big carburetion, do a lot of porting, run lots of compression, and pay close attention to quench, cam and other details.
		The Aussie Crossflow engine is a big leap over the US design, but in order to use the aluminum Aussie head, you had to use the Aussie block with it's unique bearings, seals, gaskets, timing set, and tin.
		Some have found that the ports are perhaps marginal for the 250 cube engine they were originally designed for, but a close look shows that even in stock form they are optimally sized for a 200.
	www.fordsix.com /tech/engine/crossflow/crossflow.php (811 words)

	www.flowspeed.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Since airflow is the key to power, a properly prepared cylinder head is the key to a powerful engine.
		You can learn more by clicking on the Cylinder heads page, or go directly to our packages and rates page for our latest pricing information.
		Go directly to our MGB cylinder head identification article to identify your cylinder head unquestionably.
	www.flowspeed.com (199 words)

	The New A3 Sportback
		The injector, located on the admission side in the cylinder head, is served by a high-pressure pump driven by the camshaft and a pressure reservoir shared by all cylinders - the common rail system.
		The design of the four-cylinder turbo FSI is based on the 2.0 FSI naturally-aspirated engine, with which it shares key dimensions such as the cylinder spacing of 88 millimetres, as well as having the same cylinder head and crankshaft drive.
		The crossflow cylinder head with two tangential intake ducts on either side and a twisted valve star assures an optimum combination of swirl and cylinder charge.
	www.audiworld.com /news/04/a3sportback/engine/content.shtml (3387 words)

	The new Audi A3
		The cylinder head with valves operated by roller-type followers keeps internal friction to an absolute minimum.
		With its cylinder angle of 150 the V6 is very compact, providing ideal conditions for crosswise integration of the engine transverse to the direction of travel.
		The crossflow cylinder head with two tangential intake ducts on either side and a twisted valve star ensures an optimum combination of fuel/air mixture tumble and cylinder charge.
	www.audiworld.com /news/03/a32/content3.shtml (2275 words)

	The Worst Automobile Engines of All Time - Features- Popular Hot Rodding Magazine
		The injured head gasket would then let coolant seep into the cylinder and since there is little quench volume in a diesel, the uncompressability of a liquid was a theory very quickly reinforced.
		In addition, the anti-freeze engine coolant of the day did not have the proper additives for use in a mixed material cooling system, so head gasket breakdown and cracked cylinder head castings were common after a few years of use as were cam bearing failures.
		The non-crossflow cylinder head design made the engine easy to package in almost every Chrysler body style but deemed the powerplant dated before it even had a chance to stall for the first time.
	www.popularhotrodding.com /features/0408phr_worst_automobile_engines (3309 words)

	VWvortex Forums: VR6 Technical Bulletin (as of 1997) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The cylinder bores are 81 mm in diameter with a spacing of 65 mm
		Twenty stretch bolts are used to retain the cylinder head to the block.
		The surface of the combustion side of the cylinder head is flat.
	forums.vwvortex.com /zerothread?id=829387 (3283 words)

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