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Topic: Crown of Savoy

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	Savoy, the. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Its name is derived from the palace of Peter of Savoy, uncle of Eleanor of Provence, wife of Henry III.
		Destroyed (1381) in the Peasants’ Revolt, the palace was rebuilt (1505) as the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem by Henry VII and finally destroyed when its foundations were removed in 1810 before the Waterloo Bridge was built.
		The Savoy Conference of 12 bishops of the Church of England and 12 Puritan divines was convened in 1661.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sa/Savoy.html (190 words)

	AllRefer.com - Savoy, the (British And Irish Physical Geography) - Encyclopedia
		Savoy, the, chapel in London, between the Strand and the Thames River.
		The chapel, which was connected with the hospital, is maintained by the crown.
		The Savoy Conference of 12 bishops of the Church of England and 12 Puritan divines was convened in 1661.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Savoy.html (264 words)

	Encyclopedia: Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The House of Savoy was a dynasty of nobles who traditionally had their domain in Savoy, a region between Piedmont, Italy, France and French-speaking Switzerland.
		Margrethe of Savoy (Turin, November 20, 1851- Bordighera, 1926), was the Queen of Italy during the reign (1878-1900) of her husband, Humbert I. She was the daughter of Ferdinand, Duke of Genoa and granddaughter of Carlo Alberto.
		Others instead do underline that also the pragmatical tradition of the House of Savoy, of taking a decision only when unavoidable, a sort of political irresolution, was one of the reasons for their defeat.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Victor-Emmanuel-III-of-Italy (3496 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Savoy
		Savoy, the Roman Sabaudia, was inhabited in antiquity by the Celtic Allobroges who were conquered by the Romans in the first century before Christ and gradually became Romanized.
		The oldest possessions of the line of Savoy were the counties of Maurienne (the upper valley of the River Arc), Savoy (the district between Arc, Isère, and the middle course of the Rhone), and also Belley, with Bugey as its chief town.
		During the French Revolution Savoy was occupied by the French, and by the Treaty of Nice in 1796 was surrendered to France together with Nice.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13492a.htm (1524 words)

	Hotel Savoy Prague Prague, Hotel Savoy Prague, Savoy Prague Prague, Hotel Savoy Prague, Savoy Prague Hotel, Savoy Prague
		The Hotel Savoy is strategically located in the heart of the city and 10 kilometers east of Prague International Airport.
		As the only deluxe boutique hotel situated in the center of the city and at the same time so close to the famous Prague Castle, the Hotel Savoy is the haven of unique experience of charm and luxury for both leisure as well as business travelers.
		The Hotel Savoy is a member of The Leading Small Hotels of the World and the best hotel in Prague.
	prague.alternativehotels.com /hotel-savoy-prague-prague-czech-republic.php (946 words)

	The most beautiful sites of the French Riviera and Provence : the hills : Saint Paul de Vence, Vence, La Gaude, Saint ...
		The County of Provence was in the hands of Queen Jeanne, a descendant of Charles of Anjou.
		In 1419, Nice was officially granted to the Duke of Savoy in spite of the protests made by René of Provence, who was made Count of Provence in 1394.
		It was not until 1860 that Nice and Savoy were attached to France and this was in exchange for the help given by the King of Sardinia in conquering the province of Milan.
	www.businessriviera.com /Local_Area_Maps/Histoire/Presentation.asp (1214 words)

	On Specific Issues Within Monarchism
		Crown Prince Vittorio Emanuele is, as his title implies, the son of Italy’s last king, Umberto II, who abdicated in 1946 and died in 1983.
		So the House of Savoy is central to a major period of Italian history--the first 85 years of unification--to which the other Italian royal families are irrelevant.
		In addition, the House of Savoy, despite its medieval French origins, is firmly identified with Italy and the Italian people, whereas the Italian Bourbons and Hapsburgs never overcame the stigma of their French/Spanish and Austrian origins.
	www.angelfire.com /in3/theodore/opinion/issues.html (1946 words)

	[No title]
		The new Regent was to be the Duke of Savoy.
		Emanuel Philibert of Savoy, then about twenty- six or seven years of age, was the son of the late unfortunate duke, by Donna Beatrice of Portugal, sister of the Empress.
		At the very moment when the conqueror and autocrat was exchanging crown for cowl, and the proudest throne of the universe for a cell, this aged monk, as weary of scientific and religious seclusion as Charles of pomp and power, had abdicated his scholastic pre-eminence, and exchanged his rosary for the keys and sword.
	www.knowledgerush.com /pg/etext04/jm04v10.txt (20315 words)

	Papal States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Papal States (Gli Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii, "States of the Church") was one of the historical states of Italy before the peninsula was unified under the crown of Savoy.
		Over several campaigns in the mid-tenth century, the German ruler Otto I conquered northern Italy; Pope John XII crowned him emperor (the first so crowned in more than forty years), and the two of them ratified the, which guaranteed the independence of the Papal States.
		After the Austro-Sardinian War, much of northern Italy was unified under the House of Savoy's government; in the aftermath, Garibaldi led a revolution that overthrow the Bourbon monarchy in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Papal_States (2128 words)

	Intro
		He added the arms of the Savoy, with the crown on the top, on the central white vertical band.
		The Italian Royal Standard or the Arms of Savoy is composed of a central scutcheon decorated with a silver cross on red ground, with the royal crown on the top.
		It was established in 1362 by Amedeus VI of Savoy.
	www.hist.uib.no /antikk/stamps/intro.htm (945 words)

	Davidoff, Diamond Crown, Fuente, Savoy, Savinelli, Extreme Travel Cigar Humidors and Humidor Bags - Milan Tobacconists ...
		Diamond Crown Humidors are made from American hardwoods, specifically grown in the Appalachian Mountains region: trees grown at this high elevation grow very slowly, lending more stability to the wood and yielding a superior grain.
		The Diamond crown Colonial Series, for example, is constructed with joints that are mitered and precisely notched to solidly lock the corners together so that they will not move or come apart.
		Savoy Humidors are beautifully crafted yet very economical, a combination not easily duplicated.
	www.milantobacco.com /humidors.htm (1090 words)

	Kingdom of Italy - Royal Flags
		Since 1848 to 1880 the Royal princeps had a swallow tail version of it, but the arms had a princely crown, were of a simple form and there was one tricolour and one Savoy flag.
		The Royal Standard was square, blue, with a crowned eagle amid, the shield of Savoy on his breast, all encircled by the collar of SS.
		After 1880 until 1946 the standards were defined as for Royal Decree of 28 November 1880.The Gagliardetto dei Principi (ie Princeps Standard)was the same as the Standard of the King, but swallow tailed and without crowns in the corners.
	atlasgeo.span.ch /fotw/flags/it_royal.html (451 words)

	The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Saint Maurice, Duke of Thebes, was the patron Saint of the House of Savoy and a Society of noble monks of that name had been founded on 13 February 1434, by Duke Amadeus VIII of Savoy, to accompany him on his retreat from secular life to that of a hermit.
		Dames grand cross wear the cross 37 mm in diameter ensigned by the crown and suspended from a bow decorated with gold embroidery on the ribbon bow; dame commanders wear the same decoration without the embroidery; ladies of the third class the same but without the crown.
		It was clearly unrelated to the sovereignty of Savoy itself, which the Savoy Kings of Italy had lost long since, without any infringement of their enjoyment of the Grand Magistery.
	www.chivalricorders.org /orders/italian/maurice.htm (4061 words)

	Italy
		It ultimately passed to the Dukes of Savoy, who then styled themselves the kings of Sardinia and became the kings of a united Italy.
		This is a little awkward, since Savoy, now as Sardinia, remained a core territory of Francia and, most importantly, would go on to form the nucleus of a new Kingdom of Italy.
		The House of Savoy is continued under Kings of Italy.
	www.friesian.com /italia.htm (9544 words)

	Savoy, the on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Savoy Resources Appoints Key Industry Professionals to Management Team; Company's Ability to Execute Planned China Exploration of Minerals and Precious Metals.
		Savoy Resources Corp. Announces the Appointment of Mr.
		Savoy Resources Announces Formal Retention of Archer Cathro, Addition to the Geological Team, Appearance at Upcoming Beijing Gold Show.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/S/Savoy.asp (434 words)

	Encyclopedia: Giuseppe Garibaldi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		They lived in the coastal city of Nice, then part of Savoy, in the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia The family was involved in coastal trade, and Guiseppe was reared to a life on the sea.
		Charles Albert (October 2, 1798_July 28, 1849) was the Duke of Savoy, Piedmont, Aosta and King of Sardinia from 1831 to 1849.
		A challenge against the Pope's temporal domain was viewed with great distrust by Catholics around the world, and the French emperor Napoleon III had guaranteed the independence of Rome from Italy by stationing French troops in Rome.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Giuseppe-Garibaldi (4888 words)

	Italian Medals
		The Order of St. Maurice was established in 1434 by Amedeo VIII of Savoy (during his stay in the Ripaglia hermitage near Thonon) and so called after Maurice, the brave Captain of the Legio Tebea who was martyred in 286 a.d, altogether with his legionnaires for having refused to worship the Imperator Marco Aurelio.
		As for the House of Savoy, still owner for dynastic reasons of the Grand Mastery, the pretender to Italy's Throne (Prince Vittorio Emanuele IV) is still conferring from his exile knightoods of this important Order which was never discontinued.
		On the obverse the cross was "chargé" by the "Iron Crown" encircled in gold and blue; on the reverse there was a fl eagle with the Arms of Savoy "en coeur", encircled in red.
	www.gwpda.org /medals/italmedl/italy.html (2650 words)

	Guardian \| Exiled royals dip a toe in Italy
		And the ownership of the crown jewels, locked in a safe in the Bank of Italy for the past half century, has yet to be resolved.
		The Savoys have made efforts to dismiss the public resentment of their role in Italian history, issuing a statement last year formally condemning Mussolini's race laws, which banned Jews from schools and public office at the beginning of the second world war.
		They said the laws, which were approved by the Savoys at the time, had left an indelible stain.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4625654-103681,00.html (476 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem
		Finally, the grand mastership of the order having been rendered vacant in 1572 by the death of Castiglione, Pope Gregory XIII united it in perpetuity with the Crown of Savoy.
		Besides their commanderies the order had two houses where the knights might live in common, one of which, at Turin, was to contribute to combats on land, while the other, at Nice, had to provide galleys to fight the Turks at sea.
		But when thus reduced to the states of the Duke of Savoy, the order merely vegetated until the French Revolution, which suppressed it.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09096b.htm (1371 words)

	Papal States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Papal States (Gli Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii, "States of the Church") was one of the major historical states of Italy before the boot-shaped peninsula was unified under the Piemontese crown of Savoy (later a republic).
		In 781, Charlemagne codified the regions over which the Pope would be temporal sovereign: the Duchy of Rome was key, but the territory was expanded to include Ravenna, the Pentapolis, parts of the Duchy of Benevento, Tuscany, Corsica, Lombardy, along with a number of Italian cities.
		Over several campaigns in the mid-tenth century, the German ruler Otto I conquered northern Italy; Pope John XII crowned him emperor (the first so crowned in more than forty years), and the two of them ratified the Diploma Ottonianum, which guaranteed the independence of the Papal States.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Papal_States (2267 words)

	Crown Watermarks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Many of the monarchical countries have used this regal emblem as a watermark, and the very first adhesive stamp of them all, the 1d.
		There have been at least six distinct variations of design of this G. Watermark: the 'small' crown of 1840; the 'large' of 1855 in two designs; the 'Imperial' of 1880; the 'formal' (with Royal Cipher) of 1912 and on, the 'Tudor' and 'St. Edward', and the present design.
		The crown of St. Stephen, showing the bent cross was a watermark of Hungary 1898-1908.
	www.stampnotes.com /Notes_from_the_Past/pastnote265.htm (115 words)

	Coat-of-Arms (Spain) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		During the brief reign of Amadeo of Savoy, the crown was a royal crown and an escutcheon of Aosta (Argent, a cross gules within a bordure compony azure and or) was placed en surtout.
		The arms are crowned with an open royal crown, placed on an eagle displayed sable, surrounded with the pillars of Hercules, the yoke and the bundle of arrows of the Reyes Católicos [as on the 1945-1977 flag].
		Argent, a lion purpure (or gules) crowned or.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/es-arms.html (1919 words)

	Victorian London - Publications - History - The Queen's London : a Pictorial and Descriptive Record of the Streets, ...
		In Savoy Street, a narrow thoroughfare off the Strand, just west of Waterloo Bridge, is one of the Chapels Royal, built in the years 1505-11 on the site of the long-vanished Savoy Palace.
		Her Majesty Queen Victoria bore the expense of its restoration after a disastrous fire in 1864, the chapel belonging to the Crown in connection with the Duchy of Lancaster.
		It was at the Savoy, during the the interregnum, that the Independents adopted a Confession of Faith, and that the abortive Conference for the revision of the Book of Common Prayer was held.
	www.victorianlondon.org /ql/queenslondon125.htm (212 words)

	Encyclopedia: Battle of Lepanto (1571) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A galley fleet of the Holy League, a sometimes-flimsy coalition of Pope Pius V, Spain, Venice, Genoa, Savoy, Naples, the Knights of Malta and others, defeated a force of Ottoman galleys.
		The coalition fleet consisted of 206 galleys and 6 galleasses, and was ably commanded by Don John of Austria (Don Juan).
		Vessels were contributed by the various Christian factions: 105 galleys and 6 galleasses from Venice, 80 from Habsburg Spain, 12 from the Papal States, 3 from Genoa, 3 from Malta, 3 from Savoy and several privately owned galleys.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Battle-of-Lepanto-%281571%29 (2515 words)

	Savoy Ballroom homepage
		The crown jewel of Harlem for 32 years, the Savoy cultivated new dance forms, transformed jazz musicians (both fl and white) into legends, broke down barriers and fostered racial integration; and most importantly gave three generations of New Yorkers a place to unwind like nowhere else in the world.
		On the weekend of March 11-12, 2006, the 80th anniversary of its opening, the Savoy Ballroom will be remembered and close to 100 of those musicians and dancers who made it the "Home of Happy Feet" will be honored at an anniversary dinner-dance at the Alhambra Ballroom.
		The New York Swing Dance Society celebrates the SAVOY’s 80th with a panel discussion on the ‘80s revival of interest in lindy hop, special dance performances and video presentations, and social dancing to the City Rhythm Orchestra.
	www.savoy80.org (401 words)

	THE ORDER OF OUR LADY OF THE CONCEPTION OF VILA VIÇOSA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		When the last King of the Aviz dynasty, Henry I, a Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church who had inherited the throne on the death of his childless great nephew Sebastian I, died in 1580, the throne was forcibly assumed by Philip II of Spain.
		The union between the two Crowns was a disaster for the Portuguese.
		The first nominations as Grand Cross were of Don Juan de Borbón, Count of Barcelona, father of the present King of Spain, Don Carlos de Borbón-Dos Sicilias, Duke of Calabria, Head of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies, and the Archduke Otto of Austria, Head of the Imperial House of Habsburg-Lothringen.
	www.chivalricorders.org /orders/portugal/vilavic.htm (3453 words)

	Cigar Humidors
		One may enjoy the finer things and the Diamond Crown humidors would be an appropriate purchase.
		These beautifully crafted yet very economical Savoy Humidors use excellent wood veneers, are spanish cedar lined and come with a humidification unit and hygrometer.
		Savoy Travel Humidors are made from genuine leather available in fl and tan.
	www.pipesandcigars.com /cigarhumidors1.html (613 words)

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